Lecture 13 : Green Manufacturing

[Music] good afternoon everyone uh welcome to the NP Ms course uh titled carbon accounting and sustainable designs in product life cycle management I'm Dr Deepa Philip and I'm from I kpur and along with me in this course uh we the two other coin instructors Dr amand deep Singh auy and Dr prel Pratap Singh all three of us put together are teaching this course and uh we have gone through many topics so far uh and we understood what is productivity what is sustainability what is global warming potential greenhouse gas emissions ghg and we also learned what is what's a carbon credit what's a carbon footprint uh and how do do you calculate uh carbon dioxide equivalence emission Stuff Etc in the previous lecture and now as part of the syllabus now we are moving to a new topic which is called as green manufacturing if you see the slides and what we are doing is we are focusing on automobiles Okay the reason we are focusing on automobiles is because there's lot of work being done in this area so let us start by understanding some things so one important thing that we should understand is green manufacturing is actually a strategic priority for many of the companies and why the number one reason is environmentally benign environmentally benign b n n GN benign manufacturing environmentally benign manufacturing environmentally non-damaging manufacturing is is one of the industries greatest strategic challenges strategic challenges so what we are saying here is if you can manufacture something without harming the environment environmentally benign manufacturing is no harm to the environment okay that's one of the greatest strategic challenges so there is two aspects to this one is the engineering perspective okay the other one is business and marketing perspective business and marketing perspective okay so two two aspects to this so what some of those business and marketing perspective should be cognizant or aware should be cognizant of ongoing overseas Europe Japan Etc overseas environmental regulation environmental regulations so we should be cognizant of overseas environmental regulations like Europe has Euro 6 emission regulations Japan has new green tax recycling Norms Etc so we should be aware of that should be cognizant of this also you should be aware of the growing consumer demand consumer demand uh for a new generation of for a new generation of new generation of environmentally [Music] environmentally friendly products friendly products so the consumer demand it's a growing consumer demand the consumer demand is growing for a new generation of environmentally friendly products also should understand the consumers responds to such products so is one is the demand and how do they respond to those products that also one should be understand now the other thing is you should also be aware of the notion that green products and production techniques are competitive weapons okay the green products and production techniques are competitive weapons some examples of this is Tesla then Toyota Mirai that's the hydrogen car okay Etc so you can see how the green products and production techniques are competitive weapons how can you actually get more Market out of it tataa is an example of this tata's electric cars now okay but this is uh important point but okay many manufacturers many man manufacturers especially smaller ones ignore B environmental concerns environmental concerns of government and consumers so many of this small manufacturer especially the smaller ones they don't pay much attention to the environmental concerns of the government and consumers this is common across all place whether it is United States whether it is India this phenomena is usually quite common all right now let us go to the next tile is and let's talk about the definition of the green manufacturing how do we Define green manufacturing so let's first talk about the popular definition okay the most popular definition that's people use this to prevent pollution and save energy save energy through how do you save that through the discovery through the discovery and development of and development through the discovery and development of development of what of new knowledge new knowledge that reduces that reduces and or eliminates reduces and or eliminates the use the use or generation of hazardous substances assard substances in the design design manufacturing design manufacture and application and application of products or process so what they're saying is that to main focus is the popular definition is to prevent pollution and save energy this is the number one and number two Focus okay so the focus of the one is one and two focus is prevent pollution and save energy and how do you do that that is the Discovery and development of new knowledge okay that reduces and or eliminates the use or use or generation of hazardous substances in the design manufacture and application of products or process so that are the two aspects of the popular definition however the definition provided by uh definition during uh Clinton's Administration the Bill Clinton the American president uh he was also a champion of environmental and green manufacturing Etc so they at the his time he created or he Champion day definition which is more relevant in this Regard in my opinion reduces human and ecology iCal risks eological risks enhances cost effectivess [Music] improves process efficiency process efficiency and creates creates products and processes products and processes processes that are that are environmentally environmentally beneficial or benign b e n i GN Bai so what the definition was it is the reduce the human and ecological risk that's the number one and enhances cost Effectiveness okay that's the number two and number three is improve process efficiency and what it does is in that process you create products and processes that are environmentally benefit faal orbite it doesn't harm the uh so this definition is easier to quantify and compare okay so that was some of the main observation of this definition followed by that is used in the during the time of Clinton administration so continuing what the application areas of G green manufacturing main application areas of green manufacturing so number one where are many of these things gets applied one number one is lean manufacturing so that is the number one is pay attention to the waste generated along the way along the process okay that's number one second part is energy energy reduction energy reduction using streamlined Logistics okay by streamlining the logistics you are reducing