Việt Nam Cộng hòa và dòng họ Ngô Đình qua góc nhìn từ con trai ông Ngô Đình Nhu | NAMDUONGTV

I've just received a book from a friend. It's called La Republique du Viet Nam et le Ngo Dinh by Ngo Dinh Quynh, Ngo Dinh Le Quyen, published in 2013, page 246. There's a post-mortem of Ngo Dinh Nhu after the author passed away. The main part is about Ngo and her family, over 60 pages long. About 30 pages are about the family and the last page is about Ngo's post-mortem of Ngo Dinh Nhu, 120 pages long. I'd like to read the main part of the book by Ngo Dinh Quynh and Ngo Dinh Le Quyen. The book has four chapters that describe historical events that have been going on for a long time. The names of the Vietnamese names are all written with marks. It's hard to understand foreign languages. I only translate the main ideas. This article was published on Viet Thuc forum. Here are the words of the Viet Thuc forum. Viet Thuc forum acknowledges that the article is here because the author has a historical background and it was Ngo Dinh who initiated it. The article needs to be criticized because of the negative comments, unfair response, and inaccuracy from the author The article does not reflect the opinion or position of the Viet Thuc forum. Chapter 1. Ngo Dinh Ngo Dinh is a descendant of Ngo Quyen, the first emperor of Vietnam in the first century, in 1939, after many anti-invasion battles. Ngo Quyen built the first Vietnamese dynasty. In the 14th century, Ngo Dinh was one of the first families to convert to Catholicism. Ngo Dinh Kha, born in 1857, died in 1923, was sent to study in Malaysia, to set up a family as the father of the two later emperors. Ngo Dinh's family is rarely found in Vietnam. Ngo Dinh Kha was a well-educated man, educated in the royal court, after being a minister of the Ministry of Rites, a military officer, a minister, but he resisted the French from Bon Loc. According to the Catholicism, Ngo Dinh Kha was a monk, but he was still a priest. After three days of Tet, he often invited people from Luong to go to the grave. Although he followed the Catholicism, Ngo Dinh Kha loved the country, the culture, the customs of the people. He was different from the Catholics who followed the monks. In South Vietnam, many Catholics used the monks to be buried here. After the First World War, in 1914, Ngo Dinh Khoi, the son of Ngo Dinh Kha, the governor of Quang Nam, was killed by Viet Minh in 1944 along with his only son. The second son was Ngo Dinh Thuc, born in 1897, went to prison. In 1938, he was buried in Vinh Long. In 1960, he was buried in Hue. He was not present until January 1, 1963. Actually, it was January 1, according to the author's favorite. He migrated to Italy, France, Spain and died in the US on December 13, 1984. Mr. Ngo Dinh Diem was born on January 3, 1901 as the third son of an excellent law student and governor of Hanoi. In 1921, Mr. Do Thu Khoa became the governor of Hanoi after serving as the governor of Phan Rang, a province with 300 villages. He understood the rural life well. Later, when he became the president, he often visited the provinces. As a talented man, he was honored by the emperor in 1933 when he was only 32 years old. A few months later, he resigned because he was threatened by the French. In September 1945, Mr. Diem was arrested by Viet Minh in a mountainous area where he was seriously ill. Ho Chi Minh invited Mr. Diem to cooperate, but he refused and sued Viet Minh for murdering his brother and threatening his family. Diem said, Mr. Diem had to find a way to go abroad in Asia, Europe and America. In 1950, he stayed in La Ma, then went to America in a dormitory in Lakewood, New Jersey. Ngô Đình Nhu was born in Hue on October 7, 1910. He was the fourth son of the Governor-General of Hanoi. From 1946 to 1954, he worked politically to establish an independent government. Ngô Đình Cẩn and Ngô Đình Luyện are his two younger brothers who later served in the Vietnamese government. Trần Lệ Xuân, later wife of Ngô Đình Nhu, was born in 1924 in Hanoi. Lê Quỳnh Học, later husband of Ngô Đình Luyện, was born in 1945. Lây Ông Nhu, later husband of Ngô Đình Luyện, was born in 1943 in Hanoi. The two brothers established and expanded the Vietnamese Communist Party. When the Junef meeting was held after France lost in the Pacific, Emperor Bảo Đại thought The author was mistaken. He was a prime minister at the time, not the chairman of the ministerial council. He returned to Vietnam in July 1954. When he was in power, he encountered difficulties because of the French occupation. Emperor Bao Dai in Cairns did not care about the country. When he was in power, the emperor gave him full power. The referendum was held on October 23, 1955. He won 98% of the votes. On March 4, 1956, the Parliamentary Legislative Council elected Mr. Diem to be a consultant to Mr. Nhu, his younger brother. In front of him, there were many difficulties, including the robberies of Binh Xuyen. The robberies of Binh Xuyen were