मानव विकास की पूरी कहानी-प्राचीन वानरों से लेकर लूसी तक -History of human migration Aadimanav

Thousands of years ago humans were no longer just hunters Settled along the banks of rivers there And between these rivers the Tigris and the Euphrates the world's first civilization was born Mesopotamia Here began agriculture with the first cities rising from irrigation canals and mounds of earth But the question is how did people live here Was there really a growing divide among social classes here as well Much like the later caste system that emerged in India And the most pressing question asked People here also believed in gods and goddesses So let's take you on a journey through this documentary And if you enjoy such fascinating thoroughly researched documentaries Please subscribe to the channel Creating such a documentary requires us hours of hard work and research Thousands of years ago when humans hunted in forests and lived in caves And the sole purpose of his life was to stay alive Slowly he learned to make fire from stone gained control over it and began hunting animals But a question has always lingered in the human mind Is life merely a name for hunting and wandering or is there something more That very question led him on his greatest journey Humans spread from Africa to different parts of the world Some groups reached the fertile valley of the Ganges and Indus Where later on urban civilizations such as Harappa and Mohenjo-daro emerged Some people arrived at the banks of the Yellow River Where Chinese civilization subsequently emerged And took a few more steps forward toward those rivers They changed the course of all humanity—Tigris and Euphrates For the first time humans realized along these rivers that if they settled in communities If you farm you won't have to chase after prey every single day It was here that the journey began from a wandering unsettled life toward a stable settled existence The fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was known to Greek travelers as Each year the floodwaters of these rivers enrich the farmlands with fertile soil People constructed canals and channels to divert and direct water from the bund to the fields This was humanity's first irrigation system Now this person has not only found food but also a permanent home family and community And friends it was here that the people gathered forming that great civilization we know today Mesopotamian civilizatio This is what is known as the cradle of human civilization hailed as the world's first rural civilization And today we are diving into the depths of this civilization Watching videos from the Documentary Industries brings great peace to the mind And if you haven't joined my channel yet make sure to do so now Because I upload even more entertaining documentary videos there Also according to your demand If you'd like to watch the complete video on all the first human civilizations in the world 5 000 years ago So write in the comments If you look at this assembly today So it spread right through the heart of Iraq Its territory extended as far as Syria and Kuwait This is West Azad Kashmir's fertile land Which was later referred to as On one side flows the Tigris on the other the Euphrates The plain stretching between the river and its tributaries Where humans first began farming and establishing cities He wandered through the fields Villages scattered here and there And then the man dreamed a new dream A large city located beyond Gauṃb Where thousands can live together That dream became reality in Uruk the Muthanna Governorate of today's Iraq About 5 000 years ago starting today Uruk became the world's first organized megacity Here stand towering temples Known as Jiggurat With its narrow alleys and vast walls The bustling activity of markets throughout the day merchants at wor Farmers selling their crops alongside their belongings And at night the temple bells ring The echoes of worship and music from the deities resound In the alleys of Uru You can feel the stir of that thread This is truly a pivotal moment in human history One of the first urban dwellers was Born after the city of Uru Urne another major city of Mesopotamia Here stood towering palaces The steps of the ziggurat were steep And the streets were always filled with the echo of merchants' calls But the most fascinating part is this at this very moment in India Our Mohenjo-daro and Harappa people were also just living there where the earthen pots are located Homes and sewers buil There too in Mohenjo-daro there were houses made of baked bricks Drainage System And there were large markets Both civilizations thousands It was kilometers away bu Both arrived at nearly the same time The art of city-building has been rediscovered That means humans now only care about the village Not just a resident but a true one And friends the great Mesopotamian civilization we are talking about elling about the cities The discovery of that Mesopotamian civilizatio How did it go How did thousands of Buried beneath Red's weight for years Did this world suddenly emerge from nowhere It was the year 1849 on Iraq's scorching ground A British explorer named Onstane Henry Layard and his workers Digging away with it—just