【4K中字】【紀錄片】費迪南德▪皮耶希--大眾集團商業版圖的締造者，這位天選“汽車人”是怎樣把這家普通的汽車公司送上行業之巔的！

50年來 整個自動車行業 都被一個人的技術成就所定義 一個名字從來沒有在一輛車上出現 所以你可能從來沒聽過他 但是你肯定知道他創造的那些車 因為他們的技術進步 傳遞到我們每天駕駛的車 然後傳遞到我們放在海報上的車 再傳遞到我們幾乎不存在的車 這是一個人的故事 他的車是擁有整個自動車宇宙的 從250公里小時 到250公里每公斤 和所有之間的東西 本集是由哈格迪駕駛俱樂部贊助 包括贊助我們的獎牌雜誌 24小時的平躺座駕駛助手 以及更多 請參加或獲得更多資訊 在下面的連結中 這是Bentley Continental GT Speed Bentley的標誌代表它的內部 塞滿了豐富的皮革和美麗的木材 而Speed的標誌代表它沒有這些東西 但它不只是一個漂亮的臉 和一個399萬的窗簾 不,它其實是一輛Porsche Panamera 在Bentley駕駛中 真是令人難以置信 太瘋狂了 它可以在2.99秒的0-60公里 帶來650匹馬力 來自一部引擎的奇蹟 實際上,它是世界上最有力量的引擎 是一輛聰明的12檔 比V8還需要更少的空間 但它快要結束了 Bentley宣佈 這是Bentley的最後一輛W12引擎 就像Bentley的姐妹公司Bugatti 宣佈了W16引擎結束 引擎是Bugatti Chiron的引擎 但這不是W12的結束 這不是引擎的結束 這是一輩子的結束 在這輛車的歷史中 有一些非常清楚的章節 其中一個人或一個人的公司 清晰地定義了當時的汽車 既然你是一位汽車迷 你會大喊名字 例如Enzo Ferrari Attori Bugatti 或Ferruccio Lamborghini 這不是我在說的 這些人都建立了 對億萬人來說的少數玩偶 當然,我們都夢寐以求 某天可能會擁有它們 但今天我們要討論的是 人們影響了 億萬輛車 就像我和你每天駕駛的那種 當時還有Gottlieb Daimler的章節 那是當時汽車被創造的時代 還有Henry Ford的章節 在這章節中,人們或幾乎所有人 都可以擁有一輛汽車 還有一章節是關於Toyota的 專注於不斷進步 以發展生產效率 不僅讓汽車更加便宜 更加確保它們實際上有效 還有一位人物 他拯救了一輛廢棄的汽車 一輛又一輛 組合了它們 創造了世界上最大 最強勁的汽車公司 他的名字是 Ferdinand Pique Pike Piche Pierre 它是一個 算了 你根本不喜歡人 我不懂 你為什麼要拍一集 關於行政總裁的 這裏有一個Pierre 我不想談論一些 愚蠢的人物 我看到了 首先 沒有人批評Ferdinand Piche 作為一個人物 第二 他是個不聰明的行政總裁 因為他沒有發言 關於投資價值 他只在乎的是 製造出優秀的汽車 你會欣賞到 他們在賽車上 現在你引起了我的注意 你看 Piche 這是傳說中的 傳統冷氣911的聖地牙 Carrera 2.7 RS 是的 你能告訴觀眾 Carrera是什麼意思嗎 在電影《汽車》中 Carrera的名字是Sally 她的後車輪 有一個TRIUMPH標籤 A.我怎麼沒注意到 B.也許更重要一點 Carrera是Italian for race Race makes sense 因為Porsche 是史上最有成績的賽車廠 對於這項運動的歷史 是的 從那時開始 直到現在 如果不是Ferdinand Piche 911可能不會成為賽車 等一下 我以為Porsche會贏911 Porsche贏了 他是Ferdinand Piche的第一口子 他已經兩歲了 他在Porsche讀大學的時候 Ferdinand Piche畢業後 來到Porsche工作 6個月前911正在進行製造 他就停止了整個運動 他說 等一下 不要忘記 如果我們要賣這臺車 我們必須在這臺車上競賽 為了讓911成為一臺競賽車 這臺全新的Hans Metzger設計的 Flat 6需要乾濕油漆 只要幾個月 Porsche就成為了他的第一份工作 不過 Piche成功勸服Metzger 和整個管理團隊 重新設計911的油漆系統 如果他只是六個月年輕 他可能沒有去求乾濕油漆 而Porsche 911 這臺賽車的定義 60年來 可能沒有在賽道上存活過 那是那個人的 第一次成功 在自動車行業上 確保911能夠競賽 911只是剛開始 Piche並沒有按照 Less is More的哲學 他利用了更多是更多的方式 來幫助Porsche 掌握摩托車 從小型四缸車 到六缸車 八缸車 十二缸車 甚至是一臺 十六缸的模型車 Piche不斷地追求更多 直到他最終 搶下了917 可能是全球最強的 賽車機器 雙渦輪在Flat 12上 917的1,100hp 是如此猛烈 讓它殺死了 自己的賽車系列 即使沒有渦輪 自然吸引力的917 贏得了Lemans 擊敗了Porsche的 世界上最強的賽車 而公司謝謝 Ferdinand Piche 為了他的成功 他們開槍了他 但這和他的工作 看看 小小的資訊 當Ferdinand Piche 打電話給銀行 為了安全的原因 他們需要知道 他的母親的名字 他沒有選擇 只能告訴他們 它是Porsche 你喜歡這家賽車公司嗎 歡迎來到Porsche家族樹 Ferdinand Porsche 是一個天才創造者 創立了整個奇蹟 他的兒子 也叫Ferdinand Porsche 是Ferdinand 創建了我們今天 所知的賽車公司 他的兒子 另一個Ferdinand Porsche 是Ferdinand 創造了911 這個Ferdinand 年齡差不多 和我們的Ferdinand Mr. Piche 而他們的世代 超過半數 都是Porsche的 管理職位 你可以想像 他們是在殺死對方 並且在騷擾對方 或至少對方的妻子 就像那段時間 Piche打敗了 他的妻子 和她的三個孩子 然後把她留給教師 和她的三個孩子 說不定 他和他的第一妻子 和他和他的妻子 和他的妻子 總共有13個妻子 以防萬一 你看 這傢伙肯定是肥胖 但他也沒有工作 他們都是 Ferdinand的父母 同意了 唯一的方法 阻止戰爭 雖然不一定是 殺死對方 是禁止 但是他也阻止了 所有Porsche的子女 從公司的高級管理員 而Piche 開始了一個 顧問會 並立即被 Mercedes-Benz聘請 從它原有的四缸 汽油引擎 只需要六個月 Pieche 加入了另一個引擎 創造了世界上第一部 產業車五缸引擎 它是Goldilocks的汽油 比四缸的表現更好 比六缸的經濟更好 我猜你沒意識到 它是Pieche 這臺引擎已經成為了 五缸輪胎的傳奇 四缸輪胎的 不可摧毀性 Mercedes-Benz 對Pieche的工作 他們提出了 讓他擔任 下一任發展部長 因為他認為 Mercedes-Benz的 工程預算太小了 什麼? 