Dinamika Lithosfer #2 Jenis dan Siklus Pembentukan Batuan

Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh Welcome to the Andi Guru Geography channel Types and Cycles of Stones What are the stones? Let's start with lithosphere Lithosphere is an outer layer of the earth which is hard, dense, and cold Lithosphere consists of various types of stones Stones are dense or solid objects which are naturally made from one type or more of the mineral Stones are made from magma which is inside the earth's stomach which then comes out to the surface of the earth through the extrusion lines such as in the crater of a volcano The types of stones are based on the way they are formed The first is frozen stone or igneous rock Frozen stone is a stone formed from magma freezing which occurs due to the event of cooling and magma densification and covers almost the entire surface of the earth Frozen stones have among other features The structure is homogeneous and compact does not have layers In general, it does not contain fossils such as granite, scoria, pumice, and obsidian The second type of stone based on the way it is formed is sediment stone or often referred to as sedimentary rock It is a stone formed due to the event of sedimentation by various transport energies such as water, wind, and glacier The material of sedimentary rock is sand, mud, and gravel which undergoes a hardening process after being deposited The features of sedimentary rock include First, it has clear layers We see in this picture Sedimentary rock has clear layers Second, it has a clastic or granule nature There are granules because it consists of several minerals sand, mud, and gravel So it has a clastic nature Usually there are also many fossils in it For example, this is sandstone or in a certain type of sedimentary rock which is also deposited and hardened into stone Examples of sedimentary rocks are sandstone, limestone, conglomerate, and gypsum The third type of rock based on the way it is formed is mallian rock or often referred to as metamorphic rock It is a type of rock formed from other rocks which undergo physical and chemical changes due to high temperature and pressure changes Metamorphic rock or mallian rock can come from frozen rock or sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock is also referred to as mallian rock The features of metamorphic rock are First, it has a variety of colors In one rock, it has different colors It has a foliation and non-foliation structure It has crystal shapes Examples of metamorphic rock are marble, slate, quartzite, and gneiss How is the rock formed? The rock is formed through several cycles where the process of forming the rock is formed The process is long, long, and in sequence forming a cycle called rock cycle The rock is formed from magma which is frozen by the tectonic and volcanic processes This is the rock of magma Then there is a firebird which experiences cooling Then it freezes and forms a frozen rock Over time, the frozen rock is eroded by water or wind or glacier and settles in one place becoming sedimentary rock Then the sedimentary rock sinks into the earth's crust due to the tectonic force then turns into metamorphic rock Because of excessive pressure and heat the metamorphic rock turns into magma The magma is released to the earth's surface through the eruption of Mount Brabant becoming frozen rock and so on So the process is circular from the formation of the rock which will continue In the process, the rock cycle is not always neat like the above example So the ideal cycle of the rock cycle is the rock formed from magma which then turns into frozen rock then due to erosion and erosion becomes sedimentary rock Then the rock becomes sedimentary rock hardens due to heat and pressure turns into metamorphic rock Then from metamorphic rock which is more exposed to heat and pressure erupts into magma This is the ideal cycle But in reality the rock cycle is not always like that There is a condition where the rock is formed from magma from cold magma then turns into frozen rock because of the heat process then erupts back into magma cools down again turns into frozen rock erupts again just circling there Or then from frozen rock from magma that turns into frozen rock then due to heat and high pressure turns into metamorphic rock erupts again turns into magma cools down turns into frozen rock due to heat and pressure turns into metamorphic rock erupts again It can also be due to cooling frozen rock hot metamorphic rock then due to erosion and erosion turns into sedimentary rock which due to heat and pressure turns into metamorphic rock again So it's like that There is a continuous circular process Sometimes it happens not according to the ideal of a formed rock Okay, that was a picture of how a rock is formed Thank you for your attention That's all Wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh