Ukrainian attacks on Russian oil refineries have become more effective thanks to new tactics
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Ukraine is employing a new strategy of attacking Russia's energy sector. Instead of massive shelling, it is now launching targeted strikes on oil refineries , targeting critical components, the Financial Times reports.
This allows the facility to be taken out of commission for a longer period, the authors write. And such strikes ultimately become more costly for Moscow, the journalists write, citing military personnel involved in preparing such strikes.
Drone operators explained that target selection is based on technical analysis and logistics. They say drone units are trained by energy engineers and industry experts. They explain which components are essential for refinery operations and which will require the most time-consuming replacement. "Missions are planned with multiple objectives and contingency options in mind. If operators are unable to reach the primary target due to air defenses or navigational issues, they are instructed to redirect the strike to pre-selected secondary or tertiary targets rather than abort the strike," the article states. Operations also continue to include attacks on large oil storage facilities, using munitions containing fragmentation elements. It is noted that since Russia and Ukraine use similar energy systems dating back to Soviet times, both Ukrainian and Russian engineers have a detailed understanding of industrial processes. Therefore, during Russian strikes on Ukrainian infrastructure, "they act in exactly the same way." At the same time, the Ukrainian strategy views Russia's energy infrastructure as an interconnected network, rather than a collection of individual targets. Identifying and destroying critical nodes increases the effectiveness of attacks.
"By mapping the interdependencies between refineries, substations, and power lines, Ukrainian planners are identifying hotspots where a relatively small warhead could cause disruptions far beyond the initial blast zone," the authors wrote.
Ukrainian planners have compiled a detailed map of Russia's power grid. They are identifying critical nodes whose failure could disable significant portions of the system, as well as targeting equipment that is the most difficult to replace.
According to drone operators and an FT analysis of satellite imagery, Ukrainian drone units have also begun repeatedly striking the same critical equipment until repairs are completed, preventing the facilities from resuming operations. As a reminder, the fuel crisis in Russia, caused by strikes on refineries, continues. The Russian government has prepared a legislative framework that will allow the import of diesel fuel , following gasoline, which is already purchased from Belarus, Kazakhstan, and India. Historically, Russia has been one of the largest exporters of diesel fuel: up to 50% of its diesel production was exported. For example, in 2023, domestic diesel consumption amounted to 52.2 million tons, while 35.7 million tons were exported.
Russian authorities continue to redirect fuel supplies from Siberia and increase imports from Belarus to prevent shortages in the Moscow region . However, supply disruptions continue nationwide.
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