Preparation of Phenol All Reactions 🔥 | Class 12 Organic Chemistry | HSC, CBSE & NCERT

Today we will see the preparation of phenols, meaning multiple types How can you prepare phenol using multiple reactants? I mean, the part that's the reactant, the child, that one It directly appears in your board examination. We will not see 3-4 reactions today where you will prepare phenol. You know who you'll be preparing for, one Then I will teach you from chlorobenzene. I will teach you cumene. I will teach you from benzene sulfonic acid; last, I will teach you aniline refers to multiple methods performed by those I'll directly give you phenol, kid, and let me tell you one more thing. Questions from these are likely to appear in your board examination. Come, take a look at this. Come here, child. Let's look first; we'll examine chlorobenzene. chlorobenzene child chlorobenzene of First, you The structure should come; I'll show it to you as I build it. Whatever kind it is, your chlorobenzene, okay, look, this kind It's your chlorobenzene, okay? Now, on top of this chlorobenzene Heard it, now focus on this chlorobenzene, first of all Everyone knows the structure of phenol for making phenol. Yes, all the children know it. If they don't know phenol, then I do. I'm making something, look at this a bit What method do you use to produce phenol from chlorobenzene? Please note, you first need to react with NaOH here. React with NaOH as well. And your temperature is 623 Kelvin and 300 atmospheric pressure, Then carry out the reaction at 300 atmospheres pressure. So, listen carefully, when aniline occurs You must have heard that Na plus and OH minus break apart But let me tell you one thing In the presence of ring, aniline does not remain intact. How does it break? Look, it breaks in the ON minus mode And the second break is H plus. Alright, I'll remember everyone. Yes, the aniline break will occur in your case. In minus and H, okay, now pay attention, what will happen here? The child, this ON minus thing, will go here. And don't displace this chlorine, meaning don't replace it. It will remove it, it will get rid of the chlorine, okay So the first product made here, I'm talking about its I'll tell you the name too, okay? It fits here. Benzene and ON, now say, this chlorine went Where does the child go with this chlorine and what does it form with the H? It forms NaCl, okay, tell me its name, what is its name? Hey, will anyone remember the name of this child, sodium phenoxide? What will happen, look, sodium phenyl It's connected, together with oxygen, let's go Let me write it down here for you to see; look, its name will be sodium. sodium phenoxide phenoxide, okay You will remember, I think, all the children You'll remember this name, yes, sir, you'll remember it. Now look. I'm close enough; I just need to move these aside. If H is added, will your phenol be formed or not? You just need to do that. You don't need to carry out any reaction with an acidic medium here. So even you can use H₃O⁺ sign And if you wish, you can use it dilute HCl, okay, just take any one Kid, I'm just writing this down here too, look Just as you carry out the reaction in an acidic medium, acidic medium comes here, because oxygen is yours If it is negative, it attracts the H plus. So what will become of you here, OH And what will NaCl make with you, child? This will be your cute little phenol right here So, in the first reaction, what did we figure out? If we have chlorobenzene, we can produce phenol from it. Go ahead, here we'll check reaction number 2, Children whose reaction number is 2, You have to make phenol from cumin, from what do you have to make phenol? Cumin, you know, I just can't get the structure of cumin at all, man. I'm telling you, just pay attention here, Just pay attention, I'll clear everything here. They say, "Check the likes, this is the first, this is the first, this is the second carbon." is connected to carbon at the second carbon, so this Iso means three carbons, so isopropyl and what is this for us? It will be isopropylbenzene, the child compound. What do they call isopropyl benzene? They say the child's name is Cummin, okay? What is this called? Cummin, let's see what it is. Tell me, child, what should we make from cummin? What should I make, sir? We need to produce phenol from pyromellitic acid. You're reading, that's fine. Let's go ahead and make phenol then. So, your You have a clear target in your mind that we should We have to make phenol; let's see how to carry out this reaction. The most react because it doesn't have everything, even though it has everything An acidic H Is sitting down The child is this acidic H this Acidic H reaction Nothing is ready for doing, just like oxygen here But it will come, won't it? So, together with this carbon here It will connect, okay? I'll show you now. Don't worry. Just focus on me, there's no need to be afraid, everything is fine I'll clarify this here, okay? Let's see, this C6H5 as it Wrote it down as C6H5 exactly as it is, now look, this O2 here It's connecting there, this O, this second O, the child It becomes negative, like here, where the acidic H leaves from here. But it cannot go far away, coming back from the oxygen that is minus Carries charge because the oxygen with a minus charge carries it, and two