現在進行形について詳しく解説！進行形の概念がイメージで理解できる！

If you want to understand the progression of English, you have to understand the concept of progression properly. Hello everyone. I'm Roy Nishizawa, an English doctor. On this channel, I teach you about unusual ways to study English that can easily change to difficult English. Roy-san. Yes. You explained the present tense before, but I want you to teach me about the present tense. I understand. The present tense is often translated as something. It is unreasonable to say that the present tense is translated as something. This time, I would like to explain the present tense. As I told you in the previous video, you can't understand the present tense just by thinking about it. And of course, you can't understand the present tense just by translating it into Japanese. As an English doctor, it is important to make the most of the Japanese sense that you already have. So I would like to look back on the Japanese sense. There are three ways to use the Japanese 〇している. The first is to say that you are doing it now. For example, I am reading a book now. You can say, I'm reading a book now. I don't think it's difficult. The second is to say that you are doing it repeatedly. For example, she is going to school. You can say that you are doing it. But if you say it in English, she goes to school. In other words, it becomes the present tense. This is a Japanese story. You can say that you are doing it repeatedly. In Japanese, you can say that you are doing it. But in English, the present tense is the present tense. So it becomes the present tense. And the third is the result. For example, he is dead. This is a verb that means to die. 死んでいる is the result of the verb 死ぬ. So it's completely different from 〇している. In English, he is dead. In other words, it's not a verb, it's an adjective. You can use it like that. In addition, he is sitting on a chair. In this case, there is a verb to sit. He is sitting as a result of sitting. If you say this in English, it's like he is sitting on a chair. This becomes the present tense. I'll tell you more about it later. Anyway, the first thing I want to tell you is 日本語の〇〇している It seems to be the present tense of English. It's a pretty unreasonable explanation. If you want to understand the present tense of English, you have to understand the concept of the present tense. What does the present tense mean in English? The present tense basically means it's in the middle of the action. 最中? Yes, it spreads from the word 最中. The present tense basically has three patterns. However, as I always say, don't worry about the patterns. I don't recommend learning with patterns. Because if you get the hang of it, you don't have to think, this is this pattern. For example, eggs are good. Chicken eggs can be used in various ways. Tony, can you think of how to use and eat? Boiled eggs, egg rice, fried rice, scrambled eggs, etc. That's good. Boiled eggs and scrambled eggs are like eating eggs as they are through fire. When it comes to scrambled eggs and rice, we eat them raw. And if it's omurice or katsudon, you can eat eggs with other ingredients through fire. You can also use it for frying, or mix it with the seeds of the cake. You can also use it as a side dish. Another way to use it is throwing it as a weapon. Throwing eggs. Some people might use it like that. That's right. You can use it in various ways. But no one says, there are 5 ways to use eggs. I've never thought about it. It's a natural state. Why do you say, there are so many ways to use it when you learn English? I see. We don't need that kind of classification. And I mentioned it before, What's important is the idea of Shu-Ha-Ri in martial arts. Shu means shoulder. It's the stage where you learn by protecting it. The shoulder is close to the pattern. It's just the entrance. And the next stage is Ha. You break the shoulder here. And finally, it's Ri. You leave the shoulder. You leave the pattern. You graduate. That's Ri. So things like shoulders and patterns are useful as an entrance to