an ordinary day nothing but sand And plowing between the stones But after a short while the workers at the pickaxe is of some hard substance And from there emerged a massive stone bull Feathers grew on its head and everyone was utterly stunned This discovery was made at the site of Nimrud Search Engine Optimization Expert Henry Layard And their team cleared out from here Gigantic statues said to have been created When people saw them they all jumped back in surprise Was this part of a temple Or perhaps the remnants of some forgotten civilization Then he came back The 1850s British archaeologist Henry Rawlinso She saw a mysterious shadow in Iran It was a vast stone lake formed upon the cliffs In which three languages Old Persian Babylonian and Elamite I had written the same thing Rollins had worked tirelessly for years Learn to read and that was it The first door to open the kingdom Because this Stone Lake has The key to understanding the Quniform has been revealed As soon as the scholars read these inscriptions Thus emerged the Mesopotamian civilization Law business astronomy And the treasure of the gods' tales And within these lies humanity's oldest great mystery The Epic of Gilgamesh This is where the world was first revealed It dawned on me that thousands of years had passed Originally settlements were located along the banks of these rivers Mesopotamian civilizatio The first civilization of humanity But in the end this civilization Why did it suddenly vanish How did its people even live And what truly defines India's Harappan civilization Was their ancestor also from Mesopotamia In Mesopotamian civilization three empires arose Ruled over this land for thousands of years First came the reign of the Semirians approximately from today The period around 3000 BCE is believed to be The kings here remained closely associated with temples And rule with the power of the gods Following this was the rule of the Akkadans According to the historian Reigned during the time period around 2300 BCE The great ruler here was Sargon of Akkad who for the first time connected small towns together Built a vast empire Inscribed on his tablet Even today the scars of his battles and his unyielding spirit bear witness In conclusion regarding this assembly The rule of the Babylonians came The one who brought this civilization to its highest peak The greatest ruler of this dynasty was Hammurabi According to historians the reign of which lasted From 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE He was the ruler who nearly 4 000 years ago The world's first written law code established It's called the Code of Hammurabi Imagine Twenty-eight-two rules were also established within that framework From agriculture to trade From marriage to theft and murder Laws differ for everyone His most famous rule was an eye for an eye Teeth for tee That means if someone has harmed you Then he will receive exactly the same punishment as well But what made Hammurabi truly exceptional was this at he said the law is above even my authority That means even the king is bound by the law Think about it Four thousand years ago already Hammurabi did not create laws alone Instead he constructed irrigation canals and assisted farmers That is he was a stern justice-loving king On the other hand his own people's The attentive one as well and the most fascinating thing His law remains before us today On a large stone slab God willing Paris today It is housed at the Louvre Museum Friends where today we farm Tractors machinery and modern technology Waves of wheat barley and rice stretch across the fields But friends just imagine 5 000 years ago When there were neither tractors nor electric machines So what were people growing back then And how they practiced farming — the answer to that we receive From the land of Mesopotamia The true power of Mesopotamia Not in his kings or his wars Rather its fruits were hidden within the soil Each year the floods of the Tigris and Euphrates enrich the farmlands New layers of crops had been left behind People built canals and dams Delivered water to the fields This was the first irrigation system in human history In these fields three things have become the foundation of life The wheat and dates the ones made from wheat and dates Mention is made of palm groves Not only that There dates are dried and their juice extracted Evidence of both sweet syrup and alcohol production also exists The farmer rises with the morning sun Going into the fields and returning in the evening Under the shade of a palm tree with family That means farming is not just their profession In fact it was the backbone of their culture and way of life If we compare this to From India's Harappan civilization Wheat and barley were also cultivated there But there was a significant difference The people of Harappa in the world The first to cultivate cotton were While Mesopotamia was unaware of cotton That is both civilizations were advanced at the same time But their farming practices were distinct in each case If you are this great Harappan Want to know about civilization Be sure to watch our documentary video Where we have shown how this civilization emerged at that time All civilizations held him in high