【F-4鬼怪II戰鬥機】它曾創下了16項飛行世界紀錄，卻在越戰中被打的「滿地找牙」

In 1961, the Vietnam War broke out. It was a war in fight against South Vietnam, which was supported by the United States and other countries. which North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and other countries, finally defeated South Vietnam to achieve reunification and This established Vietnam, the Socialist Republic. Huge budget deficit. Later , the United States gradually withdrew its troops from Vietnam due to unbearable consumption. It was also after the Vietnam War that the overall national strength of the United States was weakened, and the advantages of the Cold War were gradually occupied by the Soviet Union. During the entire Vietnam War, the US military lost fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and drones for various reasons. There are 8612 aircraft, of which 3720 are fixed-wing aircraft . Among the fixed-wing aircraft, the F-4 "Ghost" fighter is the aircraft with the largest loss. A total of 678 aircraft have been lost. Hello everyone, everyone, I am your old friend Tie Tie. Today we will talk about it. Talking about the fighter F-4 "Phantom" fighter that caused heavy losses to the U.S. military in the Vietnam War, the F-4 fighter is also the post-World War II is a two-seat, two-engine, all-weather, long- range supersonic air defense interceptor or fighter-bomber . It is a typical representative of the second generation of fighters. "Phantom" is In the 1960s and 1970s, the main fighter jets that served in the Air Force and the Navy were also dollar hegemony. the performance aircraft of the "Blue Angels" flying team of The "Ghost" was created by the MacDonald Company of the United States. It the US Air Force. The design and research of the fighter jets at that time started in 1956. Multi-role fighters advocate speed and long-distance air combat to win , must have a large range, and can accept the decline in combat performance, especially in the eyes of the US Air Force. The cannon has a short range and a flat trajectory, and the tactical value is greatly reduced. On the contrary, the range is long and the degree of intelligence is high Air-to-air missiles will dominate future air combat, which has also become the mainstream idea for aircraft designers to develop second-generation fighter jets. The F-4 "Phantom" fighter was also in this design environment that the F-4 prototype was born. jet made its first test flight on May 27, 1958 and began to evaluate the practicality of aircraft carriers in 1959. On February 15, 1960 , the first take-off and landing was completed on the USS Independence aircraft carrier. The Initially, the F-4 was only used by the U.S. Navy US Air Force was not interested , but under pressure from the US Secretary of Defense, the US Air Force could only accept the evaluation of general-purpose fighter aircraft. The result is F -4 has almost a comprehensive advantage. The U.S. Air Force, convinced by reality , borrowed two F-4s from the Navy in January 1962 and temporarily named them F-110A "Ghosts " . -4 Navy version named F-4B Air Force version is F-4C The first Air Force version of the F-4C . It flew for the first time on May 27, 1963. broke through twice the speed of sound in its first flight. F-4 fighter cockpit layout is tandem layout Two sets of control systems with ejection seats The nose of the aircraft is relatively drooping to ensure the field of view when flying at a certain angle of attack, and it is also conducive to ground attack. F -4 is an all-metal semi-monocoque fuselage structure The wings are cantilevered monoplanes . The outer wings of the naval type can be folded. F-4 fighter using two sets with a General Electric's J79-GE-17 afterburner turbojet engine The engine has developed a variety of modifications. It is equipped with multiple types of US combat aircraft F-4, with a total fuel load of 7022 liters. A 2270 liter auxiliary fuel tank can be hung under the abdomen , and a pair of 1400 liters can be hung under the wings. 