【王維洛專訪】中國水庫誘發滑坡的事情是經常發生的，這次紅旗特大橋垮塌，像官方說的是滑坡造成的，但這個滑坡是由於雙江口水水庫蓄水誘發滑坡，最後導致了橋樑的倒塌……

According to reports on the afternoon of November 11 2025 the National Highway 317 located within the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir's inner area The Malcom City Hunchback Bridge collapsed and videos of the collapse have surfaced online drawing external attention A mainland media outlet reported that the disaster which could have caused significant casualties was avoided due to the early discovery of the danger 24 hours in advance and the implementation of traffic control The report calls it a tragic struggle between human engineering wisdom and nature This Chinese news reporter interviewed Dr Wang Weiluo a renowned environmental ecology and water conservancy engineering expert living in Germany Hello Dr Wang according to mainland media because the danger was detected 24 hours in advance and traffic control was implemented ultimately there were zero fatalities Officially the main cause of the bridge collapse was a landslide What is your view on the bridge collapse incident We encountered a concept here called reservoir-induced landslide Before reservoir-induced landslide We have all probably encountered a concept called reservoir-induced earthquakes After the construction of the Hoover Dam in the United States the height of the dam exceeded the 100-meter threshold This was a major engineering leap After the completion of the Hoover Dam an earthquake of more than 5 points occurred in the reservoir area of the Hoover Dam At this point people looked back A large dam was built in Greece and an earthquake that occurred after the reservoir was filled exceeded five times Then in 1962 an earthquake of 6.1 magnitude some say 6.2 occurred in Xin Fengjiang Guangdong China Then the dam developed cracks at that time In the Xin Fengjiang area there are no records of earthquakes It's not that there have never been earthquakes but there are no records in history Then in 1965 an earthquake of magnitude 6.5 occurred in Koyilandy India A 5-magnitude earthquake also occurred at the Aswan Dam in Egypt Earthquakes in India during the planning of reservoir dams This area has never experienced an earthquake or a fault which drew the attention of UNESCO In 1970 UNESCO organized an expedition The topic of seismic phenomena related to large reservoirs They organized several international conferences At the conferences this term emerged which is "reservoir-induced seismicity" This concept of reservoir-induced landslides that we are using now was first proposed by several scientists from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Published in the Journal of Engineering Geology in 2022 "Spatiotemporal Distribution Patterns of Reservoir-Induced Landslides in the Xiluo Duku Area of the Jinsha River" The article "Susceptibility Studies" was first formally cited defining its subject as July 27 2013 A major landslide occurred at the Xiluodu Reservoir on the Jinsha River This news was not reported in China at the time Some scientists were also conducting research then He did not use the concept of reservoir -induced landslides but instead used the concept called reservoir lake effect The two concepts are the same That was in 2024 I once wrote an article titled "The Devil of Geological Disasters" It has already been let out of the bottle Regarding the statements made by these experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences at that time Introduction has been made to the concept of reservoir-induced landslides Then according to this article introduced by Chinese scientists he says that China's earliest reservoir-induced landslides were It was in March and June 1961 at Zixi Reservoir in Hubei Province that reports said 40 people died This subsequent memory article states that nearly 100 people died but the news did not report it There is a well-known Chinese economist named Yu Guangyuan and in his memoirs He said that a few hours before the landslide at the reservoir he was just visiting the Zixi Reservoir with then regional party secretary of Zhangde Then a few hours after leaving the Zixi Reservoir the landslide occurred The landslide occurred This is the earliest recorded landslide in China Then more than two years later a notable landslide occurred in Italy's Vajont Dam The technology used to build the Vajont Dam was highly advanced After a landslide occurred at this dam the landslide mass slid into the reservoir squeezing all the water out of the reservoir Beyond this dam then rushed towards the downstream of the dam flooding two towns downstream killing more than 2000 people The dam was basically undamaged Then after the accident the Italian government abolished the dam Why Because of respect for the dead After the accident The Italian court system has pursued legal criminal charges against the relevant officials several people have been sentenced I think the Italian government's approach to this matter is something that Chinese people should take as a lesson What were the causes of the accident And more than ten years later they invited a group of American experts to form a special investigation team to investigate the causes of the accident Demonstrating the neutrality and independence of this accident investigation The second one The person responsible for the accident was dealt with through legal channels The