Solid State 12th Chemistry || Chapter 1- Part1 Crystalline and Amorphous solid@a2zpractical991

Hello, kids, how are you all? Your tooth preparation is going very well. And you must be very immersed in your light. I took Halujan Deribetrus, who was Chemistry's number 10. This channel has all the practicals from Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. You should check out this channel. You'll get all the practicals, and as for the lectures, I've already started them this way. So you have access to all the lectures of Haluchet Derivatives. So I'm starting the next chapter Chapter Number One: Your Solid State What are we going to read today? Solid state Solids, liquids, and gases Is it solid? Is it catchable? Solid, son What is a catch? A strong intermolecular force exists. What is between one atom and another atom? It becomes highly bonded, and strong intermolecular forces are present. We will see some examples of solids. This is our solid. What is this? Solid Now, look at this solid. How does this bicycle look to you? Quite a compact structure. How is the coffee compact structure? Look here Compact structure Bakhtan Kamta. Aa If it rains, it makes me feel melancholic, that's the way I am. If I were to punish the Viscera. What is the way of the alley? Ready and fit for the fight It's saved, just like that. Those who have gone. So, for you, the higher authority is in the clause. The cow is crossing the road. Let's see some examples. What is an example? What you see is your IEC structure. You must be looking at the structure of Jevapaka's solid. What is the structure of solid? The second vaccine, you people give, look here, you must know this is diamond, that is also solid. Vaccines, next we will look at examples of liquids; you will understand what this is for you, it is a liquid. And finally, we will see an example of your gas exchange. So, you know what gas is, right? Look, it's going into the air, so what will happen to us? Thus, solid-liquid gasification is defined as such. If I tell you what happens in solid state A molecule from another molecule or an atom from another atom The Kafi Kalusalī compact will have been tied, correct? What are the methods? But you always look at Jammar Wachcha. In the liquid of Thike, the empowering ones are far and distant. And what are gases? And they are distant. What? So it's correct then? Or is it not? And what is this stray TT, oh, know the reasons? Now we will look at our next solid. Because what we have to read is solid, we have to read it solidly. The name of this chapter is Solid and State So we must read solid first So, how does a solid look? Let's go to the spot and see how solid we are. So, a solid has a definite shape and volume. What is solid? It has a definite volume. What is Solid? It has a definite shape. And what is definite? What is its volume? What is its definite shape and definite? Volume is, as you see, your solid. So this is in a shape of What is this in shape? I can make slight changes to its shape. When will I apply what pressure or temperature? If I apply temperature and pressure to this So its shape and size I can make a very slight change. So that is called a solid. We call it solid. Alright Now solids have strong intermolecular forces of attraction. You must know that solid consists of molecules. The atoms between them molecules that are Very closely and tightly packed That's why we cannot change the shape of a solid. Can be slightly changed a lot When we apply a lot of temperature and pressure, what will happen? We will apply Alright So, check this out This is your solid. Its atomic size and molecules Look at this one atom Here between one molecule and another molecule Alright So, what is this Bajikali solid of yours? A very good example, that's correct. Next, we see The small constituent particles of these various solids are atoms, ions, or molecules. Those tiny particles you're seeing What you're seeing as tiny particles These could also be yours. Ions can also exist And molecules too can exist Ions and molecules can also be present. Vaccines, Nex, come on, let's see Nex Look here, this is our solid one Look at the inner structure between them Look here, look in the middle of this solid What is Pours Fuli? It's attached. There is no room whatsoever between them. It's a very minor place. Rebels make a tacit pact with one another. Well, that's what your solid is. Is this your son? Solid Finally, we will look at some examples of children. And look, this is what has happened tochematic The tires are okay, right? The lunch boxes that are in the house Alright? The tables are set, the glasses are ready. What exactly are these basics for us? I can adjust this a little bit. What should I do with the temperature and pressure in this? I will apply it. Solid is strong due to intermolecular forces of attraction. They are looking at the atom in the middle. Looking in between them Very strong intermolecular forces of attraction Look how the Titri band looks