在世界歷史中 這些話 從來沒有說過 或是從來沒有說過 然而 立即後來 奧迪學會了 怎麼說五缸輪胎 當它聘請了Pieche 操縱它的特別項目時 他在那裡 發明瞭五缸輪胎 用了不同的語言 它燃燒了汽油 在歷史的這一刻 奧迪並沒有身份 這家公司 正在努力 在市場上 使用五缸輪胎引擎 Pieche卻沒有 事實上 他內在被稱為 五缸輪胎殺手 因為他反而 想要五缸輪胎和汽油 你知道的 引擎實際上是有效的 當然 他贏得了這場戰鬥 獲得了城堡的鑰匙 城堡 是一個正確的名詞 Pieche是如此有影響力 讓奧迪的內部人士 稱呼R&D中心為 Palazzo Pieche 這纔是他 真正想要給奧迪 一個身份的方式 記住 這已經是 Porsche 917的 Pieche的心 仍然在摩托車運動中 當他的工程師 出了一個奇怪的計劃 為奧迪 帶來競爭性的優勢 四輪驅動 這實在是不可思議 當時的四輪驅動系統 基本上是 讓你把卡住的摩托車 滾出來 然後阻止 那輛摩托車轉動 奧迪發明瞭 一個永續的四輪驅動系統 並沒有傷害 轉動幾乎 事實上 當奧迪測試了 它的第一型號時 它可以在 Hockenheim輪胎周圍 快速地 像前輪驅動奧迪一樣 提升50%的力量 那是在乾燥的地面上 如果是雪地 或是濕地 讓四輪驅動 成為奧迪的勝利工具 奧迪要做的 就是勸告 Volkswagen的上層管理 要付錢 你可能看過 這個電視廣告 但這並不是廣告 這根據了 奧迪的真實驚喜 沒有提醒任何人 奧迪出席了 Volkswagen的經理人會議 在澳大利亞的山頂上 去到他們那裡 他駕駛了一輛 Prototype Quattro 駕駛到歐洲 最陡峭的山頂 23%的高度 在雪地 穿著夏天鞋 在其他經理人面前 他們估計 非常驚訝 重點來了 PX原本的計劃 是隻製造400輛Quattro 只是為了 競賽勸告 但後來 整個山頂的驚喜 變得明顯 對所有人來說 四輪驅動車 可以給奧迪一個身份 更重要的是 它可以給BMW 和Mercedes的客戶 一個真正的理由 去考慮購買奧迪 當然 Quattro進入了摩托車運動 它的主導性 是完整的 它不斷地擊敗 兩輪驅動的競賽車 它被視為 如此不公平的優勢 讓它被禁止 很多種類的賽車 包括SCCA Trans Am 更重要的是 Quattro證明瞭 四輪驅動車的 今天 沒有一個廠商 在美國 沒有在美國 出售四輪驅動車 這就開始了 就在這裡 你知道這裡也開始了嗎 沒錯 TDI 這是Ferdinand PX 混合了渦輪變速器 和直接輸入 這終於 讓汽車引擎 變成了 汽油引擎的可靠選擇 它的力量足夠 它的順暢度足夠 它的安靜度足夠 但是它確實 在MPG上發揮了作用 聽著 那堵塞的聲音 可能會是 在美國的比賽玩家 但是它改變了 世界汽車市場的面貌 在TDI的 半個在歐洲售賣的汽車 都是汽油 而PX博士 獲得了什麼獎勵 他被開除了 JK 他給了整個Volkswagen Group 控制權 Volkswagen Group的 小型堵塞車 據說已經 三個月 沒有失業了 PX博士的 第一份生意 他開玩笑 他說 Volkswagen will build a car that is better than a Mercedes-Benz That's really funny, right? Exactly what he did When the Mk4 Golf came out It sent Mercedes-Benz back to school to learn how to make an interior This was a miniature hatchback luxury car And it came with a six-cylinder that was so smooth and so sonorous that Mercedes bought it to put in its own cars The VR6 is to this day acoustically unmatched by just about every other six-cylinder ever made You'd have to buy a 911 GT3 from PX's uncle to get a better noise out of a six-cylinder The R32 came with PX's trademark all-wheel drive But it was also the first car ever put in production with a dual-clutch automatic transmission DSG in Volkswagen speak And that's another PX-era invention that has spread like wildfire throughout the entire automotive industry But thank God in the US we got a manual The Mark IV range went from fuel-sipping clattering TDI to the screaming R32 To the outside world it seemed Piëch could do no wrong But internally he was ruthless He accepted nothing but the best from everyone You couldn't deliver You're out Stand in his way Well, that's when things got scary Whenever there's a war there's less at the end And there are always winners and losers And I have the intention to be the winner with our partners the VW in the whole world Oh my God I hope that works with the subtitles Because in German that is the scariest thing ever recorded All the ticks and the facial twitches That is disturbing It would have sent a Bond villain home to his mommy But Volkswagen needed a ruthless fix-it man and they found one Piëch wasn't just scary He must have also been at least a little bit self-aware Because years later he said only when a company is in severe difficulty will it let in someone like me In normal, calmer times I would have never gotten a chance That chance wasn't just the opportunity to build a Golf that would irritate Mercedes like a mosquito bite but a full-on attempt to slash their throat by making a luxury car better than the S-Class The Phaeton is the embodiment of Piëch's obsessions It was engineered to be the best at all times, for all people with no excuses or exceptions Simply put, this was to be the best car in the world And when Piëch listed out his requirements for it half of his team quit on the spot And then the other half delivered This is a 12-cylinder that's physically smaller than a V8 And that's because it