What caused the Peasants' Revolt? Part 2: Poll Taxes | 2 Minute History
6 Video Views·Mar 2, 2024
In this video, suitable for GCSE and A Level History, Claire Kennan explores how poll taxes led to the Peasants' Revolt of 1381.
[Music]
in the summer of 1381 Essex and Kent
erupted in rebellion contemporary
chroniclers recalled how crowds
assembled and began to clamor for
Liberty planning to become the equals of
their Lords these local revolts soon
spread culminating in the biggest
popular uprising England had seen but
what made the people so angry the
tensions between the Commons and the
nobility had been increasing for some
time but it was the poll taxes of 1377
to 1381 which was a catalyst for this
uprising raised to fund the Kings
Foreign Wars the money failed to deliver
military success in 1377 a fleet of
French ships attacks of burnt towns
along the south coast and popular
resentment grew even with this money the
King was unable to protect his subjects
from foreign raids the first poll tax
was levied at a flat rate of one group
per person regardless of an individual's
wealth this equated to about two days
work for the average labourer the second
granted in 1379 had a sliding scale but
the poor still had to make a
contribution however it was the third
poll tax granted in 1381 which caused
the most problems this was once again at
a flat rate but at a much higher rate of
three gross per person 'ok waiting to
about two weeks of work for a labourer
not only were these taxes unfair but
people resented that they had failed to
produce a successful military campaign
tax evasion became endemic official
records show that between the first poll
tax in 1377 and the third poll tax in
1381 as many as 450,000 taxpayers
disappeared from the records when this
tax didn't raise as much money as king
richard ii expected he dispatched
representatives to find out what was
going on and to collect the outstanding
sums this was when