So, what's the practical variety of guard? There are two types, so let's go ahead and tell which two types they are—comment in the solid-lined comment box below. And one more thing, the ship, if you like this video Meaning, if you like this video, please like this video. Connect with people so that I can get motivation for you Come on, let's make lots of fun videos like this one What is our two types, one is our crystalline Solids and the other one among our beta what is it amorphous Solids, the second, what are we? Amener first solid, okay. Second, what do we have in amorphous solids? So, foam, we have I want to go to the bank and get a superior cash loan. that the one who was under the Eo criteria due to kick was happy, and the arrangement for the spring season spices Now, what is this regular and periodic arrangement? Let's see it here. This is an example of your crystalline solid. Look here, one molecule to another, look, this is yours, above one molecule Alright, whatever it is, it's arranged in a regular way, periodically, it's arranged. What do you call this, bita, crystalline solid What exactly is the point of this? They have long-range order. Now, look at this long-range order. Make the first one properly, then make the second one properly as well, the third one is also good, and the fourth one too. And it exhibits a long-range order. Above one another, below one another What exactly happens to them so well? It is an attachment, okay Third point, crystalline solid have a sharp melting point, now look here The attachment they have is extremely sharp. One below, one, one below If it is an attachment, then what is its melting point? When we start melting them So, the heat will be transferred very well. From one molecule to another molecule In the middle, okay, that's why they have a sharp melting point, meaning if its melting point It's 110, so 110 comes out, okay? It does not melt at different temperatures; its melting point Next point, the crystalline substance exhibits anisotropy effects, properties such as refractive index, thermal and electrical conductivity are different when we are measured in a different way direction, anisotropic effects What is it, I'm making it clear to you I'll do it, okay, you just 2 minute dry, I'll show you this in the next slide I'll tell you, okay, first take a look at anisotropic What does the effect indicate, that the crystalline solid It happens, he shows the anisotropic property. effects that do what the show does, anisotropic effects, anisotropic effects, there is no such thing as a jritam here, like the refractive index, thermal conductivity, Alright, electrical conductivity, all of this is in it What is it, what differs, when we look at it What do they do, in different directions? I'm measuring. What did I promise you? I'll tell you what isotropics and isotropics are. Vaccines? Just wait a bit, a few minutes. Vaccines? That's it for you. Just remember this for now: what does crystalline substance do? It performs isotropic effects. Isotropic effects mean that its thermal conductivity will be... I'll prove it to you, I promise. When you're two met, you're crystal clear. But look at your example—crystalline, what kind of example is that? Your example is this ice salt lamb, clearly. You see. Stalin, hold on a second. embarrassed, I'm going to move this a bit lower here. Wait a minute, what happened? It's not going to come off, is it? It's stuck right here. So that it becomes easy for me to administer the vaccine, and to check the back, now we will see what to look for in the children. What is Amarpad NAD two? Odo thē the goal is to understand water Such a protective video is not at all scary, not at all scary. Tvar Estgi, what is the meaning, do you know? What should I tell you What is a shaw? But my respect is due Is it glass, this pain? Now I'll just put it on, okay, I'll fix it on the window When I perform the major technical assessment of this after 10 years or perhaps after 5 years, won't I? So this lower one won't become a technician, nor will it grow. So he's not seeing Fred again, it'll grow bigger. And the one above will appear slightly smaller to you. So, what's this, Vishwar? Haven't you seen the Twitter tweet? Supercritical fluid means the atoms, ions, and molecules inside it What is it? They stay in a little bit of movement, a slight flow—what exactly is this flow? Which side flows? The side they keep sticking to, which is why I feel the glass is placed that way. 