【故宮】 (2024), 御花園的細膩佈局 \ 御花園中的悍婦 \ 御花園中的奇石 \ 御花園的侯爺 \ 御花園中的觀宇 \ 御花園中的欽安殿 #北京 #故宮 #紫禁城 #御花園 #欽安殿
御花園是觀光客最熟知，但卻最容易忽視它的精緻細膩！這裡有900多幅具有文化典故的馬賽克，和各種造型的建築物、奇石、古樹等等。這裡也有一座集合了明清兩代的藝術精華的道教殿宇，值得細細品味！
The Royal Garden is the most familiar to tourists, but it is easiest to overlook its exquisiteness! There are more than 900 mosaics with cultural allusions, as well as buildings of various shapes, strange stones, ancient trees, etc. There is also a Taoist temple here that combines the artistic essence of the Ming and Qing dynasties, which is worth savoring!
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御花園從紫禁城落成時就在這裡了，當初的設計師，在這小小的空間中，佈置了各種造型的建築物，之間還點綴了許多奇特的石頭，然後利用花圃和古樹，來轉移注意力，使人不能一覽無遺，因此遊玩起來，有種處處柳暗花明的感覺。尤其是御花園中的地板最具有特色！它們以各種顏色的小石頭，拼成一幅幅含有文化典故的馬賽克，因此當年嬪妃們在逛花園時，有九百個故事等著她們去知道，增加遊覽的樂趣。
基本上御花園的布局是東西對稱的，在東邊有一個降雪軒，外一邊的西邊建築物叫做「養性齋」。這2個建築物的前面，各有一個御花園當中造型最美的庭子，東邊的叫做萬春亭，西邊的叫做千秋亭，都是明朝嘉靖年間的作品。它的外型有點類似於故宮的角樓，採圓頂多角的造型。在這個對稱的御花園當中，東邊的堆秀山的造景，就顯得有點突兀。其實這件造景中的某些材料還是來自宗徽宗的〝艮嶽〞花園。北宋滅亡之後，金代把〝艮嶽〞中的奇石搬到北京，裝點他們的御花園，明-萬曆年間又將一些材料，移到這裡成為「堆秀山」的一部分，所以這些的某些石頭，可以說是看到四個王朝的滅亡…
御花園的東北方向，有個叫做摛藻堂的建築， 乾隆在這裡儲藏了12.000冊的《四庫全書薈要》，這是從《四庫全書》中，精簡化的書籍，他老人家閒暇時常到此讀書吟詩。御花園的中心建築，是一個宗教性的地方叫做欽安殿，這裡不但是中軸線上面唯一的宗教建物，也是故宮當中極少數的道家觀宇。他的大門叫做「天一門」，〝天一〞一詞是道教用語，是生水的源頭，有滋養萬物的涵義。門前有兩個金光閃閃的怪獸，那是傳說中代表公理正義的神獸-獬豸。
欽安殿的內部陳設，集合了明清兩代的藝術精華！殿內的任何物件無不精緻異常！其中最引人注意的，莫過於有10個差不多跟真人一樣身高的侍從雕塑，手持各種物品，來服侍真武大帝的神像。「欽安殿」內共有11個大小神龕，正中央的主龕之中，「真武大帝」手持出鞘的寶劍端坐在其中，腳前還有一個銅鑄的龜蛇玄武像。
The Imperial Garden has been here since the completion of the Forbidden City. The original designers arranged buildings of various shapes in this small space, dotted with many strange stones, and then used flower beds and ancient trees to create To divert attention so that people cannot see everything at a glance, so when playing, there is a feeling that everything is dark and bright. Especially the floor in the Royal Garden is the most unique! They use small stones of various colors to form mosaics containing cultural allusions. Therefore, when the concubines visited the garden, there were 900 stories waiting for them to know, adding to the fun of the visit.
Basically, the layout of the Imperial Garden is symmetrical from east to west. There is a snowfall pavilion in the east, and the building on the west side outside is called "Yangxingzhai". In front of these two buildings, there is a most beautiful courtyard in the imperial garden. The one on the east is called Wanchun Pavilion, and the one on the west is called Qianqiu Pavilion. They were both works during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. Its appearance is somewhat similar to the turret of the Forbidden City, with a domed and multi-angular shape. In this symmetrical imperial garden, the landscaping of Duixiu Mountain in the east seems a bit abrupt. In fact, some of the materials used in this landscaping come from Zong Huizong's "Genyue" garden. After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty moved the strange stones from "Genyue" to Beijing to decorate their imperial gardens. During the Ming and Wanli years, some materials were moved here to become part of "Duixiu Mountain", so some of these stones , can be said to have seen the demise of four dynasties...
To the northeast of the Imperial Garden, there is a building called Azao Hall. Here Qianlong stored 12,000 volumes of the "Sikuquanshu". This is a simplified book from the "Sikuquanshu". He often used it in his spare time. Come here to read and recite poetry. The central building of the Imperial Garden is a religious place called Qin'an Hall. It is not only the only religious building on the central axis, but also one of the few Taoist temples in the Forbidden City. His gate is called "Tianyi Gate". The word "Tianyi" is a Taoist term, which is the source of raw water and has the meaning of nourishing all things. There are two shining golden monsters in front of the door, which are the legendary beasts representing justice - Haechi.
The interior furnishings of Qin'an Hall embody the artistic essence of the Ming and Qing dynasties! Everything in the temple is exquisite! The most eye-catching thing among them is that there are 10 attendant sculptures that are almost as tall as real people, holding various objects to serve the statue of Emperor Zhenwu. There are 11 large and small shrines in the "Qin'an Hall". In the main shrine in the center, "Emperor Zhenwu" is sitting in it holding an unsheathed sword, and there is a bronze turtle and snake Xuanwu statue in front of his feet.