esteem Before sowing each new crop the farmer prays to the god Enlil The inhabitant of Mesopotamia The gods of wind and earth speak And the god of water Ankhi worshiped her as a deity They were confident that as long as the deity They will be happy in the fields of barley Abundant yields of wheat and dates will be produced After the harves Celebrations are held throughout the village Dance and song the pitcher of Peer and sweets made from dates Even the king himself takes part in these festivals Joining me Children play in the fields women Cleaning the seeds and the elderly Deep ties with India This is what appears to be the case today as if we are now Pongal Makar Sankranti Harvest festival like Baisa Celebrate just like the 5000 Earlier in the year Mesopotamia They also thanked the farming deities Friends Mesopotamia's The greenery of farmers' fields That was not all by any means Another source of strength in their life was Cows and oxen used for farming plow the fields Sheep and goats only Not just milk but also wool and mea Also provides Sur and chickens It was a part of everyday meals And most notably the camel and the donkey They were more than just animals Moreover goods transported over long distances The ancient carts used for farming and trade were called dhone The very same animal serves as the foundation for both Now just ponder this When farmers were plowing their fields At that very moment the Tigris and the Euphrates The rivers were giving them another treasure Machliyas Mackerel were caught from the deep waters of these rivers Dry them in the sun or with salt It felt like forever Not just that Often they also become part of the treaty itself This very image helps us understand at the people of Mesopotamia They depended equally on the river and on animals Agriculture food and trade—these three are the pillars that sustain us It came from these And yes at this very moment similar civilizations elsewhere as well As in the Indus Valley of India Toy cart of the bullock car And there are plenty of opportunities for catching catfish Friends today we're going to make it easy and straightforward We order goods through our mobile phones Online shopping UPI cards Everything is in our hands But ponder this: 5 000 years ago That is the people of Mesopotamia When there was neither money nor ship nor passpor How people used to conduct business The merchants here They had the most distinct identity They had unique belongings Colorful clothes and such items She who came from distant lands People see them and Where on earth are you getting this treasure from Merchants on camels and donkeys But bringing their own goods the desert dwellers Passing through the streets and then into Persia Rowing across the bay in boats Reaching civilizations far and distant This journey was not easy— scorching heat violent storms Fear of storms and robbers always remains But still Mesopotamian traders took risks Because that's how their city became wealthy were made the Persians who It was also said here that the parajia was located copper and lapis lazuli among others Precious stones come in from these Palaces and temples of Mesopotamia The walls were adorned and Egypt from where wood and gold came And ivory comes from which the ziggurats and palaces are built Grand decorations were set up with blue and yellow banners along the Tigris Both rivers like those of the ancient world which demonstrate that both assemblies are thousands Even at a distance of kilometers she remained defiant Imagine friends 5 000 years ago when the Nile began to flow They were in the air not on the ground Ships yet still the man This trade has Not just the exchange of goods Rather thought and culture as well Friends every civilization has its The true power lies in his temples and palaces ot me but his family and It lies hidden within society Mesopotamia was no exception either The society of Mesopotamia If you look closely it consists of several layers I was growing stronger above were the king and the priest Then came the merchants and artisans Below farmers and laborers Each class had its own duties The king and the priest establish the rules And connecting with the deities Traders conduct business far and wide Farmers sweat in the fields And the slave is engaged in the most difficult tasks If viewed separately from India That's how it seems to us much like our own cultural identity As the Brahmin who is a priest is also a warrior and ruler so too is the priest a warrior and ruler And the Vaishya who engaged in trade And the sutra that crop yield difference was just that at India's caste system was based on bir While in Mesopotamia it was more based on profession and occupation Now let's move on to the family The head of the family was a man He would be the owner of the land The decision on trade and agriculture is made by the same authority And her voice was considered the loudest in society Laws were also biased in favor of men As if there were a disturbance in the house Thus the decision tends to favor the man But this does not mean that women were weak Women in Mesopotamia were ahead of their time in many ways They could have become owners of land and property It could have engaged in trade And