the energy then the other part is materials Reuse Recycling you are reusing the materials or recycling the materials then design and Manufacturing the design of the product itself start following the green manufacturing philosophies and also the manufacturing of the product continue this then green plastics okay that means they are biodegradable okay use of green plastics that are biodegradable then in the product design focal point is on use of recycled materials and design for service assembly and recycling then another part is green chemistry what do you mean by Green chemistry here okay that is includes avoidance of toxins okay toxic material should be avoided harmless solvents so like solvents Etc that are used for paintings and also other one is solvents there usually very harmful to the environment so solventless Technologies that's also another aspect of green chemistry so that's also one focal point then what it is is semiconductor and electronics and electronics so that is also another big polluting industry or whether and man harmful more B benign more benign manufacturing process okay so that is also one other so if you look into this all these various aspects the lean manufacturing is one aspect where you pay attention to the waste that is generated along the process and reduce the energy using the Streamline Logistics that's two aspects of lean man manfacturing reuse and recycle of materials is another place where the green manufacturing is applied in design and Manufacturing it is overall okay overall you focus on it then green plastics if you use biodegradable Plastics then that is better to that because otherwise the plastic doesn't get biodegradable in the product design if you use recycled materials more then that is good also you do design for service assembly and recycling that means even if you are doing assembly design for assembly then you may require only less materials similarly green chemistry where you avoid the toxins you avoid harmless solvent or you develop harmless solvents or you develop solventless Technologies and semiconductor and electronics where it's one of the most harmful industry you use more benign manufacturing process so all these are applications of the green manufacturing now in the automotive thing we have mentioned that we would actually be talking more about the automotive okay so today an application we are going to discuss is the vehicle redesign okay the vehicle redesign initiative that was championed at some point and that has caused to many of the new things that we see in the automotive industry now including electric car so a what do you call as a car efficiency Revolution this was the initially the word that was used used so the initial thought process was the car efficiency Revolution that could that could move the world beyond the world Beyond oil is is is in the making as Auto makers shift to light lighter weight materials lighter weight materials sleer aerodynamics hybrid electric propulsion propulsion and non petroleum petroleum fuels so this is something that was discussed by AB Armory B lens of the Rocky Mountain Institute Rocky Mountain Institute okay so the car efficiency Revolution that actually moves the world Beyond oil and people are focusing on that he said it in a long time ago as automaker shift to lighter weight materials sleer aerodynamics better aerodynamics hybrid and electric propulsion and non- petroleum fuel okay and many of them are actually being achieved at this point so the idea was that recognition or understanding that okay this is critical recognition or understanding that what is understanding transportation is key to Greening Global Industries so we are saying that if you want to Green the global Industries transportation is the key okay two most energy consuming energy [Music] consuming activities in USA are number one building HVAC HVAC stands for heating ventilation air conditioning okay number two is transport Road Transportation so us recognized that heating ventilation and air conditioning and Road Transportation are the two most energy consuming activities of United States then other thing is transportation consumes consumes much of the Earth's resources Earth's resources okay so one thing until until now automobile automobile industry was the largest economic activity activity after agriculture okay automotive industry was the largest economic activity after agriculture in dollars or in value okay it is now passed by electronics Industry okay so in a electronic industry is now in the term of value it is more okay but automobile Remains the largest in terms of material consumption materials consumption so what we are saying here is that in dollar terms in value electronic industry is bigger than autom mobile industry now but automobile industry Remains the largest when we talk about the material consumption so in this process we have seen now that the transportation is very important or key to Green the global Industries and the US recognizing the fact that heat building or the the each building the hbac the heating ventilation a conditioning of the building and Road Transportation are the two most energy consuming activities and Transportation consumes much of the Earth Resources and automobile industry being the largest e economic activity after agriculture but now in the time of value the electronic industry has surpassed it but automobile industry continues to be the largest in terms of material consumption so what does all of this implies need of a fundamental change need of a fundamental change in vehicle design manufacture and use so because of the transportation and its Associated use of resources and how automobile industry being the largest in terms of material usage and other things there is a need of a fundamental change in the design of the vehicle the manufacturer of it and the usage of the vehicle fine so this is the basic aspects the premises of green manufacturing and the vehicle read design uh Concepts that uh is the foundation for this uh topic what we are going to discuss now about the Automotive Green manufacturing and we will start with the partnership of new generation Vehicles pngv project that started in 1993 which actually paved the way for green manufacturing the new type of vehicles Transportation the electric vehicles the hybrid cars the lightweight Vehicles better materials all those things was the foundation was uh laned by that project pngb project which actually mored into multiple things later down the road we will discuss all of that in the next class thank you very much [Music] [Music] [Music]