consists of two of Volkswagen's ingeniously compact VR6s joined at the crank 6 liters and 420 horsepower means it's not just smaller than a V8 It's more powerful than one, too And of course, it's married to quattro all-wheel drive For safety and for quietness the Phaeton's body was so stiff that it made a contemporary Mercedes feel like undercooked Spätzle, by comparison It was a technological showpiece It even had an air-conditioning system that provided cool air without blowing directly at you Because Germans believe that moving air will make you sick You gotta be kidding me, Jason I'm not kidding, it's a thing Look it up Andy Popes, es zieht There's wind moving, I will get sick What about all those Germans hiking and in the woods and the hills are alive with the sound of music I mean, I know that's Austrian Yeah, but Ferdinand Piech was Austrian, too I don't understand what it is about the Germans They're outside, the wind moves It's fine But if that air should happen to come through a vent or an open window It's f***ing lethal I'll tell you what I'll kill that vent right now Please do, can't risk it Wow The thing that made Volkswagen's platform-sharing cars so good is ironically the thing that makes most badge-engineered cars so bad It's part-sharing Badge-engineered Like when you take a crap car Put some leather in it Double the price And slap a luxury brand on it Yep, hold on I'm turning the A.C. back on It's getting a little stuffy in here However, I am applying a scarf Lest I catch Cervicale What the hell is that? Oh, Cervicale Is the Italian version of es zieht The Italians believe That if wind is moving And touches your neck It'll make you sick Wow Speaking of crazy Italians Let's talk about Lamborghini Yet another brand That Piëch bought And saved from bankruptcy Badge-engineering Is how he made an Audi R8 And a Lamborghini Gallardo Out of the same car Piëch did part-sharing In the opposite direction As everyone else, though He started at the top Always engineering a car For the highest possible brand And then allowing it to trickle down And be rebadged as something cheaper The Gallardo was made To be a real Lamborghini Which made it an incredible Audi Not the other way around Which would have resulted In a good Audi But an embarrassment of a Lamborghini Like the Urus is today You're not wrong Ferdinand Piëch Is probably rolling over In his grave over that thing The Urus is not up to the standards Of a Lamborghini It is very clearly an Audi Q8 With a Lamborghini badge on it And here's the thing Piëch's way was cheaper All he did Was make a really good set Of expensive parts And then take advantage Of economy of scales By producing a ton of them So you can build a cheap car With high volume of expensive parts And it'll still be inexpensive Yeah And that's how you wind up With a Golf As a little bitty luxury car Although I think we can all agree That the Volkswagen Phaeton Was probably one step too far A $100,000 VW people's car That just did not fly in the showrooms I think Piëch's ego Was getting a little bit the best of him It really should have been an Audi How dumb Or how smart Because don't forget The Volkswagen Phaeton Was good enough That it could be sold For two decades As a Bentley At two and three times that price Phaeton Bentley I didn't even know that