DNA Reveals the BASQUES Weren t Who We Thought

📚 SOURCES & FURTHER READING:

Olalde, I. et al. — "The Genomic History of the Iberian Peninsula Over the Past 8000 Years," Science, Vol. 363, No. 6432 (2019)
Olalde, I. et al. — "The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe," Nature, Vol. 555 (2018)
Flores-Bello, A. et al. — "Genetic Origins, Singularity, and Heterogeneity of Basques," Current Biology, Vol. 31 (2021)
Günther, T. et al. — "Ancient Genomes Link Early Farmers from Atapuerca in Spain to Modern-Day Basques," PNAS, Vol. 112 (2015)
Behar, D.M. et al. — "The Basque Paradigm: Genetic Evidence of a Maternal Continuity in the Franco-Cantabrian Region Since Pre-Neolithic Times," American Journal of Human Genetics (2012)
Palencia-Madrid, L. et al. — "Ancient Mitochondrial Lineages Support the Prehistoric Maternal Root of Basques in Northern Iberian Peninsula," European Journal of Human Genetics (2017)
Lazaridis, I. et al. — "Ancient Human Genomes Suggest Three Ancestral Populations for Present-Day Europeans," Nature, Vol. 513 (2014)
Calafell, F. & Bertranpetit, J. — "Mountains and Genes: Population History of the Pyrenees," Human Biology (1994)
Quintana-Murci, L. et al. — Genographic Project Basque DNA Analysis, National Geographic Society (2012)
Mathieson, I. et al. — "The Genomic History of Southeastern Europe," Nature (2018)
Harvard Magazine — "Replacement of Iberian Men 4,000 Years Ago Raises Fresh Questions" (2019)
National Geographic — "Ancient DNA Shows Mysterious Genetic Takeover in Iberia" (2019)
CNN — "DNA Reveals That Local Men Were Replaced in Iberian Gene Pool Thousands of Years Ago" (2019)
The Scientist — "Ancient DNA Elucidates Basque Origins" (2015)
ScienceDaily — "Basque Roots Revealed Through DNA Analysis" (2012)
Phys.org — "The Origin and Uniqueness of Basque Genetics Revealed" (2021)
ScienceInsights — "What Does Basque DNA Reveal About Their Origins?" (2025)
Calafell, F. — "Genetics and Population History: The Case of the Iberian Peninsula and the 'Origin' of Basques" (2022)
Wikipedia — "Origin of the Basques"

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#Basque #DNA #AncientDNA #Iberia #Spain #Euskara #SteppeMigration #BronzeAge #R1b #Genetics #HumanOrigins #IronAge #Paleogenomics