Claude Monet
Claude Monet
Claude Monet (1840–1926) was a French painter and a founder of Impressionism. Born in Paris and raised in Le Havre, he was encouraged as a youth by the painter Eugène Boudin to work outdoors, directly from nature, a turning point for his art. With Renoir, Pissarro and others he organized the independent exhibition of 1874, where his Impression, Sunrise (1872) gave the movement its name. He went on to paint series of a single subject under changing light and seasons, including Haystacks, Poplars and Rouen Cathedral. In 1883 he settled at Giverny, where his flower garden and water lily pond with a Japanese-style bridge inspired some 250 Water Lilies paintings. Despite cataracts, he painted into his eighties, and after the First World War he gave large Water Lilies panels to the French nation, now displayed at the Musée de l'Orangerie in Paris.
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Pioneers of Modern Art and Architecture
From the 1870s onward, artists broke with academic tradition and opened the way to modern art. Monet's Impression, Sunrise gave Impressionism its name, and Cézanne, who exhibited with the Impressionists in 1874, rebuilt painting on structure and form. Edvard Munch turned art toward inner feeling with The Scream (1893), anticipating Expressionism. Frank Lloyd Wright carried this new spirit into architecture, designing buildings in harmony with nature, such as Fallingwater.
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