understanding. But if you keep the pattern in mind all the time, you won't be able to understand it deeply. I see. I think it's very easy to understand how to say, there are 3 ways to use it. Yes. And like a charismatic teacher, he explains it in an easy-to-understand way. Yes, that's right. So you might feel like you understand it, but I think it's an illusion. Of course, you can understand how to say it in an easy-to-understand way. It's a great thing if you can get rid of your bad consciousness. I think it's thanks to the charismatic teacher. But the true form of English can't be seen as long as it's classified as patterns. There is an expression called child's soul, but there are many possibilities that it is an explanation like an amateur's soul or a beginner's soul. There are quite a few incorrect explanations that are too simplified. But it's a waste to say patterns. If you can understand it sensibly, you won't need patterns. So please don't forget that. I want you to grasp it sensibly. Yes. Let's get back to the story. The basic of the progressive form is that if you dare to say it in Japanese, it's like it's in the middle. I think it's the closest to being taken as being in the middle. And if you express it with an image, I'm a language teacher, I've received an explanation from a teacher in Japan. Insect glasses. It's an image of expanding with insect glasses. It's in the middle. There is an image like insect glasses at the core, and it spreads to about three patterns. The first pattern is the most basic form of what I'm doing now. For example, I'm reading a book. They are playing basketball. They are in the middle of playing basketball. This is the most general way of using the progressive form. The act of reading a book and playing basketball has a certain amount of time. It's part of it. It's expanding with insect glasses, and it's in the middle of doing it. That's the progressive form. 2. Continuous For example, there is a verb called knock. He knocked on the door. By the way, Tony, how many times do you knock on the door? I knock on the door twice. It depends on the country, but in Western countries, there are more than three times. It's different. I knock on the door three times. The professor at the university who taught me this knocked on the door of his laboratory by students and other professors. He said he could tell if the person was Japanese or a foreigner by the number of times he knocked on the door. It's interesting that you can tell the difference. Well, let's leave it at that. If he said he knocked on the door once, he would knock on the door once, right? But what if he said he was knocking on the door? What do you think, Tony? Did he knock continuously? Not all the time, but if you look at it this way, the movement of knocking continues. If you enlarge your eyes, it feels like you have a certain amount of time. Then, the movement of knocking comes in repeatedly. That's the image. Tony, you're doing it like this. Oh, I see. This is how he was knocking on the door. I think this is similar to Japanese. It may be similar. The second pattern is that the movement of knocking continues like this. The third pattern is that the movement of knocking continues when there is a change. For example, 死ぬ means die in English. He was dying. When you say this, you can't translate it into Japanese. 死んでいる means the state of the result. From the state of being alive, to the state of being dead. The change in the state is the movement of dying. So, 死んでいる means he is dead in English. So, if you want to say 死んでいた, it becomes he was dead. It's not like that. He was dying means 死ぬ最中だ. From the state of being alive to the state of being dead. It's the change in the state. He's looking at the short time with his binoculars. In other words, he was dying. 