Addition of Grignard Reagent to Aldehydes & Ketones | Class 12 Chemistry @a2zpractical991

Hello, kids, how are you all? Today we're going to watch The edition of Grignard reagent means that if you Apply Grignard reagent to the carbonyl group What will you get if you do it? Anyway, I'll give you the product. If I tell you about it, alcohol will be available here, but Primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols first I will explain to you I'm giving you a simple reaction where you must know something. What exactly is a Grignard reagent, kid, come on Here is the addition of Grignard reagents to aldehydes. First, let's look at the insects, okay? First, let me tell you one thing. First, about the two Grignard reagents You should know the formula of the Grignard reagent. It happens, it happens, that's why STRI EM GEE BEE ITEM, meaning RMgBr or rather RMgCl, now remember one thing Keep it, children, whatever Mg you have in this, that is yours. If delta has a positive charge, and it's a metal, then it does so. Carrying a positive charge, so it's the one with the positive charge, the one with the positive charge Both will remain negatively charged. How will the child remain? will remain negatively charged, this thing will remain so for a very long time Pay close attention here because magnesium is involved here The carbon that is connected is inherently highly nucleophilic. I mean, where is he going to attack, yes? It will attack the electrophile, come on, First, let me show you a simple reaction, okay? Above the carbonyl group, the child is exactly this carbonyl group of ours also present in aldehydes; it is this carbonyl group that is ours It also happens in ketones, well, whenever then You use Grignard reagents then in the presence of dry ether Don't forget to write ethers The child gives it stability. Okay, now let's see here How will the child react to this? Highly electronegative, like a nucleophile So where will it attack? A child on an electrophile is positively charged. And you will know that oxygen is here delta is negative, like a child If he attacks here, just watch. Now it will try to establish a bond with it. Let's see where this C-Mg went. The child went to CS3. in the past of carbonyl And what is it doing, forming a bond, child As this bond is created, this bond will shift over here. Because if carbon's valency were not 4, it would become 5. Look, 1, 2, 3, 4, and if this goes here, how much will it become? 5, will it go or not, then carbon here So it was negative, who did the negative attack, MG? BR was attacked, and the child becomes a complex one. And do you know what they call it? Kids call it adduct. What do you call this, adduct, will remember, Now, last, look here, what do we do in this? Lastly, we react it with hydronium ion. What is the formula of the hydronium ion? H₃O⁺ The child will tell you what happens in H3O plus Some H⁺ ions exist, and there is H₂O. Yes Come on Tell me how H2O will break down There will be a water break, sir. H plus and OH minus in Nothing at all, they're just at the end of the reaction. This becomes negative oxygen It will attract the positive H plus, right? And just like that Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, okay, so this is something It will form H3O, that's correct, like the bonds I made As it is, plus now pay attention, listen to this MG and BR are left MG and BR are left, you know the charge for MG Plus 2 is present; this time there is only one BR connection, so what remains is this one. It could be that you will get connected with MG. Thus, it will create a new byproduct of this kind. Like MG BR OH positive, okay, okay MG positive OH negative oxygen negative, hydrogen positive, so here is yours Is the alcohol ready? Has it become ready? You must already know that if we We will add a Grignard reagent to your aldehyde which has It is possible for a carbonyl group to be present in a ketone. We'll get an alcohol from the carbonyl group, okay? Alright, now I'll teach you how to apply here—just listen carefully. Grignard reagent on aldehyde. Let me first go here I'm taking a Grignard reagent. What is the formula of a Grignard reagent? It's RMgX, right? No one has any doubt about its name, does they? What do you want me to write? I'll also write the name: R for methyl Magnesium bromide, there's no doubt about it Methyl magnesium bromide, sir. Come on, now I'm here. Watch if you subscribe What will become of its condition? Here, an attack was launched. He will attack here. It will become polarized in this direction, so tell me. This will become minus minus, who will pull whom, the child plus Who will pull the positive one? The OMCB R, keep it here, an attack will occur, okay, clear now, pay attention Don't say you haven't heard it now you're here using it What are you going to do, user? You are about to settle it now. Who will he call? Positive Hydro, is it okay? There