To test urine sample for normal and abnormal constituents #class11thbiology

So hello guys and welcome to my channel I'm Sachin Sukla and you are watching A to Z Practicals So guys, today I'm going to show you 11th Biology Practicals And that is your Practical No. 11 In which we are going to use a urine sample Our urine contains urea, sugar, and albumin. We are going to see all those tests here Which is your Practical No. 11? So, 11th Biology students, watch these practicals carefully. There's one more thing I want to tell you. On this channel, all the Practicals of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology All the Practicals are available How you must write on the board, how you must write in your exam All those videos are also available. You go and check out this channel very carefully You will get all the videos in all the playlists Now your attention should be on this Practicals The first practicals I'm going to do here are Urine Sample And I'll show you by determining urea And it's a very easy experiment. And I'll tell you how to do it So let's start the Practicals For the practicals, we will need a urine sample. So this is not a urine sample. Because I have made artificial urine You can also make it For example, you have to take urea and water. Basically our urine sample Is made in this way So that is the artificial urine. Now what I'll do is I will determine whether urea is present or not. So let's see What you are going to need to do this test First you'll need a urine sample. Then you'll need a phenolphthalein indicator. Test tube rack And test tube holders So you'll also need gram flour We'll use it as a pinch. So kids Now I'll take a test tube. And in that test tube I'll add Our urine sample I'll add it here And it's a very easy experiment So this is my urine sample. I'll put it in this test tube. And I'll add A pinch of gram flour You'll have to add a little You'll have to add a pinch And then you'll have to add One drop of phenolphthalein indicator And then you'll have to heat it So I'll add One drop Phenolphthalein indicator I'll heat it up. And after heating, if it produces a pink color So to heat it I'll use a lamp. I'll light it. So after I'll heat it for 5 minutes. And if I get a pink color Then our urea Will be present here So kids Heat it for 5 minutes Because if you don't heat it for 5 minutes Then your pink color won't generate It's beginning to generate a pink color. So if you heat it for 5 minutes You'll get a pink color. Now I'll tell you the reason behind it When we add gram flour And phenolphthalein indicator And heat it So urea is present. Which serves as an indicator Urea acts as an indicator. Urea breaks down and produces ammonia. And ammonia Is our basic compound And the phenolphthalein indicator Shows a pink color So this is its specialty. You can see the printout. You can see the result Now it's beginning to show a pink color. I'll put it aside. After some time It will be pink color. This is the pink color. And what we'll get here We have the pink color. And we get a pink color because I've told you everything. Now we'll do test number 2 We will find out how sugar is present. In our urine sample So let's start with this I'll put it aside. Now this is the pink color. What I am observing here So now we'll do test number 2 Test number 2 is on sugar So we'll see what will happen If sugar is present in our urine sample So we'll take Clean dry test tube And in this clean, dry test tube We'll add a urine sample. If sugar is present in it We'll see what possible changes So finally I've taken the urine sample. Now in the urine sample we will add Bainitic solution If we add bainitic solution So what happens When we heat Glucose will break down And the bainitic solution will react I'll use the bainitic solution Now you can see The color of the solution is blue. But how will it convert Blue to yellow If it turns blue into yellow So what will happen Sugar will be present. And after adding the bainitic solution You have to heat it for 2 minutes. If I'm obtaining a yellow precipitate Or yellow solution So there is a presence of sugar So when will we heat Glucose will break down So when will we heat Glucose will break down So it will react with the bainitic solution. And give a yellow color solution So let's see We'll heat it for 2 minutes. Finally, you can see We're getting a yellow color. Now this is the yellow color. What is this? Yellow discoloration Now this yellow color Is there a presence of what? Sugar What does the yellow color indicate? Sugar The more concentrated the sugar sample is The better the yellow color So this is the second test So now we'll do test number 3 Test for protein or albumin So we want to see Proteins are present in our urine sample. So what you have to do I'll tell you Take a clean, dry test tube. And add 1 ml of nitric acid. I have nitric acid. And I'll add 1 ml of nitric acid. In this test tube So what happens Between two liquids There is a white junction. And if that ring is obtained So what will be the level of albumin So let's test First you have to take 1 ml of nitric acid. I'll take 1 ml of nitric acid. After taking 1 ml of nitric acid I have to hold the test tube. At a 45-degree angle Just like this You have to hold the test tube. And you must provide your urine sample In which proteins are present So I'll hold the test tube at a 45-degree angle. And I'll start adding the protein sample. On the inner side of the test tube So I'll start adding the protein sample. On the inner side of the test tube So you can see Two layers are separated So in between You can see a white-colored black ring. Forming And this ring will represent The presence of albumin So in between two layers There is a white-colored black ring. And it is present So you can see a white ring forming And this white ring is Like an indicator Because it is showing The presence of proteins So this is the upper liquid And this is the lower liquid And in between you can see A dense white color That will represent The presence of proteins So you can see the presence of albumin Let me show you closely In between the two layers You can see a white-colored ring. Generated So if you look closely You can see the upper liquid And the lower liquid But in between, there is a white-colored dense liquid. So it will be clear So I'll put these three tests in front of you Which I did today Biology tests And these are very easy tests You must be liking the colors. You can see the answers Next to me Now we will perform test number 3 And test number 3 is Test for boiled salt So we will check whether boiled salt Is present in this urine sample There are two processes. First you have to take plain water And second, you have to take Boiled salt urine sample Now what you have to do You have to take sulfur powder. And sulfur powder In these two solutions You have to add a pinch of sulfur powder. So what will happen The sulfur in the urine sample When you add it In the boiled urine sample Its surface tension Decreases And all the sulfur Sprinkles down But in plain water Surface tension is very high. And when we add it In the boiled urine sample What happens It starts going down But if we add it In water It doesn't go down It stays here So now You can see The particles in the boiled water Are going down You can see But if I talk about Plain water You can see Sulfur As it is But if I talk about You can see Sulfur powder Is going down But in the boiled urine sample When you add sulfur Its surface tension Decreases And all the.gradle Sprinkles down But in plain water Its surface tension is very high. And here is your bile test For bile assault Kids, I have a request for you This channel has all the practicals Related to physics and chemistry So one of your subscribers Made for this channel So thank you for watching this video And please subscribe to A2J Practicalss Because your one support It is very important for this channel. So thank you