Russia came up with a new way to hide its shadow fleet in Black Sea; but Ukrainian drones find them
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Russian "shadow fleet" tankers, which the European Union plans to continue combating , have begun massively spoofing their location data in the Black Sea to conceal their true routes and avoid attacks. At least 12 sanctioned tankers simultaneously transmitted two sets of coordinates via the Automatic Identification System, creating the impression that the vessel was in two locations at once. This scheme was particularly active when tankers transited the Bosphorus, where Turkish authorities require the transmission of their real coordinates. Analysts estimate that at least six vessels have been using this method simultaneously over the past several months.
The Financial Times reported on a satellite data spoofing scheme . According to the journalists, at least twelve sanctioned tankers used identical devices to transmit false, "frozen" coordinates while operating hundreds of miles from their actual locations. The publication notes that the similarity of the equipment and method on all the vessels indicates not isolated instances of signal substitution, but a coordinated system of route concealment.
"Six of these vessels have been transmitting two sets of coordinates simultaneously via the Automatic Identification System over the past few months, giving the impression that they are in two places at once," said Ollie Ballinger, a shadow fleet tracking expert at University College London.
According to his observations, dual positioning was most often detected when tankers were exiting the Black Sea through the Bosphorus. Turkish authorities require vessels to transmit their actual coordinates while passing through the narrow strait with the help of tugboats, so the vessels would briefly activate their real AIS signal while simultaneously transmitting a second, fixed position near the mouth of the Bosphorus. The Russian-flagged vessel "Pirope" served as an example: on August 27, it simultaneously transmitted data indicating its position near the Bosphorus and a signal indicating its location almost 800 kilometers away, off the coast of Turkey. Michelle Wiese Bockmann, a senior analyst at Windward, reported that between July and September, more than 80 vessels reflagged to the Russian flag. She believes this is the most telling sign of Moscow's intentions to tighten its grip on shipping and logistics – and all this is happening against the backdrop of the EU and UK imposing sanctions on nearly 700 tankers transporting Russian oil and gas over the past two and a half years. Windward estimates the "shadow fleet" at 1,229 vessels with a deadweight of over 20,000 tonnes, and more than three-quarters of them are subject to US, UK, or EU sanctions. Despite all of Russia's efforts, Ukrainian drones easily locate them.
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