aren't any problems, are there? Come on, kid, this negative hydrogen will call the positive hydrogen, right? Okay, and what about here? It's CSP, and LD, and what's here with you? It's Hydro, right? CSP, let's go, after that, what about Pardek? Tell me, is it CS MG, is it BR, and give MG the other one People need a connection because Metal Magnesium Plus Two It happens, so one feels, and one OH-Mg-Br-Mg will go nearby, okay, What is this plus and this OH? Your minus, here is your product It becomes, 1, 2, 3, like, I'll write it down, propane, 3 carbons make propane, and 2 would be your alcohol then Propane to all will become what will become the child, propane to all everyone will understand I came up with the reaction of SLDHides, and everyone understood it, okay. Alright, good then. Okay. Now I will show you the reactions of formaldehyde. You say, sir, what is the formula of formaldehyde? So the child needs to make an aldehyde, and next to it, This is an aldehyde; attach an H atom to the side of it. So that is your formaldehyde. If you place a Grignard reagent above formaldehyde Use methyl magnesium bromide, write the name... Did you forget to write the drither? Will you forget, Dhritharashtra? No, sir, no, we won't forget, okay? If you're going to talk so much, then don't talk at all, come on What charge is applied above this? So, who will come on top of the guy from today's auto? Dull negative is okay, partial negative, now look here. Here, it will try to establish a bond with this. Come on, let's go see it — this CS3 has arrived, this carbonyl What will the group try to do with the bond? And react it with H2O How does H2O break down for you? H plus and OH minus Oxygen is seeing negatively charged H is fine, okay, tell me then, what product will come? CS3 will be here. Your OH is already 2 H2O Here it's plus This is MGBR And this OH will also go here. Because the valency of magnesium is 2 So two people will definitely be brothers to this one. Come on, tell me what it will be called But its name will become Ethanol has become your primary alcohol. It's fine with formaldehyde. Why is this called a primary alcohol? It has a connection to the same carbon atom. That is your primary alcohol. I've taught you how to make a primary alcohol. I've taught you how to make a secondary alcohol. Which carbon atom is this alcohol attached to? It has two carbon connections. Now we will perform the last reaction. Your Grignard reagents on ketone Alright, tell me the formula for ketones. I'm taking acetone, bro What's there to fear? Alright, acetone took it. And I will apply for this Grignard reagent All the children know the Grignard reagent. Yes, sir, I know. CS3, MG, VR You just reminded me and in the presence of Did you forget? Dry Ether Don't you remember? Dry Ether Now, look, what is this? It becomes del positive. So it's automatically metallic, so Dell Positive, right? Automatically, both of them will be negative, okay, let's go. Nucleophiles can attack here, and it can attack here, man, and it can attack that too. There's nowhere to hide, okay? Let's go there and see what happens when we attack. Look here, this one, come here immediately, this, this, this, this, this, the one with this It's okay to attack; this attack has been made, this bound is over here This polarized thing has become negative—negative toward whom is it attacking? It will form MgBr, okay, this is our nucleophile. What happens is that the addict causes a reaction in you—specifically, the hydronium ion. H+ and H2O together form hydronium ions. Can you write H+ and O+? Okay, how does H2O break down into H+ and OH-? Let's go through oxygen. Who will pull the negative, brother? Tell me, you yourself have to tell me, you oxygen The negative will pull the H positive, that's correct, I write. I'm coming here first, here's the oxygen, take it yourself, and he pulled it. LiH+ becomes O minus H+ plus You guys already know the byproduct, man, MgBr So this will also go along with OH Mg, okay? So, MgBrOH will be formed. Now tell me, what is its name? Yes, one two three, three carbons are called propane, kid. The location is single bound propane and two pay. You have all alcohol, so propane two all but Two have an external group attached as well, an alkyl group, and externally attached When cement is present, our prefix is the prefix chain of cement. First written, then what do we have on our two position? 2-methyl, What will be formed from thymol two methyl, propane 2-ol, This is your third alcohol, is your third alcohol, So what have you learned here about Grignard reactions? Apply it over the carbonyl group, and you'll get formaldehyde. So primary alcohols, acetaldehyde, or aldehydes, people A carbon with a secondary alcohol, and if it is If you all really like this video, please like it a lot These are so fun, please subscribe to this channel Don't forget to subscribe and share, thank you