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These will be properly installed at the lower site. And will shift down along with the below one Then, when later I measure its thickness Then he will come more. What will come? More will come. That is what they call super coiled liquid. Super Coiled Liquid Amarphus Solid Neer Nirashak will be solid. Now he's a super coiled liquid. Just dumped anywhere. What does "arangement" mean? Is it proper arrangement? But its meaning is not lost; it has been preserved somewhere, surely. So, the arrangement of an amorphous solid is irregular, like a disordered pattern. This is a necklace. What will be your Amrfus Swald shoulder, what does it contain? Who are the ones who call you by your names? Look, this has become its constituent; the neighbor is coming. This is its neighbor, that one is his neighbor. What is this? It's randomly arranged, placed anywhere. Next, we will see Next we see that the particles do not have long-range order. That's why they have short-range order. Now look, look, it was arranged like this before Later, there is nothing below it. There is nothing below B. What is the arrangement? It's scattered. It is not a proper arrangement, nor is it a long-range arrangement. Maybe the molecules are well adhered below. But the subsequent molecules won't adhere properly. I would like to inform you of this There might be such an arrangement. A setup like that And wherever such an arrangement takes place So, we call this long-range order. Not in the arrangement of particles Look, the two orders were correct, but after that, things went wrong. So, what do we call this? short-range order What do children say about this short-range order? How is the order? short-range order You know, what was it like here? Look, what was the arrangement like? The lines were perfectly arranged, and it just went on like that. But is there any proper arrangement here? No, they have a short-range order. Next, let's see Next point amorphous solutes do not have sharp melting point It is not properly arranged anymore. Molecules are not even scattered here and there. The melting point of these will be It will not be sharp anymore because whenever we When we look at the heat, it will go that way. Some of those molecules will go toward heating. Something will go over there to heat up, right? Let's move on to the next point. Please pay close attention to the next point here. Please pay close attention to the next point here. These solids are isotropic. How was yours? Anisotropics and how are you doing? Isotropic means properties such as refractive index, thermal conductivity What is all this, what is all this? I mean, no matter where you measure it from, it'll be the same. So what will be everyone's value? It will be the same. You should measure from the x direction, should you Measure in the y direction, the value of all of them is yours. What will be given? The same thing that will be given. So this isotropic effect shows up, and how is it? What does it show? Anisotropic effect I have now promised you that I will tell you what I will tell you. What is isotropic effect and what is anisotropic effect? First, let's crack it open once and for all Let's revise, crystalline Speak quickly, the one who is ours, crystalline solid, which is ours It is a crystalline solid, what does it look like? Tell me, crystalline solid that belongs to us Its melting point is around 100 degrees Celsius. The melting point will never come, okay? What is this? Anisotropic Effects What does this say, Anisochroic? FX...? And what does this have to do with Sago? Isotrex Affects What Does It Do After Anything Page I Forget Pepet Chumay tells you here, in the PELKX WAI, you will get these SP Effects dunnies The starting point of the tropic sea tells us what we have seen in the world Oh, sorry, I forgot to take this one, example Exactly, what's the example of this? Glass plastic rubber and top But let's see, but we have the tropical effect and the iso-tropical effect You will notice that when you see these anisotropic effects and what is isotropic effect First, the Isotropics effect, okay? What does "tropics" mean? Direction What does "Prapik" mean, Direction Alright direction And anisotropic means Not the same Same! No He gives a leg. So, the one whose direction is not the same What do we call that in English? Anisotropic effect And isotropic means, isotropic means If it's the same same direction, then okay, let me tell you what this is. Alright, listen carefully. You people, look here now. Which properties are included in Iso Tropic Effect? Refractive index, thermal conductivity, heat, etc. When I went in this direction, I didn't find any Malicious here, just like if I pass the light from here, the light will go through the entire place, making everything light up, so here the value will be separated, and from here I'll pass. I will do it, so do it, if I have it here nearby Looking at the plants and saying "come on" What was given to you, O you who are being pulled by the thread of fate? is that what happens here at Huberg's site property I'm not talking about the same direction Measure it in any direction. So what value will everyone get? The same one will be received. whether the refractive index is Refractive index, measure it from here, measure it from here The value that will be given to both of them will be the same as what you will receive. But here, the more different directions you measure from, the more different values