helped by General Trinh Minh The, who helped the president to wipe out the rebellion in Binh Xuyen. They marched in Saigon. After beating Cao Dai, Hoa Hao Song, Mr. Diem beat Binh Xuyen. On September 27, 1956, the last French soldier withdrew from Vietnam. On October 26, 1956, the Communist Party was established. Mr. Diem was the founder of the Communist Party of Vietnam, ending the feudal system and the local system. The author is wrong. In fact, Mr. Diem beat Binh Xuyen, Hoa Hao, in the middle of 1955, and then appealed to the public opinion to become president in October 1955, not become president and then wipe out the rebellion. Mr. Diem opened up education, opened up many schools. The infrastructure was built, but was demolished and destroyed. The lives of the people were guaranteed in terms of health, security, and the advancement of education. Schools increased in size, rice export increased by 500%, from 1954 to 1959. Mr. Ngo Dinh Nhu established the People's Commissariat, established the Youth Union, established the People's Commissariat with a spiritual, social, and economic core. The Communist Party deceived the soldiers. Many people went on strike. Mr. Nhu initiated and carried out a strategy. Mayor, Mayor, teachers, nurses were killed by the Communist Party. The strategy was to provide people with self-propelled vehicles, waiting for the helicopter to bring the army to battle. Now the people are safe to live in the village of Hang Rau. The Viet Cong did not apply the policy of the people of the country. They went to the mountains a lot. In the summer of 1962, the war was smoothed out by a strategy. On July 23, 1972, Defense Minister McNamara planned to withdraw troops and reduce the aid of the Vietnamese Communist Party. Mr. Nhu was in charge of peace with North Vietnam. Mr. Ho Chi Minh gave a peach tree to Mr. Diem on the occasion of the Lunar New Year. Mr. Nhu also offered to go to the North, as well as take two sons to visit the North. The US forced Mr. Diem to receive more military advisers, asking to take Mr. Nhu abroad. But the Vietnamese side refused. They reduced aid to raise people against Mr. Diem. President Kennedy declared that he wanted to change politics and change people in Vietnam. They propagandized to reduce Mr. Diem's reputation in the West. People believed in the US and believed in their propaganda. On December 3, 1962, Roger Hillman, Director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stated that the strategy to make the government peaceful was effective. The reduction of aid affected the situation, propagandizing the dissatisfaction of Mr. Diem's government. These people are close to the US. Mr. Diem had to reassure the military officials in anticipation of the coup. Hillman's above article also showed that the Vietnamese government has made progress. The government has to fight against the communists and fight against the internal struggle for power, that is, the coup. In April 1963, Mr. Nhu issued a resolution ordering the military not to kill the enemy, but only to destroy the rear, and let them still run. The enemy sent out a lot of goods. After a few months, there were 6,000 people. They were starving, they said that the strategy made them have no food. In October 1963, McNamara said that the security situation was progressing well. General Harkin, commander of the US military in Vietnam, said that the spirit of combat was very high. When Ngu Dinh Nhu died, 8,000 of the 12,000 villages were established. The strategy made the Viet Cong not kill young North Vietnamese. When the Americans expelled Mr. Nhu, they abandoned the strategy and poured half a million troops in with large war vehicles, but failed 12 years later. Mrs. Ngu Dinh Nhu was elected to the People's Congress, also the chairman of the Women's Federation. The Federation has helped migrants. In total, there are 1 million people from the North to the South. This shows that the government of Diem is more attractive than Ho Chi Minh. The federation helped Nhi, a war victim, die. She also opened a military training and self-defense federation. When Mr. Diem died, the country suffered from wars for power, which became the tragedy of the generals. Mrs. Nhu liberated women and introduced the family law. Since 1958, Mrs. Trinh has been approved by the National Assembly. The men and women of the Federation abandoned the family law. Mrs. Nhu implemented the family law. The president was single, so Mrs. Nhu played the role of the first wife in major diplomatic ceremonies. The Vietnamese media in the early 1960s showed the progress of the Southern economy under Ngu Dinh Diem. On military, the strategy was successful. The good results were then destroyed by the US Constitution. They decided to kill Diem Nhu. Not the people against the government, but because the generals were greedy, greedy for power, greedy for prestige, and controlled by the US. Chapter 3 The Coup In August 1963, President Diem and Nhu knew that the