Ground robots are becoming an increasingly important part of Ukraine’s war effort, helping transport supplies, evacuate wounded soldiers, clear mines, and carry out combat missions without putting troops at risk. The Kyiv Independent’s Kateryna Hodunova speaks with Vasyl Korenovskyi, CEO of RoverTech, a Ukrainian defense technology company that develops unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). He explains how a simple demining machine evolved into a growing family of ground robotic systems now used on the battlefield. The conversation explores the role of artificial intelligence in warfare, the challenges of scaling military production, and how robots could eventually take over many front-line tasks — while still leaving a critical role for infantry.
A Ukrainian entrepreneur and former soldier discusses his robotics company's mission to reduce casualties through specialized demining and logistics robots. The conversation explores the integration of AI, the strategic importance of domestic production for Ukraine's economy, and the evolving role of autonomous systems in modern warfare and tactical deception.
We don't know how A.I. will behave.
If for some reason the AI decides to turn around and shoot its own people,
We simply don't know.
Do you think underground drones and other systems
Will they be able to completely replace the officers?
We are close.
How close?
Almost. You'll see.
80-90% of them will be replaced by robots.
Could you talk about how you decided to start your company?
And what were the first months of development?
The first months were probably the most difficult.
and most interesting of all.
I served in the army.
I remained in the service until the end of 2022.
and for about half a year
We tried to explain how we could assist the army.
We didn't know where to start,
And then, one day, my brother in his hands
He called and asked if we could make a simple robot.
who simply crushed the mane,
to reduce the number of injuries sustained by soldiers,
during manual demining of areas.
This is how our logistics robot was born.
The first year was devoted to development,
showing prototypes to military personnel,
testing within the scope of
many, many tests.
Then, at the beginning of 2024
We have begun the work,
receiving the new product guaranteed.
Such a product has never been on the market before.
Nobody has ever done it before.
In November 2024
We have finally received our first delivered product.
It was a mine-clearing robot.
Then, in November of the same year,
We provided a logistics robot,
Built from the first product, called ZMI.
Guys from the Third Development Brigade
They arrived and said,
That's a nice machine.
Or can it be made available?
for collecting things,
Some cargo?
We said yes, let's try.
In about a week
We received the logistical version.
robot ZMI
In November we went through the tests
We have received the NATO classification code.
In 2025
We have expanded very seriously.
If in 2024
We built 60 robots,
In 2025, we built 720.
This year
We will build ten times more,
So things are looking good.
How did you find the engineers?
and basic materials,
What were necessary to build all of this?
We used up all the material,
What we had in our hands
in our automatic store.
We had our own shop.
As for skills,
I am an advancing mechanic.
In the underground mechanic.
I have 14 years of experience.
in business, past the point of no return.
So I know my way
in the direction of mechanisms,
plus at the convenience store.
Everything is there
It's also about mechanisms.
You're just using logic.
physical rights
That's all.
We didn't do anything extraordinary.
We did not destroy any physical laws.
I understand that building a mower
That's one thing.
But if it comes to
offensive underground drone
It must be
Much more complicated, isn't it?
Attack drone
only in certain ways
We were dealing with
very useful
underground robotic systems.
There are people and companies,
which do great
defense modules
I assure you,
So we collaborated with them.
For example,
for the defensive version
our robot,
ZMII Droid 12.7,
We collaborated with DevDroid.
They'll make a great turret.
The soldiers love him.
They also love our platform.
So we joined the forces
we created
ZMII Droid 12.7.
Now
We are working in the process
certification
ZMII Mini
From Mk19.
This will be the next one
armor model
From Mk19
with grenadine
to destruction
the enemy's strength.
Before something
It goes into production,
This has been tested.
In defense.
Personally
We are taking the machines
forward
and we are sending our colleagues
They test them.
in real-life situations
They give us answers.
It works.
It doesn't work.
We are changing this,
Let's keep it that way.
Based on their answers
We are improving our products
and only then
We are starting
my production.
If you have
a solid machine,
You can create
anything with her.
And if you have
excellent engineers,
You're giving them a task.
I can do it
change into a product
in a week
After that
It's just that
the issue of testing,
which may last a month,
two or three
Creation
product yourself
It's quite fast,
but delivering it
for production
upon receipt
certification
It takes longer
That's not something,
what we can accelerate
It's a new product,
who must
work on the front line
and most importantly,
to be safe
for the soldiers,
those who use it
This is the main one.
I know
your robot
demeaning
It's much lighter.
from foreign equivalents.
How did you manage that?
I remember,
I've heard that
That's a girl
about a ton
At the same time
similar foreign systems
They weigh from 10 to 20 tons.
