Huyền Thoại Cuộc Đời Tứ Đại Công Tước Xinh Đẹp Nhất Nước Nga

In 1913, King Nicholas II and his family attended the 300th anniversary of the Romanovs. The crowd was as if bewitched when they saw the four daughters of the King. They wore white dresses and wore the same beautiful hats. The four princesses were as beautiful and pure as if they had just come out of a fairy tale. Today, they are worshiped in the Russian church as goddesses of virtue. They are beautiful, young, pure, and a symbol of beauty in the morning. The story of their life is always fascinating and strange, because there are many mysterious factors revolving around their noble life and their tragic death. The story of the four princesses is closely related to the story of their parents, Queen Alexandra and King Nicholas II, the last king of Russia. Alexandra is a beautiful princess from Germany. Queen Alexandra is Princess Alice, the second daughter of Queen Victoria. Alexandra has a happy family and a noble, rich life. But in 1878, when Alexandra was only 6 years old, a tragedy happened to her family. A terrible disease killed her mother and sister Alexandra at the same time. She was seriously injured by their knife. Alexandra was a shy, introverted girl. After her mother passed away, Alexandra moved to live with her grandmother, Queen Victoria of Britain. Alexandra was raised strictly according to the British aristocratic style. In 1884, when she was only 12 years old, Alexandra came to St. Petersburg Palace to attend her sister's wedding. Here, Alexandra met Nicholas II, a 16-year-old boy, and was the successor to the throne of King Alexander III. One day, Nicholas will rule a sixth of the earth and be one of the richest kings in the world. Other dynasties have become smaller than the Romanov dynasty of Russia. In just a few years, the couple fell in love. However, Queen Victoria, Alexandra's grandmother, expressed concern about this love. Russia is a remote, strange and unstable country. Meanwhile, Nicholas's parents did not like anything about Germany. They don't like Germany, and they don't want a shy, introverted German princess like Alexandra to be their daughter-in-law. At the end of the 19th century, Russia was a large country stuck between the Middle Ages and modern times. The agricultural system was abolished 30 years earlier, but most people still lived in poverty. Meanwhile, the process of industrialization is rapidly changing the country. However, the monarchy seems to be unable to keep up with this change. While the strength of other monarchical systems in Europe is weakening, Nicholas will still inherit absolute power like any other prince for 300 years. In the autumn of 1894, Nicholas was coming to Germany to visit Alexandra when he was suddenly summoned home. Nicholas's father fell ill and passed away when he was only 49 years old, leaving the responsibility of ruling the country for his son, still confused and not ready for the position of prince. Just a week after his father's death, Nicholas married Alexandra at a faraway wedding at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. The couple had a strong love that helped them overcome all the challenges in life. This is especially important to Alexandra. She got married in a foreign country. Alexandra did not find any other comfort except Nicholas' arms. Alexandra had a pretty difficult time when she first arrived in the Russian Empire. Everything happened too fast and she did not have time to prepare. Alexandra wanted to learn Russian and learn about Russian tradition before getting married, but after Nicholas' father passed away, they had to get married right away without any preparation. The rituals and rules of the Russian emperor made Alexandra feel suffocated. She came from a small German country and did not have much responsibility on her shoulders. Alexandra became the center of attention of everyone. She had to shake hands, talk, smile to all the guests during the receptions and parties. Alexandra often was absent-minded because of headaches. Alexandra did not like a boring and meaningless life. Although this made her receive a lot of criticism, Nicholas always protected and protected her. Alexandra did not like to live in the palace. Instead, she chose to live in a royal palace in Sakhalin, a quiet, beautiful place full of charm. Here, they welcomed four girls, Olga, Tatiana, Maria and Anastasia. Olga loved poetry, music and was a dreamy, romantic girl. She was very feminine and had the most sensitive soul among the four sisters. Tatiana was a beautiful and smart girl. In contrast to Olga, Tatiana was very strong and independent. This sometimes made others feel that she was a bit weird and difficult to get close to. On the contrary, the third girl, Maria, was a warm and harmonious girl. Maria was said to be the most gentle, gentle and easy to be bullied among the four sisters, especially by Anastasia. Anastasia, the youngest daughter, was the most mischievous child in the family. Anastasia was active, cheerful and always joking. She was known as a cheerful girl. Usually, the parents