US was going to buy the generals to overthrow the government, so they gathered the generals to remind them of their responsibility to the country. President Kennedy sent Capote Lorre to Saigon as an ambassador for Northeast China. Capote Lorre came to Saigon on August 22, 1963. He called the US Department of State and said that the generals kept their important mission in Saigon loyal to Mr. Diem. The other generals were not clear. The coup was just luck. At the end of August, they did not have a policy on Vietnam. Dan Gross, the foreign minister, claimed that the US did not withdraw from Vietnam before winning the Communist Party and did not make a coup in Vietnam. Ngu Giac Dai's declaration said new events. On June 13, 1971, the New York Times published secret documents that McNamara had collected since 1967, which were exposed to the press. President Nixon was angry and wanted to ban the publication. But on June 30, 1971, the Supreme Court allowed the publication. The article's title is Ngu Dinh Diem's Declaration. Ngu Giac Dai's documents on the Vietnam War show that President Kennedy knew the military coup plan in 1963 and he agreed. The documents say that since August 1963, we, the Americans, have encouraged the acceptance of the coup plan of the Vietnamese generals and promised to establish a long-term government. We are in a coup to increase our responsibility in Vietnam and the interference of the United States. They will show that the Americans do not agree when condemning Mr. Diem's actions. President Kennedy sent a delegation to Saigon to assess the situation. He sent General Roulak and Medejon, the political advisers of the US ambassadors. They reported the opposite. On September 23, 1963, he sent another delegation, including McNamara and General Maxwell Tyler. On October 2, they reported the military was good, and the strategy was open. We can withdraw the advisers from the end of 1965, cut economic aid to pressure the Diem government to reform politics. Kennedy agreed. McNamara announced that 1,000 Americans would leave Vietnam at the end of 1963. Kennedy hesitated before the two reports of the supporters and against Mr. Diem. General Harkins in Vietnam reported about the US like this. At this time, the change of leadership is not good. I see no one is as anti-communist as Mr. Diem. The military situation in Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3 and Zone 4 is generally good. Ambassador Cabot Law sent a letter to George Bundy, Kennedy's adviser, on October 30, 1963, saying, The US has helped this army with economic aid, but to win the war, we must change the government, we must prepare for the coup. The leaders need money to buy the generals close to Mr. Diem, then the coup will succeed. We will worry about evacuating their families. Ambassador Cabot Law recognized the military economic progress, but said Mr. Diem was wrong. It is necessary to evacuate, regardless of the consequences. Ambassador Cabot Law's decision affected President Kennedy. The coups were going on non-stop. Two days later, CIA agent Lucien Corneille was assigned the task of communicating with the generals, because he knew French. He encouraged the generals to oppose President Diem, promised that if he failed, the US would protect him, if he won, he would take power. Ambassador Cabot Law and CIA cooperated closely with the generals. At the end of October, the atmosphere in Saigon was gloomy. Ngo Dinh Nhu thought of his wife and daughter, Mrs. Nhu and Le Thuy went far away. He called Trac, who was 16 years old at the time. Trac was the one who spoke well of Ngo Dinh. Because three adults, Mr. Nhu's children, did not have children to speak. Mr. Nhu told Trac to take his two brothers, Quynh and Le Quyen, to Da Lat. The author, Chu Thich, said the day after the coup, the three brothers in Da Lat fled into the forest with the guards, then found their way to the airport in Da Lat, took a plane to La Ma. Here, the author of Die Thuc also has Chu Thich. The author remembered wrongly, because at that time he was still young. In fact, Mrs. Nhu's three children were officially given by the new government in Saigon after the coup. In the afternoon of November 1, 1963, the generals held a party at the Ministry of General Affairs, led by General Tran Thien Khiem Dai. When everyone came to the table, General Duong Van Minh stood up to declare that a coup was beginning and asked everyone to support. Everyone cheered. General Le Quang Tung, the commander of the special force of Ngo Dinh Nhu's people, said, You must know who is behind you. Le Quang Tung was arrested and executed along with his brother Le Quang Trieu. Nguyen Huu Viet, the author, Chu Thich, actually at this time, Nguyen Huu Viet was a minor. The vice-presidential guard called the president and said that he would attack the Ministry of General Affairs with a long-range infantry. If he attacked, he would arrest the rebels. Mr. Diem refused and said that the comrades did