third one The government has strengthened its regulation of engineering consulting advisors and established a lifelong accountability system for expert advisory services unlike the Three Gorges Dam project in China which was approved by the National People's Congress and where people's congress representatives are exempt from liability The fourth point is that even though the Vajont Dam did not collapse the Italian government still abandoned the reservoir as a reminder for people to remember this lesson forever At that time a famous Austrian geologist said that the event at the Waya Reservoir fully demonstrated humanity's ignorance and arrogance towards nature In China After the self-inspection reservoir triggered a landslide a major landslide occurred in the new beach area of the Xiling Gorge on the Yangtze River This landslide buried all the people of Xin Tan The Xin Tan landslide was caused by the creation of the Gezhouba Reservoir downstream and it was basically meaningless Everyone acknowledges that the construction of the Gezhouba Reservoir downstream raised the water level and triggered the Xintan landslide but the consequences of the Xintan landslide The views of the two factions the Three Gorges Project supporters and the Three Gorges Project opponents this is what the people who pushed for the Three Gorges Project said after the construction of the Three Gorges Project The reservoir's surface became wider The landslides triggered in the Three Gorges reservoir area later It will not cause the phenomenon of blocking the Yangtze River navigation channel It is a positive evaluation But the Three Gorges Project opponents say that after the water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir is raised it will trigger numerous landslides in the Three Gorges reservoir area Especially some of the original ancient landslides In the river valley area especially those settlements in the river valleys of western China agricultural areas they are basically built on ancient landslides everyone has seen the same thing But your position is different so your explanation is different This opinion of the Three Gorges Project opponents is that after the reservoir is created more landslides will occur On June 1 2003 the Three Gorges Reservoir reached an elevation of 135 meters and the trial operation for power generation and navigation began The water level has risen by nearly 43 meters On July 13th At a location about 40 kilometers away from the Three Gorges Dam in the Three Gorges Reservoir area A landslide occurred at Tianjiangping This landslide was not reported at the time About five years later around 2008 Chinese scientists finally studied the landslide at Tianjiangping Research conducted on it as a subject led to the conclusion that the Tianjiangping landslide is not ancient landslide but a newly formed one The main reasons for its occurrence are two The first is the water storage of the Three Gorges Reservoir which raises the water level The second is rainfall Since the Three Gorges Project was put into operation in 2003 The landslides in the Three Gorges reservoir area have been continuous For example let's take a few examples It was the 2008 Wushan landslide In 2009 a landslide occurred in Yunyang In 2009 a landslide occurred again in Osan In 2009 a landslide occurred in Dae-dong A landslide occurred again in 2011 In 2014 a landslide occurred in Hubei's Guibi In 2015 another landslide happened in Wushan Chongqing In 2019 In 2021 a landslide occurred in Hubei 's Guigui In 2023 a landslide occurred in Wushan Chongqing In 2024 another landslide occurred in Hubei's Guigui These are just my own statistics This is just a small part of the landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir area Then in 2024 there was heavy rain in the Three Gorges Reservoir area At that time the famous CCTV host Bai Yansong conducted an interview with the vice director of the Chongqing Municipal Flood Control and Drought Relief Command asking him to explain how Chongqing was dealing with this flood Then the vice director said at that time There are 14 000 landslide risk points in the Chongqing reservoir area He said that was his biggest concern Actually the Chongqing municipal government fully knows where these points are but does not move these people in advance Why does the Chongqing municipal government have to pay when he moves them in advance If it waits until the heavy rain comes or the water level rises When the landslide was about to happen he rushed to save them After saving them you don't need to come back What is this He thought it was a natural disaster The people should just let it go If it's a natural disaster you have to pay for the move yourself He already tore down the house here Rebuilding the house is your own matter That's the difference He intentionally didn't move He wasn't unaware He knew he was talking about the Chinese reservoir Landslides are a frequent occurrence A mainland media outlet referred to the Hong Teqi Bridge as being built to avoid the high water level of the hydropower station's dam The 317 National Highway realignment was forced to be elevated and the bridge site is located in a broken geological area with dense fractures and the bridge site is also on an old landslide deposit The construction disrupted the original geological balance What do you think of this claim On November 16 