Who was Simon de Montfort? | Henry III and the Second Barons' War | 2 Minute History
Mar 2, 2024
In this video, suitable for GCSE and A Level History, Claire Kennan explores the role of Simon de Montfort in the Second Barons' War. From royal favourite to rebel in chief, this video charts the story of a man variously regarded as a would-be king and the father of Parliament.
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in 12:30 a French nobleman landed in
England to claim his contested
inheritance and the title Earl of
Leicester his name was Simon de Montfort
and he bought with him mercenaries for
Henry the Third's latest for an
expedition a deal was struck de Montfort
Sami in return for the elder Sam orphan
rose quickly through the social ranks
marrying the King's sister Elinor in
1238 whilst firm friends to begin with
De Montfort and the King soon fell out
over a debt that Simon owed to the King
of Savoy which had said Henry would
guarantee meanwhile Henry's failed
foreign policy spiraling debts and
resentment to the influence of
foreigners at court resulted in growing
opposition amongst the Barons led by De
Montfort in 1258 the opposition drafted
the provisions of Oxford which for a
time promise to limit royal power
however when De Montfort returned to
France in 1260 Henry went back on his
word De Montfort returned to England in
1263 and in 1264 led a rebel army that
defeated the king at the Battle of Lewes
he then established a government based
on the provisions led by the King's
Council and he invited to Parliament for
the first time representatives of the
borough towns
however de Montfort victory was
short-lived a year later in 1265 at the
Battle of Evesham forces loyal to the
king and those loyal to De Montfort
engaged in battle once more the outcomes
are a sounding victory for Henry des
monts that was found dead on the
battlefield
having been stabbed in the neck his body
was mutilated and his body parts were
dispatched across the kingdom as a
warning to would be traitors the mob
that's wife fled to France where she was
later joined by her sons ending the de
Montfort family as a political force in
England but following his death Simon
was heralded as a martyr
at the Abbey of Evesham were de menthe
that was briefly buried miracles were
reported however Henry soon forbade any
reference to De Montfort as a saint
nevertheless people continue to visit
the site of his death marking the
beginning of the de Montfort legend and
the origins of his posthumous title as
the father of parliament
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