Every product
my own niche
w
specific
environment.
If we look
on large machines
demeaning,
humanitarian,
They were built
for cleaning
of vast areas,
but not in situations
Our machine
It was built
specifically
Do walki.
Actually
first certification,
which we received,
It was from NATO.
so it would be
specified
as military equipment.
Only after that
We received
civil certificate,
which could have been
used
for humanitarian work.
Why is this so easy?
At the beginning
We wanted to
Do it
easy enough,
to drive through
through anti-tank mines.
To 250
do
350 kg
Almost
amount of pressure
needed
of reflection
typical
anti-tank mine
But during testing
We carried out
something else
When it passes
He is sitting on the page.
for a long time
let's say,
year
album
one and a half years
internal screw
It is changing
due to
weather
or maybe
touch
even
over
50 kg
We couldn't
to hold
robot
over
350 kg
We made it.
a bit heavier,
about
1 ton
by
survive
detonations
anti-tank mines
Yes
turn off
anti-tank mine
from her
screw
I
Go on.
Yes
survive
4 explosions?
Yes
survive
4 explosions
In short,
but you still have to
list
front explosive
every time
because
It is destroyed.
You have the same machine
remains fully.
If we look at
foreign equipment
equipment after the mine explosion
cost
70,000
80,000 dollars
because
self-propelled equipment
costs
million
Our costs
20,000 dollars
and equipment
cost
only
2,000 dollars
Moreover
We can do it
In a few days,
because all parts
They are Ukrainian.
I am always in the store.
With foreign machines
You have to wait.
by parts
Arrived.
That's a completely different story.
But our machine
cannot
list large machines,
because
They are here.
for large objects.
Our
It was built
for the front,
to clear the way,
so that the officers
It could have passed safely.
so that we don't lose
soldiers,
in the hands of our brothers,
They could have done it
Go home
Life and well-being.
But also
is only used
for humanitarian tools.
For example,
to get large equipment
in the vicinity
first
It needs to be done
Small passages.
Our machine
Robi te małe przejścia
without using
humanitarian tools
Then
large machines
enter
We'll clear the large surrounding area.
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W 2025
You introduced the model.
using
artificial intelligence.
What problems
will solve AI
for the army
In your products?
Personally,
Are you agreeable?
using AI
On the front?
Main risk
AI
There are such ones
How about our machines.
It is still here
with continuous development
in the correction.
Not yet
in the latest version of AI,
so we cannot
to use her to her full potential
because it is still developing.
In our case
AI
is used only
in defensive modules.
Helps
with the purpose of achieving
track
by observation.
But true control
machines
I shot
still yet
carried out by the operator.
There are two reasons
For this.
First,
security
We don't know.
what is AI
I'll manage.
For example,
if a soldier
It will come to the machine
to discharge it
and for some reason
AI will decide
to turn over
machine
to shoot
in their own people.
We simply don't know.
So these two tasks,
machine controlling
a shot,
We leave it to the operator,
to preserve
All safely.
How long
usually deals with
AI training?
This occupies
a very long time
Too big
outflow of resources
because it has to
to sell
a large database
Site of the battle
It changes every day.
Maybe you could fix it
the road today,
tomorrow
that road
will explode
and you must
find
a new road
AI cannot see.
that something has changed.
Russians
also
constantly
they adapt to us,
just like us
We will adapt to them.
We'll create something new,
They are the ones who control it.
We control
I control
And so on.
Frontline
changes
2-3 weeks,
and most often
month
So you must always
update
Add new features.
That means,
that you must
reverse AI
From the beginning.
It is a very complex process.
Is this happening?
at once
at the same time
Is this it
your company
Does it bring that?
We're bringing this in
as a company,
also
We receive this from others.
There is a large network of people
working there.
We are not competitors.
with others
manufacture me
drones
All together
We are working
on one
a crucial goal,
victory of Ukraine
So we divide the technology
and everything
besides oneself.
That's how it works.
I would also like
to talk
To your MINI ZMI.
First of all,
Why MINI?
Let's start with that.
MINI was born
quite quickly
In a curious way.
We took it (them)
our large logistics ZMI
We kept everything
Similarly,
just do it
We destroyed them.
Do the minimum.
So small,
when we open the window
There is no space.
even without putting one's hand inside.
We reduced his truck's weight
This time
we increased
indifference and speed.
Large-scale logistics ZMI
850 kg
Maybe I can drive through.
43–60 km.
MINI ZMI
450 kg.
Perhaps also
haul 500 kg
and his speed
up to 100 km
and its speed
just 15-20 km
in an hour,
depending on the area.