not kill each other. At 5 p.m., General Duong Van Minh called Ngo Dinh Nhu's advisor and said, If two people do not go to the line, I will throw a bomb and shoot Taipei into Yalong Bay. At 8 p.m., Ambassador Cardboard Law called Mr. Diem and said, If you go, you will be able to go abroad. But the president said he would surrender here. General Do Cao Tri, commander of the 1st Division of Hue, as well as Nguyen Khanh, commander of the 2nd Division of Pleiku, reported that the president wanted to send troops to rescue. General Huynh Giang Cao, commander of the 4th Division in Can Tho, also ordered to go back to Saigon, but the president refused, did not want to shed blood. Nguyen Khanh asked his brothers to Pleiku, but he also refused, did not want to shed blood for the national army. In the middle of the night, two men, Diem and Nhu, went to the car of Cao Van Di. General Director Thanh Nien Cong Hoa, Mr. Diem sat in front, Mr. Nhu in the back, to the place where Mr. Diem ordered the defense troops in Yalong Bay to stop the bloodshed. When Colonel Nguyen Van Thieu launched the attack, the defense soldiers in the camp fought to the last bullet. The president and his brother slept at Ma Tuyen's house, the Vietnamese passed by, responsible for Thanh Nien Cong Hoa at Cho Lon. On the morning of November 2, 1963, the two brothers Ngu Dinh held a ceremony at the François Xavier church, Cho Lon, Cha Tam church. After the ceremony, Mr. Diem asked Linh Muc, the priest, to contact General Tran Van Don. He wanted to ask about the rites and love of the nation. Generals Don and Tran Tu Oai prepared a proper cart to pick up the two men. But General Mai Huu Xuan was ordered to meet Colonel Duong Hieu Nghia and Nguyen Van Nhung to warn General Duong Van Minh to follow. Before departing, Duong Van Minh pointed two fingers at Hieu and killed both of them. Mr. Diem and Nhu waited in front of the church with Linh Muc carrying a jeep and a trailer. General Xuan said he was ordered to go north and open the armored car door. Mr. Nhu opposed, Xuan said this car was guaranteed security. On the way back, the two brothers were shot and killed by Nguyen Van Nhung. To prove his guilt, he said the two men committed suicide. In fact, their hands were blinded. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs was surprised to see the two men killed. President Kennedy was also confused in front of the two men who were blinded by the smoke. What he did not expect would happen. After the government was overthrown, the Communist Party of Vietnam propagandized to lure southerners against the US empire. It was General Duong Van Minh who was called for liberation. He himself expelled the US. He surrendered without a smile when they handed over Saigon and handed over the country to the enemy. This is the end of the humiliation for the main culprits in the treachery and urgent killing that put the country in a state of chaos. On November 5, 1963, French President De Gaulle contacted US Ambassador Bohan and said, I do not believe you succeeded by directly intervening in Vietnam. It is a pity for the US that the two Nhu brothers were killed. The substitutes will probably not succeed. In our own experience, those in power controlled by the foreign state will fail, I do not believe it will be good. My point of view, as decided by Gen. F. in 1954, is not based on the issue of Vietnam. This statement is for the Communist Party as well as for you. I am afraid that you will be far away, difficult to withdraw. After the government of Ngo Dinh Diem was overthrown, there were 8 governments in 2 years. Although supported by the US, they could not lead the country. All the achievements of Ngo Dinh were destroyed. 41 provincial governors were replaced. In 1964, the war escalated when Johnson became the US President. The generals made moral changes compared to the time of Mr. Diem. They said that Mrs. Ngo Dinh Nhu was one of the 7 richest women in the world. But when she was on the run, she only took bribes through interviews to take care of the children. President Kennedy was assassinated. Johnson's government led by Viet Cong Nguyen Huu Tho, said that the collapse of Ngo Dinh was a gift from heaven falling to us. Chapter 4 Another scene. The book says that Ngo Dinh often wrote against Buddhism, monotheism, evil, corruption. He also condemned President Diem for not respecting the Geneva Accords, for not carrying out the general election. The assumptions above are baseless. The Geneva Accords were signed by the French government and the Viet Cong government. The Viet Cong government rejected Ngo Dinh Diem's future South Vietnam government. In fact, at that time, he called the country Vietnam, not the Viet Cong, as the author said. The US also did not sign. There were neutral, Russia, Britain. The part about the unification of the two sides was not signed by either side. The election was guaranteed in the morning. 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