Ukraine is using "Long Neptune" missile to destroy Russian airfields; now they fly 500+ km

Name: Ukraine is using "Long Neptune" missile to destroy Russian airfields; now they fly 500+ km
Uploaded: 2026-11-01T06:07:52.227Z
Duration: 4 min 27 s
Channel: Kanal13

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Ukraine developed the Long Neptune missile based on the Neptune anti-ship missile, which entered service in 2020. The new modification was tested and used in combat, and in October 2025, it was used to strike the Russian Borisoglebsk airfield in the Voronezh region. The history of the creation and development of the Ukrainian Neptune missile family is described by the publication Militarny . According to the information provided, the new version has a longer body, increased diameter, and a modified nose cone . It was developed to engage ground targets, particularly targets deep within enemy territory. Development of the Neptune began in 2010 at the Luch design bureau, initiated by its director, Oleg Korostelev. Initially, the work was financed by the company's own funds , but in 2012, the state launched research and development work on the new rocket. Following the occupation of Crimea in 2014, Ukraine lost part of its naval forces and coastal missile assets. This increased the need to develop its own weapons to counter Russian ships. The first public flight test of the Neptune took place on January 30, 2018. In December of that year, the missile destroyed a surface target, covering a distance of 280 km . On August 23, 2020, the RK-360MC Neptune coastal defense missile system was officially accepted into service by the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The original version of the R-360 missile was designed primarily for anti-ship missions. Its firing range was 7 to 280 km, and its warhead weighed 150 kg. When flying over the sea, the missile could hover at an altitude of 3–10 meters above the waves and reach a speed of approximately 900 km/h. However, during a full-scale war, the need arose for a modification capable of striking targets inland. This required a different guidance system and a larger warhead. The development of such a missile became known in the spring of 2023. In December of that year, then-Deputy Minister of Defense Ivan Gavrilyuk publicly referred to the new modification as the "Long Neptune." In March 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced that the Long Neptune had passed tests and was successfully used in combat conditions . The new missile is designated R-360L. Compared to the original version, it has a longer body, a larger diameter, a modified nose section, and larger rudders. The missile is also capable of flying over difficult terrain, completing a route without satellite navigation, and homing in on ground targets. Missile researcher Fabian Hoffman suggests that the missile could utilize the TERCOM terrain correction system , which helps navigate in the absence of satellite signals.

At the same time, Ukraine was developing other variants of the Neptune family of missiles. In October 2025, the Ministry of Defense presented another configuration, dubbed "Fat Neptune," to a Lithuanian delegation. Its body features two prominent lateral extensions for additional fuel. Official specifications for this version have not been released. Estimates suggest it could carry a 150 kg warhead and have a range of 400–600 km.

On October 15, the Ukrainian Defense Forces launched a Long Neptune missile strike on the Borisoglebsk airfield in Russia's Voronezh region. According to the report, at least four Russian Su-34 bombers were destroyed in the attack , and two more were damaged.

This strike was one example of the combat use of a Ukrainian missile to destroy ground military targets at a significant distance.

The Neptune missile, originally designed for anti-ship use, has evolved into a family of weapons with various configurations and purposes. However, some of the characteristics of the new modifications remain confidential.

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Ukraine developed the Long Neptune missile based on the Neptune anti-ship missile, which entered service in 2020. The new modification was tested and used in combat, and in October 2025, it was used to strike the Russian Borisoglebsk airfield in the Voronezh region. The history of the creation and development of the Ukrainian Neptune missile family is described by the publication Militarny. According to the information provided, the new version has a longer body, increased diameter, and a modified nose cone. It was developed to engage ground targets, particularly targets deep within enemy territory. Development of the Neptune began in 2010 at the Luch Design Bureau, initiated by its director, Oleg Korostylev. Initially, the work was financed by the company's own funds, but in 2012, the state launched research and development work on the new rocket. Following the occupation of Crimea in 2014, Ukraine lost part of its naval forces and coastal missile assets. This increased the need to develop its own weapons to counter Russian ships. The first public flight test of the Neptune took place on January 30, 2018. In December of that year, the missile destroyed a surface target, covering a distance of 280 km. On August 23, 2020, the RK-360MC Neptune coastal defense missile system was was officially accepted into service by the armed forces of Ukraine. The original version of the R-360 missile was designed primarily for anti-ship missions. Its firing range was 7 to 280 kilometers, and its warhead weighed 150 kilograms. When flying over the sea, the missile could hover at an altitude of 3 to 10 meters above the waves and reach a speed of approximately 900 kilometers per hour. However, during a full-scale war, the need arose for a modification capable of striking targets inland. This required a different guidance system and a larger warhead. The development of such a missile became known in the spring of 2023. In December of that year, then-Deputy Minister of Defense Ivan Gavrilyuk publicly referred to the new modification as the Long Neptune. In March 2025, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky announced that the Long Neptune had passed tests and was successfully used in combat conditions. The new missile is designated R-360L. Compared to the original version, it has a longer body, a larger diameter, a modified nose section, and larger rudders. The missile is also capable of flying over difficult terrain, completing a route without satellite navigation, and homing in on ground targets. Missile researcher Fabian Hoffmann suggests that the missile could utilize the the Turcom Terrain Correction System, which helps navigate in the absence of satellite signals. At the same time, Ukraine was developing other variants of the Neptune family of missiles. In October 2025, the Ministry of Defense presented another configuration, dubbed Fat Neptune, to a Lithuanian delegation. Its body features two prominent lateral extensions for additional fuel. Official specifications for this version have not been released. Estimates suggest it could carry a 150 kg warhead and have a range of 400 to 600 km. On October 15, the Ukrainian Defense Forces launched a long Neptune missile strike on the Borisoglebsk airfield in Russia's Voronezh region. According to the report, at least four Russian Su-34 bombers were destroyed in the attack, and two more were damaged. This strike was one example of the combat use of a Ukrainian missile to destroy ground military targets at a significant distance. The Neptune missile, originally designed for anti-ship use, has evolved into a family of weapons with various configurations and purposes. However, some of the characteristics of the new modifications remain confidential.