some even rose to high positions as priestesses within the temples And that's not all— the world's first well-known lexicographer was a woman His name was En Hiduana She was no ordinary woman She was the daughter of Sargon of Akkad the great ruler of Mesopotamia And at the same time the priestess of the moon god Nana But a large part of women's lives has been spent at home with their children Yet many such societies have been found where women ran the markets And the great merchant handled it with ease And the wedding customs there are truly astonishing In ancient Mesopotamia marriage was considered a legal contract Marriage contracts written on clay tablets can still be found today It used to state how much dowry would be given What will be the responsibilities of a husband and wife This meant that women's rights were safeguarded in written form If a husband mistreated his wife the woman could file a complaint at the women's court Parents often gave their daughters as dowry—jewelry land or even slaves—during marriages But the wife's property was considered solely her own right He wasn't even allowed touch it After marriage a woman's greatest responsibility was raising her children Now let's explore what children's world was like in ancient Mesopotamia and whether children played even back then Their world was completely different Boys were sent to school which was known as Adobe House where they learned to write on clay tablets and memorized laws Learning wasn't easy mistakes were punished Girls stay at home learning knitting cooking and religious traditions from their mothers But some girls also took on significant responsibilities within priestly or merchant families And the toys The children play with clay-made cars dolls and small dice Imagine this: today our plate holds dal rice vegetables and occasionally meat or fish But have you ever wondered what people in Mesopotamia ate 5 000 years ago If you had stepped into an ordinary home back then the first thing you'd see would be the tava with thick hearty rotis made from jowar and wheat—these were the foundation of their daily meals Onions and garlic are eaten with these flatbreads just as farmers in Indian villages still do today savoring each bite of bread with onion with quiet devotion But the most fascinating was Beir yes the very same Beir who now appears at bars and pubs In Mesopotamia beer was not just a drink but an integral part of daily life with workers even paid their wages in beer and people drinking it together from large jars during festivals and gatherings So friends imagine if you were paid your daily wage in beer—would you still enjoy doing the work And friends the most crucial question is were people here also believers in gods or deities just as we discussed in our Harappa video about the religious beliefs of the Harappan civilization The answer is yes And their faith was so profound that they saw lightning flashes river currents and dry earth as divine signs—nothing was mere nature to them but messages from the gods their belief rooted firmly in polytheism just as it was as the ruler of the sky the god of water and wisdom Enki and the goddess Inanna the divine warrior of love were worshipped in these towering ziggurat temples built for these deities which were not merely places of worship but also sacred links between earth and heaven Friends just as the sun's rise inevitably leads to its setting every civilization is destined for decline and Mesopotamia was no exception—its fall began right where its civilization had first emerged along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers I have found evidence that the soil has become salty due to repeated irrigation Crops were ruined yields declined and people broke under hunger and famine Along with it came climate change scientists say that prolonged droughts have occurred during this period The river's water level dropped making farming impossible while as the city grew sanitation deteriorated and diseases began to spread Pandemics claimed thousands of lives and began eroding public trust When life became difficult people began leaving their homes and cities to settle elsewhere As a result many great cities of Mesopotamia gradually emptied and with them kings continued to fight for power Small city-states continually undermined one another and whenever internal unity faltered external invasions became all the more effortless Not only that commercial records also indicate that long-distance trade broke down due to insecurity and warfare Markets lay empty poverty and unemployment soared and finally the blow from external forces utterly destroyed this civilization In 539 BCE the Persian king Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon Just a few centuries later in 331 BCE Alexander the Great incorporated Mesopotamia into his empire through his war chariots swords and strategy Alexander's victories were not merely the result of his strategic brilliance but also stemmed from his war chariots swords and weapons friends and if you'd like to know how— Weapons have shaped the course of our entire humanity—from prehistoric cave dwellers today’s modern battlefields be sure to watch our documentary video and I’ll see you there