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The Callitrichidae (also called Arctopitheci or Hapalidae) is a family of New World monkeys, including marmosets and tamarins. At times, this group of animals has been regarded as a subfamily, called Callitrichinae, of the family Cebidae.
This taxon was traditionally thought to be a primitive lineage, from which all the larger bodied platyrrhines evolved. However, some works argue that callitrichids are actually a dwarfed lineage.
Ancestral stem-callitrichids would likely have been "normal" sized ceboids that were dwarfed through evolutionary time. This may exemplify a rare example of insular dwarfing in a mainland context, with the "islands" being formed by biogeographic barriers during arid climatic periods when forest distribution became patchy, and/or by the extensive river networks in the Amazon Basin.
All callitrichids are arboreal. They are the smallest of the simian primates. They eat insects, fruit, and the sap or gum from trees; occasionally they will take small vertebrates. The marmosets rely quite heavily on tree exudates, with some species (e.g. Callithrix jacchus and Cebuella pygmaea) considered obligate exudativores.
Callitrichids typically live in small, territorial groups of about five or six animals. Their social organization is unique among primates and is called a "cooperative polyandrous group". This communal breeding system involves groups of multiple males and females, but only one female is reproductively active. Females mate with more than one male and everyone shares the responsibility of carrying the offspring.
They are the only primate group that regularly produces twins, which constitute over 80% of births in species that have been studied. Unlike other male primates, male callitrichids generally provide as much parental care as females. Parental duties may include carrying, protecting, feeding, comforting, and even engaging in play behavior with offspring. In some cases, such as in the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), males, particularly those that are paternal, will even show a greater involvement in caregiving than females. The typical social structure seems to constitute a breeding group, with several of their previous offspring living in the group and providing significant help in rearing the young.

Игрунковые (лат. Callitrichidae) — семейство приматов, относящееся к широконосым обезьянам Нового Света. В семейство входят около 40 видов в шести родах.
Игрунковые являются наравне с карликовыми лемурами наименьшими по размерам приматами. Самые маленькие достигают величины 13 см и веса 100 г. Их наиболее заметным внешним признаком являются когти, имеющиеся на всех пальцах рук и ног за исключением больших пальцев ног. На этих пальцах у них, как у человека, имеется плоский ноготь. Учёные сходятся в том, что предки игрунковых имели плоские ногти на всех пальцах рук и ног. Шерсть этих обезьян очень мягкая и может иметь различные узоры. У некоторых видов имеются заметные пучки волос в районе мордочки, а также закрученный хвост. Хвост как правило длиннее туловища, однако в отличие от многих других видов широконосых обезьян не может использоваться для хватания.
Игрунковые обитают в тропических лесах Центральной и Южной Америки. Большинство видов живут в бассейне Амазонки.

Callitrichinae (também chamada Hapalinae) é uma subfamília de Macacos do Novo Mundo, da família Cebidae. Popularmente, são conhecidos por sagui, soim ou sauim, apesar de que para o gênero Leontopithecus, é mais comum o termo mico-leão. O polegar da mão é curto e não oponível, e todos os dedos são providos de unhas em forma de garras. O primeiro dedo do pé é oponível aos demais e possui uma unha chata. Possuem dois dentes pré-molares e três molares.

Todos são arbóreos. São os menores primatas antropóides. Alimentam-se de insetos, frutas, gomas e exsudatos, podendo também comer pequenos vertebrados, como lagartos, filhotes de pássaros e de ratos. Vivem tipicamente em pequenos grupos territoriais de aproximadamente 2 ou 8 animais. São o único grupo dos primatas que produzem regularmente gêmeos, que constituem mais de 80% dos nascimentos nas espécies que foram estudadas. Ao contrário de outros primatas, os machos fornecem geralmente tanto cuidado parental quanto as fêmeas — mais que elas em alguns casos. A estrutura social típica se constitui no casal reprodutor e sua prole. Na natureza normalmente dão à luz gêmeos, e já foi registrado em cativeiro o nascimento de trigémeos. As proles mais velhas ajudam nos cuidados com os filhotes, carregando e partilhando alimentos. São formados, em sua grande maioria, por grupos monogâmicos, apresentando apenas um casal dominante.