you'll get, right? Okay, let's go. Isotropic means same direction; "iso" means same, and "tropic" means direction. No matter which direction you measure in, you'll get the same value—just check it out. For instance, if I go from here, or go from here, then some of them What will happen to the molecules, it will collide with this, okay, so the same value will appear here as appears here, and whatever appears here, then however many directions It's different here, the value is different. Here, all your large molecules are coming in, so what will the value be here? What value will come in every direction, what will be different, I think I've given my best to you Tell you what, those Tis Anisyo Tropical Track and those Tis I Tropical Track, you see them, you're seeing them right here. That's the T.I. S. O. morphism and the C. I. S. O. morphism. This is a very important question, what is it? Isomorphism and pedigree chart. It indicates that we are the first generation, and for several times, the offspring are the most suitable for the purpose of selection. And when the wind and waves rise, what becomes of your palace, O Lord of the palace? If both crystals have the same structure, we will call it isomorphism. Look, if you don't understand, I'll show you clearly—I'll explain it to you thoroughly. Chemical composition has the same atomic ratios If you don't understand, just look at Prizan from Dihana. What is the ratio of N? What is the ratio of self? And what is the ratio of F? Van or Pake Torné's ratio Let's check its ratio. MG It is in the ratio of MG 2. And, O, how many of ours... And one minute At that time, the ratio of MG 1 main O, O how many times is the ratio of ours? Chemical composition Like Naf, MgO taken What is our chemical composition? So, if taken in a 1:1 ratio, check in what the second one is also. One ratio one, these two things are What is this isomorphism of ours? What are both of these isomorphisms? Their structures are also the same. The atomic ratio is also the same. The chemical ratio of both has been determined. It's the same for both of them. Look over there, some people are coming. What is given? And what else did you take? CaBO3 Let's see. clinical composition They are the same. In the ratio of sodium one Nitrogen is also present in the fibers of Varn, and oxygen in what ratios? The ratios of these three are as follows. Look.. Calcium is in his veins. That's right.. even its carbon is in your ratio of varan And but oxygen in what ratio to you, in a three-to-one ratio? So, look, what is the chemical composition and atomic ratio of both, approximately? What do you mean by "laga-bhaag"? What is common here between both? It's the same. Okay? So, such a compound is called an isomorphism. So, when two or more, what will you write? when two or more substances having the same crystal structures or the same atomic ratio What will be the atomic ratio of the chemical composition? It will remain the same. So, we call this isomorphism; what do we call this, us? Isomorphism, look, the ratio of both is approximately the same; look, this is one ratio one. And how much is yours too, in mg, also in the ratio of one? Now we will look at our next topic, polymorphism. What will we look at? polymorphism, so what is polymorphism? A single substance exists in more than two ratios; a single substance exists in two or more forms. What is this called? Polymorphism. What do we call this? polymorphism, then if a single substance has two or more forms, crystals will form, so that is called what? polymorphism, for example now crystals form, let me tell you, just look, the way your Carbon exists in three forms. What are the three? What are the forms? Diamond, graphite, and fullerene, aren't they? Three forms, such structures fall under polymorphism. But he'll be a little late, okay, fine, so you I understand that if a single substance, if There will be three different forms of a single substance, two or more forms will exist, Not only three, but two or more forms will exist, and we will refer to this as such. polymorphism, what shall we say? polymorphism, and isomorphism what occurs? two, two or more substances having the same crystal structure, look, What are two substances with the same crystal structure? atomic ratio is present here; what occurs in polymorphism is single A crystal can have two or more forms, and a single crystal can also have two or more forms. It's called polymorphism, right? Let's go, what do we call this? Polymorphism. What do you call this? Polymorphism, for example, look at this, the one We have calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate is also known as calcite are, there are two forms of it, where from Krishnal's What are the forms? There is one called Calkite, and the other is Aragonite, Dheke, what is your calcium carbonate? There are two forms, and calcium carbonate is one of your crystals. You have Alpha Quark, Beta Quark, and Crystal Byte Alright, so in your case, mine In