I guess it didn't really matter That the Phaeton Was a disaster in the showrooms Piëch still had the last laugh I take over the world We put a Bentley badge On a Volkswagen And they buy it Turn the air conditioner down please This time Nobody was laughing You already know That the Bugatti Veyron Was the fastest car in the world What you probably don't realize Is that Dr. Piëch Didn't care about that If he did The Veyron wouldn't have been Nearly that fast It didn't just reclaim The road car record From a certain McLaren It utterly destroyed The McLaren F1 Which as delivered Only did 350ish kilometers an hour Piëch set this car's top speed At a very precise 407 kilometers an hour Not an even marketing friendly 400 But 407 Out of the showroom No mods And the reason why Because winning the top speed battle Had nothing to do With other road cars This was about race cars And the Veyron's target Was to avenge the loss Of his all-conquering Porsche 917 That had been taken away from him When he and all the cousins Were kicked out of Porsche management In the intervening years A crucial racing record Had been taken from the 917 The Peugeot WMP88 Now held the record For the highest speed Ever achieved On the Mulsanne Street at Le Mans That speed Was 407 kilometers an hour That was the Veyron's target And it's kind of hard To think of a bigger middle finger To a race car Than building a road car That's just as fast But also happens to be An exquisitely crafted luxury car That your grandmother Could drive to church When it comes to showing off A company's technical prowess There are three main yardsticks That's power Acceleration And top speed And the Veyron Held the record for all three However There's another yardstick That's of no less Sex appeal to engineers And that's efficiency 250 miles an hour Wasn't enough for Dr. Pieck He also wanted 250 miles per gallon And he got it This is a mid-engined two-seater Like the Veyron The whole car is carbon fiber Like the Veyron It has carbon ceramic brakes And a seven-speed DSG Like the Veyron Its door hinges and gas struts Are works of industrial art Even better than the Veyron's And like the Veyron It's turbocharged And what the hell is it Well, if you'd let me Finish my voice over I was just about to say It is the Bugatti Veyron of MPGs The Volkswagen XL1 All right, the Volkswagen XL1 Should have been A cardboard rolling science experiment With wires hanging everywhere And parts falling off They only made 200 of these things Bugatti made more than Twice that many Veyrons When it comes down to Low volume experimental cars It doesn't get any more Low volume than this And yet the car is Staggeringly well built This is a real complete car A complete car with One-eighth as many cylinders As a Veyron But two is clearly enough Because we are doing One hundred miles an hour In the world's first car To ever be government rated At less than one liter Per hundred kilometers This used 0.9 That is 261 miles per gallon Though probably not at these speeds And at the end of this video We'll link to our Revelations episode on it Because the XL1 story Is really, really, really cool And key point Literally Its key was identical To the Golf's key Which was identical To the Phaeton's key Which was identical To the Veyron's key Because this one part Was