On a flat road
may pass
20 km per hour.
On the upper terrain
operator
team leader
decide
How fast must they go?
so as not to lose
car
of a person wearing a uniform,
which flee
from the fight.
I remember,
in one of your interviews
My two colleagues told me,
never
You didn't summon
No investors
At the beginning.
Has it already changed?
To date
I still haven't summoned it
one investor,
not even one assumption.
And if the time comes,
when do we have to
to summon investors
or establish
joint ventures outside
There is just one situation,
which will always remain unchanged.
Production will take place in Ukraine
in the factories
They will remain in Ukraine.
The purpose is to
strengthening of Ukraine's economy
because of the war
It will end sooner or later.
Maybe tomorrow,
perhaps in a year,
and it will end.
Ukraine
She will have to
get back on your feet.
If you have large factories
In Ukraine
You export your products,
Ukrainian economy
It will develop.
But if the factories
They are outside.
That is not good for Ukraine.
This is not just
business
to project.
What an amazing project.
Now I
It's about saving a life.
My Brothers' Lives
In the temple
outside
in the future
It's about the development of Ukraine.
Do you have
No international clients?
What is it
your general relative
government policies
to exports
Ukrainian gates?
We haven't started yet
exporting,
because,
Returning to that
What I was talking about earlier
this project
It's about saving a life.
First
We must
sell oneself
to his military.
When will we do it?
We'll think about it later
on exporting.
The government's consideration
at the same time
It's about reinforcement.
economy.
If we are selling outside,
money and taxes
They remain in Ukraine.
What will help?
economy.
And we're not yet
at the point
where can we
completely collect
gates
I have enough
units
for everyone
soldiers,
those who need them.
Now
gates
hold
line on the outside
data
They are enormous.
They are saving lives,
otherwise
soldiers
in those dangerous places
instead of them.
Perhaps more than one soldier.
Robots
Are these tasks working now?
so we need
Many of them.
Many?
You mean
two, three
ten times more
lower than in 2025?
As you have heard,
the president officially
explained
the purpose is
50,000 goals
until the end of the year
In the previous year
There were only 15,000.
so they want
four times more.
I am not this
Only a wish.
They consider it
for the purpose of
soldier
Soldiers sign
your proposals
In this way
They know what is needed.
We'll do it this year
in the following year
Let's do it again.
No problem.
There are no bets.
The government helps
in every way.
Ten support
is a major factor
in the development of underground drones.
Do you think,
underground drones
other systems
will be able to
completely replace the officer corps?
How close
Are we up to this point?
We are close to each other.
How close?
Bliskimi.
You'll see.
In your opinion,
What steps
They are still needed,
How to get there?
Listen, there's one rule,
Which one was the real one?
in war
through the ages
And it never changes.
Wherever the officer
Laid down his legs,
This is your land.
So without soldiers
There will be no front.
80-90% of them
will be listed
by robots.
That is a fact.
It will happen.
Ah, the soldiers
They will still have to
to do one's job
Hold the territory
That is the most difficult part.
Since you can go inside,
Should this be cleared?
from the strength of the enemies,
No, not really.
I am returning.
And you could have
Inside, the other way in,
reverse plan
or any other attempt
Clean and recover.
But when the soldiers
They go inside.
They must hold on tight
for a long time
They must hold on.
shouts of artillery attacks
and air shots.
Everything.
So the most difficult work
It's still the officer corps.
It's not just the officers.
They are also
Controlled distribution.
There was such an event,
where is controlled distribution
held her position
for a few days,
The Russians couldn't come together.
because they thought
there is
the entire officer corps of the officer.
That was just a robot.
The guys were arriving
and they discharged him
越来越多人,
a on po prostu
He kept shooting at them.
So this is absolutely true.
It depends.
It really matters.
We cannot expect
I will place it
No real statistics.
For our robots
know
Best and worst records.
Best example
last year
when the third
Separate Attack Brigade
restored to us
one of our aircraft,
which were shot
It was working
Almost two months already.
Almost two months.
Led
over 40 tons of aircraft,
survived
a dozen or so
explosive shots
by drones,
Mines were exploding.
survived
I finally
It exploded.
Approximately survived
15,000 kilometers.
And the shortest lifespan
was
If I don't lose it,
Over 300 meters.
Just
he was shooting and
It exploded.
So it's huge
lifetime
operational cycle
airplane
It all depends
from the direction of,
from the unit
And how do they plan to do it?
movements,
about the weather,
of operators,
of many things
Need
a lot of knowledge
in science
It's too complicated.
We didn't have
cases,
when is the sale
It wasn't working
due to
irregularities
It exploded
or it exploded.
That's all.
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