死ぬ最中 means he was dying in English. That's right. So, in English, 進行形 means he is expanding with his binoculars. To put it simply, the first pattern is he is expanding with his binoculars in a table. The second pattern is he is expanding with his binoculars in a table. It means he is changing in the process of changing. This is the true form of 進行形 in English. It's different from the usual explanation, isn't it? Yes, it is. I divided it into patterns, but if you imagine it with binoculars, it's simple and you can understand it better. So, let's move on to the next step. Let's move on to the next step. Let's take a look at an example. The verb is 席 as an example. What does 席 mean, Tony? 座る? That's right. 席 means sitting. Let's look back at Japanese before English. 座る in Japanese means to change from standing to sitting. 座っている means the state of the result. 座っている means sitting. 座る means the state after the action. 席 means to sit. 座っている means to sit. So, it depends on the situation and the words before and after. For example, I sat next to her. In this case, 座った means to sit. I sat next to her. 私は彼女の隣に 座ったという動作ですね。 でも、例えば現在形で She sits on the board of directors. こういう風に言ったならば 座っている状態を 席は表すんです。 Board of directors 会社の経営陣として そのメンバーである。 そのメンバーとして座っている。 座るという行為ではなく 座っているという状態を 表してますね。 じゃあ、sitを進行形にしたら どういう意味になるのかというところで sit on the benchと sit down on the bench この2つを比較してみましょうか。 はい、お願いします。 まず意味が明確なのは sit down on the benchなんですよ。 まず、sit downってどういう意味ですか? 座るですか? そうです。先ほど 座るという動作も 座っているという状態も 両方表してみましたね。 sit downのようにdownを付けると 状態という線が消えて 動作ということが明確になります。 upの状態からdownの状態に 変化する形でステップする。 それがsit downということであり だから座るとか腰掛ける っていう日本語訳になるわけです。 そしてこれを進行形にして He was sitting down on the bench これでね、ご覧の皆さんも 意味がわかりますでしょうか? こう言うと、もともとね upの状態、立っている状態から downの状態、座っている状態に sit、座る、腰を掛ける という変化を表しますね。 だから、He was sitting down 変化する最中だと そういう意味になるわけですね。 3つ目の仕掛けているっていうことですね。 そうですね。腰を掛けるという 動作を拡大することで 腰を掛けている最中 座り掛けているっていう意味になる。 じゃあ、downを付けないで sitだけだったらどうなんでしょう? He was sitting on the bench トニー、どう思いますか? 胸も座り掛けている ソフトも座っている よくわかりません。 ここね、微妙だなと思う人 いるかもしれませんが 言葉って生き物だから 住み分けを行うんです。 sitという動詞を 人みたいにイメージしてほしいんですけど あ、もうここには ダウンさんが住んでいた。 じゃあ、僕はこっちに住みます。 こっちを担当しますね。みたいな感じで 住み分けを行うんです。 まさに生き物なんですね。 もしね、座り掛けているっていうことを 言いたければ be sitting downと言えばいいわけです。 だからそこは任せたよ。 だからbe sittingの方は 2番の継続の意味合いになってきます。 He is sitting on the bench これで 座っている状態が継続している 日本語に訳すならば 彼はベンチに座っている この2番の継続のパターンって 虫眼鏡で拡大することによって ある程度の 時間の幅を持つわけです。 さっきノックの場合には ノックを何回か繰り返すことによって その時間の幅を確保したようなイメージです。 それに対してsitの場合には もともと座っている状態を 表しますから その状態が継続していることを表すわけです。 ただこういうことは 単気で終わらせないでほしいです。 しっかりと感覚的に捉えてほしいです。 なぜかというと 過去形にして こう言ったら 今の2番の継続の意味合いになって 彼はベンチに座っていた ということになります。 過去のことだったら こういう言い方でもすぐかもしれないです。 そうなんですか? He sat on the bench もちろん座るというと それをしたという過去を表すわけですけど 座ってすぐ立ち上がりますね。 いや、すぐ立ち上がらないですね。 常識的に しばらく座っていますね。 そのままずっと座っているかもしれないわけです。 だから例えば He sat on the bench for hours 何時間もみたいな言葉をくっつければ 彼は何時間もベンチに座っていた ということが 別に進行形を使わなくても 過去形で表現できちゃうんですよ。 だからsitの場合に 座っていたという継続だから 進行形にしなきゃいけないみたいに 暗記はぜひしないでほしい ということなんですね。 そしてさらに現在形にして He sits on the bench for hours って言うとまた意味が変わってきます。 これだと 今座っているという意味には あまりならないですね。 He sits on the bench for hours これは現在形だから 普段するみたいな言い方になっているんですよね。 だから彼が普段そうすることがある。 彼はベンチに何時間も 座っていることが普段ある。 そういう事実を表すような意味に 変わってくるわけです。 彼が今何時間も座っているとは限らない。 でもここでsitを現在形で使ったら 今座っているわけじゃないとかって また暗記する人が出てくるんですけど そうじゃないんですよ。 例えば主語を人じゃなくて 銅像とかにしましょう。 A statue sits on this bench こういう風に言えばベンチに座っている 銅像が一つあるんだと。 そういう意味になりますから そういうことになるわけですよね。 これが言葉が生き物だってことなんですよ。 だから変にこういうパターンがあるとか こういう場合にはこうだって 暗記しちゃいけないんですよ。 ちょっと話が膨らんだというか 現在進行形の話にとどまらず 現在形とか過去形の話もしましたけれども 現在進行形だけを見ていても 現在進行形が理解できるわけではないので こうやってもうちょっと大きな視点で 見ることはとても大事なことです。 そして今出したいろんな例は 感覚的に理解できていれば 特に難しいことはないんですよ。 確かに違和感はなかったです。 そう、だから言葉として当たり前のことなんですよ。 とにかく He is sitting on the bench のように言えば2の継続っぽい意味合いになります。 そしてsit down これを進行形にして be sitting down と言うと3の仕掛けていく 変化の最中になる そういう意味合いになるということが イメージしていただけたのではないでしょうか。 ということで進行形をテーマに 伝えしてきましたけれども 基本となるイメージは虫眼鏡で拡大して そしてその動作とか の最中 こういうことを表現しているということを しっかりと感じて イメージでトライしていただければと思います。 そしていろんな英文をぜひ 味わってみてほしいんですよ。 最中、こういうことなのか 味わってみてください。 現在進行形を 今まで何々しているとか パターン分けで考えちゃってましたけど 虫眼鏡でイメージしたら 本当にシンプルに考えられて 頭にスッと入ってきました。 これからは感覚的に捉えることを 意識して現在進行形を 見ていきたいです。 今日もありがとうございました。 今日も最後まで動画をご覧いただきありがとうございました。 この動画が少しでもためになったという方は チャンネル登録、高評価、 コメントをぜひお願いします。 コメント欄にはぜひ 進行形の本当の姿に対する 感想、気づき そういったものをぜひ書き込んでいただけたら嬉しいです。 それでは次回の動画でお会いしましょう。 イングリッシュドクター西澤ロイでした。 See ya!