of the nobles at that time were not close to their children. The nobles' children were often raised by their fathers and taught by their teachers. However, Alexandra wanted to raise her own children and want to raise them directly. This made her receive a lot of criticism from the nobles at that time. Although she lived in a faraway land, she was poor and depressed. Alexandra always taught her children to be modest and independent. The princesses had to clean their own rooms and live in a disciplined way. They were not spoiled and learned to live simply, without showing off. Alexandra tried to give her children the least royalistic life. They loved, laughed, and were stubborn like other normal children. Although Nicholas and Alexandra were very happy to have four princesses, they were still a little upset because Alexandra had not yet given birth to a son. On July 30, 1904, luckily, they were laughed at. The mouth of the tyrant shot 301 guns to welcome and announce the birth of his successor, Prince Alexei. The church bells rang all over the place to bless the royal family. However, the joy of the faraway couple was short-lived. Prince Alexei was seriously ill. After birth, Alexei's uterus did not stop bleeding. It was the wish of the royal family, a genetic disease commonly found in royal families. There was no way to prevent or treat this disease. Until 1950, this disease was still considered a suicide for anyone who had it. The average life span of people with cold-blooded disease is 16 years old. When her son was ill, the faraway couple looked for the best doctors to treat him, but no one was good enough to help the prince. Then they met a mysterious man named Rasputin. Rasputin claimed to be a monk from Serbia and was able to cure a miracle. Rasputin quickly won the trust of the faraway couple after he helped reduce the pain of Prince Alexei during a serious bleeding in 1908. Rasputin was not only considered a savior for Alexei, but also a psychological doctor for Alexandra and the teacher of the Four Great Kings. Rasputin often gave advice to soothe the queen's spirit and was the one who trusted the monks to ask for advice when they went through the psychological changes of the age of the teacher. Although each person has a personality and a unique beauty, the four sisters are very close and they all take good care of their sick brother, Alexei. They always try to protect the boy so that the boy does not bleed. Having a weak, sick son to inherit the throne is a bad thing for the future of the royal family. Alexandra gradually lost her spirit and her body. She was always stressed or weak and had to sit in a wheelchair to move. Many people believe that Alexandra was always worried that her husband could be assassinated at any time. Because although she was a wonderful husband and father, Nicholas was a weak and unkind leader. Nicholas is said to be a person with a dreamy soul, but has no leadership skills and lacks the necessary political knowledge to become a king. When he was just defended, Nicholas was loved and supported by the people. However, Nicholas soon proved to be a weak leader, kind-hearted, afraid of controversy, naive and indecisive. Although smart and highly educated, he never had an active attitude and dared not make decisions. He often listened to the military and made many wrong political decisions, leading to the death of hundreds of thousands of people. A clash between Russia and Japan occurred in the early 20th century when Nicholas aspired to expand his territory in the eastern region. Nicholas's foreign policy was a catalyst for the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. Nicholas objected to the idea that the Japanese were small, feminine and weak. He ignored reports about the military strength and capabilities of the Japanese navies. As a result, Russia lost the war. More than 70,000 Russian soldiers were killed and injured in the war. Nicholas's wrong decisions made him more and more hated by the working class and poor farmers. On Sunday, January 9, 1905, about 120,000 people took part in a protest in the Winter Palace. They carried religious symbols, flags, and phoenixes. As they marched, they sang hymns and chanted, The Lord bless the phoenix. Most of the protesters were women, farmers, and the poor working class. They wanted to meet the phoenix to send a letter of apology, hoping the phoenix would bring new policies to save the lives of the people. However, instead of meeting the people and listening to their prayers, Nicholas was terrified that a major riot might break out. He listened to the advice of his advisor, left the palace, and let the roadblocks shoot into the crowd. The massacre led to 92 deaths and hundreds of injuries. Nicholas's bullets shot through the banjos and trumpets, symbols of faith and hope for the people. This event was called the Bloody Sunday, and from that day on, the phoenix image of Nicholas had completely collapsed in the hearts of the Russian people. Some people were angry and called him an ordinary murderer. Most believed that Nicholas was a weak, cowardly