a Chinese麒麟 satellite released information It flew over the Shuangjiangkou Hongqi Special Bridge The satellite image of the collapsed section shows that based on the analysis of the photo the location of the Hongqi Bridge was chosen on an old landslide area When the bridge collapsed This ancient landslide has slid into the reservoir area and also confirmed that this location at the bridgehead has a high water content The Dadu River is one of China's 13 hydropower bases If the Yarlung Tsangpo River is added China will have a total of 14 hydropower bases There are a total of 28 reservoir dams on the Dadu River The Shuangjiangkou Reservoir is the key reservoir among them Its dam height is 315 meters The height of the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River is 180 meters 315 meters is the tallest dam in the world It is said that this construction of the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir project is The main goal is power generation and flood control but its real purpose is the Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project but it is not yet written on paper Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project It is from the upper reaches of the Jinsha River The total annual water transfer volume is not yet finally determined but the minimum transfer volume is 17 billion cubic meters per year and the maximum transfer volume will exceed 30 billion cubic meters per year The upper reaches of the Jinsha River Yalong River and Dadu River all have a dragon head reservoir The upper reaches of the Jinsha River have the Yeba Tan Reservoir The dam height is 217 meters The Yalong River has the Two Rivers Reservoir above it The Dadu River has the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir above it Now we understand Why is the height of the Jiangkou Reservoir dam 315 meters It is mainly to raise the water level which helps the river water of the Dadu River flow through a tunnel in the mountains into the Yellow River The dual river reservoir dam project was supposed to be completed when the C35 plan ended but I don't know why he postponed the plan to the C45 plan It will end at the end of 2025 According to the current progress it is impossible to complete the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir Dam project by 2025 But they hope that the first power generation unit of Shuangjiangkou Reservoir will be put into operation by the end of 2025 on May 1 2025 Shuangjiangkou Reservoir was completed The water level of the reservoir has risen by more than 80 meters So we need to know the Three Gorges Project's water level rose from 135 meters to 175 meters an increase of 40 meters It took seven years to complete and by May 1st the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir had raised its water level by 80 meters From photos in the Sichuan News at that time we can see The Hongqi Super Bridge is already submerged under the reservoir water level The lower part of the main bridge pile is already submerged under the reservoir water level Shuangjiangkou Reservoir from October 10th Some say it started on October 14th The water level in the second phase of reservoir filling continues to rise According to an article from "The Paper" titled The collapse of the Hongqi Super Large Bridge in Shuangjiangkou Aba Prefecture After the reservoir of Shuangjiangkou was filled with water a slope layer behind Laizhaizi village collapsed that is the local area These migrants from Shuangjiangkou Reservoir After the reservoir was filled with water they discovered the old village this slope failure occurred and this article from The Paper news It also mentioned that the water level of the Shuangjiangkou Reservoir has dropped which contradicts the rising water level mentioned in its title it is a contradiction everyone thought the reservoir's water level had risen High water levels can easily trigger landslides A French scientist conducted research when the water level in a reservoir drops rapidly it can also trigger earthquakes The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake triggered by the Zipingpu Reservoir was because the Zipingpu Reservoir had previously rapidly raised its water level Then the small earthquakes occurred frequently Then the reservoir management department quickly lowered the water level again That was when the earthquake occurred And this earthquake at the Zipingpu Reservoir triggered a major earthquake along the Longmen Mountain fault which is known as the Wenchuan earthquake So we can clearly know The authorities in charge of Shuangjiangkou Reservoir had already known the risk of reservoir-induced landslides before November 11 so their measure was to lower the water level But at this time a slope failure occurred According to meteorological reports there had been heavy rainfall in the Shuangjiangkou reservoir area in previous days so they met two conditions The video from that time shocked the world We can clearly see that the main bridge piles of the Hongqi Super Bridge are already submerged under the reservoir water and the last section of this fault zone The reservoir water entered the reservoir So we can clearly say This time the Hongqi super bridge collapse The official statement says it was caused by this landslide But this landslide was caused by reservoir filling Reservoir-induced landslide caused the collapse of this bridge