Balances should also be present here, as it is connected, so it should burst. So, the hydrogen coming out as H plus, burst it. I am an aluminum hydrogen peroxide of the type of chute They say this is now quite close to your alcohol phenol. If I attach an OH group here, phenol will be formed. And will this group get completely out from here or not get out, that's all That's all you have to do, kid. Okay, good. So I'll use this here. What am I supposed to use here? Pay close attention. I will use dilute H2SO4 here, okay, and then that I'll heat it up; look here, check the rearrangement, see how it will look, check it out The OH group is charged, kids, this is it. Here, the shift occurs on this bound, and this bound does not shift over here if If you take the ball, then this Once shifted from here, it will become double-bound over here. After that, write oxygen acid. And when this child shifts here, Will you become phenol or not, phenol So this has become your phenol, and with phenol You've become so lovely, acetone is also fine, so yours What does phenol plus acetone become? A single substance, and this To make the reaction popular... let's make the second reaction too, guys People have covered it; now we'll move on to the reaction Number Three Benzenesulfonic acid, you benzene How to make phenol from sulfonic acid? Let's begin by me explaining to you Cute benzene sulfonic acid I'll set up the structure, okay? Check this out, here it is. Your benzene, and this is your sulfonic acid. Alright, you have to make this from this. Make your own cute little phenol, your own Bro, what should I do to make a cute, sweet little phenol? Just make it a phenol already. You'll say, sir, break this in NaOH and send it here—don't do it like this. First, this is an acid, so it will surely show its acidic properties, won't it? So, it will lose its H⁺ ion here, and the H⁺ will exit. So this will automatically become minus, Minus will pull it, NA will pull it, okay, so the first one here sodium benzenesulfonate Again and again Carefully Listen, child Again, now I am about to trigger this reaction. I can react it again now with NaOH. Because the reaction has already been neutralized. Now our NaOH could break like this In Na-H+, in Now tell me, what will happen to the child? If the child went to ONA, if ONA is there He'll go, then he'll give you something like an intermediate. Alright, and look here, what all will come out, look, This is SO3 and this is H; all of this is in the form of your salt. I will go outside, you also need to write it down And how to bring H to Ani's place, okay, Do you know how to make phenol, all the children? Okay, what else should I add here, nothing at all, Drop the testicle, it'll be done, H here But if it goes, it will become OH, and any scale Yes sir, I know. Look, if you don't know, just memorize it, brother. If you apply an ester to benzene, it turns out to be aniline. A child says to you, "Listen, I'll tell you something—remember this right now." Do not convert Anilin to diazonium first. You'll have to do it; if you don't know how, I'll tell you. Hey, look, you don't have two reagents here. Remember: L A I K E A N A N E T W O P L U S S You don't know? Then tell me, who saved this NN, brother, brother, this Both N will look at each other, neither will hide, okay then Look, what does this make here? It makes N2, that N2 It is called the diazonium group. Diazo and ions are applied, So, remember, diazonium, keep it in mind, A diazonium group looks something like this, Okay, this is the N2 group, okay. So, let's talk about the diazonium group, Now the child becomes this plus. So plus, who's the minus here? Yes, here it is minus, Chlorine, So, pull that chlorine in. So plus minus here combine. So I'll tell you its name Benzenediazonium chloride Write it down, what is here? Benzenediazonium Chloride How will you prepare benzene diazonium chloride? You will use it N₂ + HNO₂ Here, okay, HNO2 Here he comes, okay, here he is, after that N, once attached here, will become N2 CL, okay, CL, got it If it's N2 plus, I'll call CL. What will N2 CL make, leftover, now this The reaction is not overly reactive. Because if you put anything on top of it, no So it will leave, aside from N2, to its place—how? Let me tell you, nitrogen (N2) is the most abundant in your nature. Nitrogen gas is the most abundant, at 78%, because it is stable and does not readily react. If I send it here, phenol will be formed, won't it? It will be formed by itself. No, this task was not appropriate, but I've completed it anyway, Phenol. It has become nature itself, what has come out from here now, nature I am our N2 gas, what will be liberated I've already carried out the Eospe reaction for phenol. When the group comes, what will become of you? Only phenol, that's what will become of you. Will it be phenol? Okay, all right, okay, here Don't forget to hit; fitting is necessary for hitting. If it's wired, then such children, if organic, simple Let me know if you need tricks and tips I will make you videos because this The reaction will clarify many things for you. How to prepare multiple chlorobenzene from benzene from cumene to benzene sulfonic acid and finally A forest is very much your thing, right? So, watching such videos Don't forget to follow up with Atujet, thank you