good enough for all of them PX part sharing strategy Had won him The game of the automobile He owned everything Volkswagen, Audi, Porsche Bentley, Bugatti To say nothing of Lamborghini Seat and Skoda VW had everything From the bottom of the market To the absolute top And so In April 2015 At the age of 78 Dr. Ferdinand Carl Piëch Tendered his resignation To the Volkswagen Supervisory Board Knowing he'd done it all Or maybe he just knew What was coming next Just five months later Volkswagen was in big trouble German automaker Volkswagen Is in court today Facing a class action lawsuit Over an emissions cheating scandal The so-called Dieselgate They actively, very scientifically And very thoroughly planned How they were going to defraud The U.S. government And at the core of it all Piëch's beloved TDI engine After installing a defeat device That would allow noxious emissions In the real world While appearing to be clean On government tests Dieselgate has now cost Volkswagen almost 40 billion dollars And it killed off The diesel passenger car Completely in the U.S. Mortally wounded it in Europe, too Last year, Europeans Bought more electric cars Than they did diesels Piëch maintained He had no knowledge Of the defeat devices And that might well be true Because they were all engineered And implemented After his mandatory retirement age Where he sat on The supervisory board Ossensibly just watching Over the company Or he could have Just killed people No one knows What we do know Is that Piëch's named successor Maarten Vindelkorn Is now a fugitive of U.S. law And he's about to start His own trial in Germany Maybe then we'll find out Whether he ever told Dr. Piëch About the defeat device That he approved for use When for once Volkswagen's engineers Couldn't pull off the impossible It's not just diesel And Dr. Piëch That are both gone Like Dr. Piëch himself This Bentley is 50% Porsche DNA But this will be The last Bentley ever To use a Piëch-era W engine And it doesn't end there Bugatti didn't just confirm The end of the W16 The whole brand was so lost Without Dr. Piëch That it turned over the keys To a Croatian upstart The VR6 engine is dead The Audi 5-cylinder is on death watch Installed in only one car Even the Golf The centerpiece of Volkswagen's lineup For 50 years Is on life support Dieselgate spelled the sudden end of TDI And it should have set Volkswagen up To dominate the EV market By forcing it to pivot more quickly Than any other traditional carmaker But instead we got an ID disaster Without Piëch at the helm Volkswagen was just lost And so now Looking back on that 30-year period Where Volkswagen was on top of the world We know That chapter didn't belong to Volkswagen That chapter belonged to just one man What a chapter it was An example of just how stout Piëch-era engineering was This Veyron was driven into a saltwater lagoon Thanks to Piëch It's here Thanks to Huston Crosta This very Veyron is here He chronicled resurrecting the Scubati Like a hero And then sent it to us to abuse It's pretty amazing There's a link to his videos below You should watch them Also don't forget to click on the link At the top of your screen To see our whole episode On the absolutely astonishing Volkswagen XL1 The super car, super mileage, super thing That you've never even heard of Thank you