polymorphism, what are you telling me about aldehyde, single crystals? There will be many forms, so These are three forms of silica. And if you need that part of it If you want to see the structure, go ahead and see it, see it Here's yours, Crystal Byte, this is Alpha Core, and what is this, your Beta Core? It looks like that kind of thing Alright, let's go. Now we will look at the next point. What is called the polymorphism occurring in an element? Allotropy Now, the polymorphism we have also acts within elements. These will all be our compounds. What became silica, what became calcium carbonate—these will be our compounds. Now, you must know what our elements are. Those who will be our carbon, will be silicon. Silicon will be, germanium will be, All 118 elements present are predictable to us. This gives us our elements. So, what do we find inside elements regarding our polymorphism? So show me exactly Our alloy top performs polymorphism within these two elements. Because if it is found in the element, it should have two more pheno forms. Because tell me your best element, because it contains carbon Carbon has three forms, and one of them is also our Allo Top. Tell me which three forms there are. diamond, graphite, and fullerene Come on So, if polymorphism comes inside elements So, he only shows one Alero Top, so tell me which three Alero Tops are there for carbon? diamonds, graphite, and fullerene Alright, so these are the these are the allotropy of what Carbon These are the allotropes of what? Carbon Alright Alright, kids, I've explained all these things to you. Come on Now, right here, I'll make you do exactly what I want. I'll reset it for you once. Alright What should I do to you, huh? I'm resetting the queue. We have encountered two types of solids. One crystalline and one amorphous What is a crystalline solid? Look here, right here It has a regular and periodic arrangement. Alright They have long-range order. A crystalline solid has a sharp melting point. Alright This induces an anisotropic effect. exerts effects So, which properties are included in this? like refractive index, thermal conductivity Alright and electrical conductivity What is this? If we measure from any direction Measure from different directions And I have already told you this. What are its examples? ice, salt, diamond Alright These are the crystalline solids. What in amorphous How are you feeling, amorphous? a supercooled liquid exists Alright The particles that follow as a consequence of this In amorphous solids Alright They are randomly arranged. Wherever they were arranged Alright that then particles It has There is no long-range order. short-range order exists The one that melting point is What is it? It is not sharp. And why is that? It displays the property. Meaning Why does the Kyesa effect show? isotropic in and isotropic effect What did I tell you? You can move it in any direction. Measure it. Will you please take the major? You will make the major from the lady. Lagbhor will come with all the valuable ones. You're welcome. Come on next The ones that are examples of it glass, plastic, rubber are wire This is me giving it to you isotropic and anisotropic He had told me about it. what is isotropic and What is anisotropic? Alright Something like this It was a diagram. I had shown it. that if you are leaving from here Will you measure? So you think A type of element attached Alright Measure from here So small elements Are being received Measure from here So, any elements It hadn't been found either. From which direction You will do it. Such morphisms are called poly morphisms, So why do I hear such morphine in profection and more substances Growing heavier and heavier, one more Kistler Christmas is Christmas Eve. It happens at the time of the wedding ceremony, during the Prastha stage, it is very auspicious. Look at all this, next we've fallen down here polymorphic's, polyorphic's me What is the form of the main single crystal? hot, single crystal in many forms subsequence for polymorphic's Exactly. So I've also given an example. Yant calls in to a calcium incorporated Kithan, Kantis, and Aridronite His name is Jathan, Aridronite Two types of factories. Industries such as We people, once we get hold of Silicra, Silicra comes in three forms. Alpha Coz, Beta Coz, Cristello Byte, after that we are not told Polymorphism also exists in our element. What do elements do for us, anyway? Element is one of our elements. Elements also sleep on our elerotops. It also comes within our polymorphism. As our carbon The three allotropes of carbon are: Carbon, graphite, and fullerenes Carbon is also showing three forms, just like that. So what will happen to us too? Colly morphism These were some things that we people did. I've finished the chapters here. So if you're liking this video, please So please share with people So that I can get motivated So many videos made for you So thank you for watching the video Please share with people So that I can get motivated