19.2 meters in length , 5 meters in height, 13757 kilograms in empty weight, wingspan of 11.7 meters and a maximum maximum take-off weight of 28,030 kilograms. After the outbreak of speed at Mach 2.23, cruising speed at 940 km/h, maximum range at 2699 kilometers , combat radius at 680 the Vietnam War, the The US F-4 "Phantom" fighter jets flew to the battlefield carrying the hopes of the US military. They did not install any airborne cannons , but were all equipped with air-to-air missiles , including radar-guided Sparrow medium-range missiles and infrared guided missiles "Sidewinder" short-range missiles. However, From the tragic shooting down of the F-4 on the battlefield , it is not difficult to know that such a deployment gave the US military a loud slap in the face . . The performance of the F-4 "Ghost" fighter is not satisfactory or the air-to-air missile is not reliable enough. According to later data Among the 589 air-to-air missiles that were launched, only 59 were hit . The poor hit rate of 10% caused heavy losses to the US military. It can be seen that the US military lost 678 F-4s in the Vietnam War. Back The So in the late Vietnam War, the U.S. military has only begun to install external cannon pods for the F-4 fighter. Until now , air-to-air missiles have become the main weapon in air combat. The U.S. military still retains the cannon design for the new generation of stealth fighters. The improved F-4 The fighter has a total of 9 external hardpoints with a maximum bomb load of 8,480 kg. Four semi-buried "Sparrow" air-to-air missile pylons latter pair Pylon is also available are arranged in pairs under the fuselage, each with 2 "Sidewinder" air-to-air missiles . The middle pylon under the fuselage can be Hanging nuclear weapons Gun bay, 2273L drop tank or multi -ejection bomb racks . The outer hanging point under the wing can hang 1400L auxiliary fuel tanks or use three-ejection bomb racks . The weapons that mount various bombs also include one F-4 M61A1 six-barrel Gatling cannon . The performance of the "Ghost" fighter in the battlefield after carrying a variety of weapons In fact F-4 "Phantom" fighter , 16 flying world records were set, except Operation Sky Burner. All of the aircraft that set the flying records were not modified . Five of the speed records were not taken until 1975 when the F-15 "Eagle" fighter appeared. Breaking December 6, 1959 The second XF4H-1 prototype climbed to 30,040 meters Breaking the previous world flight altitude record of 28,852 meters created by the Soviet Sukhoi T-43-1 September 5, 1960 One F4H-1 set a Closed course average speed world record of 500 kilometers at 1,958.16 km/h. On September 25, 1960, the average speed of the An F4H-1 created a "Phantom" fighter at 100 km closed course was 2,237.26 km/h. On December 22, 1961, a modified Phantom set a new record. The flying speed 2585.086 km/h is an absolute world record. its The performance is not as agile. In addition, in the early 1962, it also created a series of world records for the time - consuming climb height . This advantage allows a skilled pilot to freely join and withdraw from air combat . The heavy fighter's specialty is the use of radar-guided medium-range air-to-air missiles for over-the-horizon air combat . In close combat, the Soviet Union The MiG Although the aircraft was in aileron roll was easy to get into a spin and couldn't get out , but pilots generally reported that the aircraft performed very well within its flight envelope. The improved F-4E, which appeared in 1972 , added leading edge slats to the wings, which greatly improved The F -4 has been mass-produced since 1958, with a , total output of 5,195 aircraft. It is still the largest in the history of U.S. military aircraft production. The production was discontinued in 1981. The first-produced supersonic jet fighter F-4 has been exported to 11 countries and has been widely equipped by the U.S. Air Force and its allies. One of the symbols of the Cold War, the F-4 fighter jet participated in the Vietnam War and the Middle East War . The United States claimed that the F-4 had won 277 air battles in Southeast Asia, and the number of ground attacks was countless. -4 achieved a record of 116 enemy aircraft shot down. Iran claimed that during the Iran-Iraq war, the F-4 shot down 84 times of various Iraqi aircraft F-4 fighters with Mach 2 times the speed and Long range large bomb load, which has always affected the next generation of fighters in the United States. The US Air Force later used the F-15 The "Eagle" and F-16 "Fighting Falcon" fighter The replaces the F-4 US Navy changed F-14 "Tomcat" fighter and the F/A-18 "Hornet" fighter attack aircraft The F/A-18 design almost completely inherits the F-4's "simultaneous air combat and anti-aircraft" design. The idea of ​​"ground attack", any fighter aircraft Whether it 's mediocre or brilliant, carries its own background and historical mission. Both experience and lessons provide value for the progress and development of science and technology. This issue's introduction to the F-4 "Ghost" fighter is here. Please continue to follow us you can watch the latest video and browse past highlights . Welcome to leave a message in the comment area . 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