Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo
Augustine of Hippo (354–430) was a theologian, philosopher and bishop of Roman North Africa, and one of the most influential thinkers of Western Christianity. Born in Thagaste to a Christian mother, Monica, who prayed for him for many years, he taught rhetoric in Carthage, Rome and Milan while searching restlessly for truth. In Milan the sermons of Bishop Ambrose drew him toward the faith, and in 386, after hearing a child's voice say “take up and read,” he read from the letters of Paul and resolved to change his life. Baptized by Ambrose in 387, he returned to Africa and around 396 became bishop of Hippo, serving until his death. His Confessions, with its prayer “our heart is restless until it rests in you,” and The City of God remain classics of Christian thought, and Catholic tradition honors him as a Doctor of the Church.
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Western Philosophy from Augustine to Kant
Augustine of Hippo drew on Platonic philosophy to frame Christian thought, and Thomas Aquinas later united Christian theology with the philosophy of Aristotle. In the seventeenth century, René Descartes made methodical doubt the starting point of modern philosophy, Blaise Pascal explored the limits of reason, and John Locke grounded knowledge in experience. Immanuel Kant then sought to reconcile these rationalist and empiricist traditions.
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