phoenix. In 1915, World War I broke out. The phoenix Nicholas returned to the battlefield. The men had to go to the battlefield, so women and children had to work instead of them on fields and factories. Life was getting more and more difficult. Food was scarce. On the battlefield, the number of wounded and killed soldiers reached hundreds of thousands. The anger and dismay among the people, which was all over the place, was getting worse, just waiting for the day to explode. In World War I, Alexandra and her three daughters took part in the Red Cross. Their job was not just to provide cold medicine to those who were injured or to take care of the sick. They were real nurses, and had to bear the most horrific injuries. In just one week, they saw their arms and legs cut off because of death and had to bear the terrible pain that people had to endure. Although it was only a short distance from the palace, the hospital was a completely different world for the girls. For the first time, they got to know what a normal person's world was like outside the vast palace. Instead, war allowed them to see the outside world and have the social interaction that they always yearned for, although it was only with the wounded soldiers after the war. Meanwhile, the close relationship between the royal family and Rasputin made their image worse in the eyes of the people. Hundreds of false rumors began to circulate that the Queen had an unsubstantial relationship with Rasputin, that Rasputin was the one who had the power to control the emperor, that Rasputin and the Queen were spies for the Germans and betrayed Russia. When these rumors were repeated many times and by many people, they gradually became the truth. These rumors were not only believed by the street workers, but gradually, countries and ambassadors from abroad also believed in these rumors. The people believe that the rule of the emperor, who represents the emperor, has become extreme and they want to get rid of it. Political unrest began with the assassination of Rasputin on December 16, 1916. He was murdered in the palace's basement by the nobles of the royal family. This proved that the emperor was not only hated by the people, but he also lost the trust of the closest people in the empire. The royal generals hoped that the assassination of Rasputin could ease the public opinion and strengthen the image of the Roman Empire. However, the result was completely the opposite. By January 1917, riots broke out and a coup was coming. Nicholas' military advisers said that only his pleasure could solve the crisis. On February 2, 1917, more than three centuries of the rule of the Romanov family ended when Nicholas had to leave the throne. Nicholas transferred the throne to his brother Mikhail as a successor, but Mikhail refused. The royal family was advised to flee the palace because their safety was threatened by the chaos in the city. The water lines leading to the palace were cut off and more and more soldiers fell asleep. However, the girls were sick at that time, which made the situation even more confusing. They thought about asking for asylum in England under the reign of King George, Nicholas' brother. Initially, the king of England agreed to allow them to flee. However, after being advised, he agreed and refused to help the Nicholas family. The king of England was worried that this could lead them to political conflicts and a bad impact on their imperial image. The Nicholas family also tried to ask for asylum in Germany and other European countries, but they were all refused. Finally, the whole family was imprisoned in the palace. After being attacked by the guards, the hair of the four great princes began to fall and they had to shave their heads. Their lives were completely messed up, but they did not know that the storm had just begun. After five months of imprisonment, on August 1, 1917, the whole family was transferred to Tverskaya, Serbia. In Tverskaya, they boarded a special ship without knowing the final destination. All they were told was that they had to prepare for a long journey to the east and had to bring a lot of warm clothes. Tverskaya is an isolated area 1,700 miles east of St. Petersburg. There is no railroad and you can only get there by boat. During the winter, which lasts up to 7 months in Serbia, the rivers around it are frozen and the area will be completely isolated from the outside world. Here, the Nicholas family lives under the care of the government. Meanwhile, a new revolution has emerged, called the October Revolution. A man named Vladimir Lenin was elected as the government leader. Lenin had planned to take Nicholas to trial. The Bolsheviks asked the Kremlin to hand over the Nicholas family to them. The Nicholas family was transferred to Zekaterinburg to hand over to the Bolsheviks. However, because Alexei's son was too weak for the trip, Alexei stayed with the older daughter Olga to wait for Alexei to get better and then follow the family. The biggest fear of the family was that the final separation had come true. After the separation, the three daughters, Nicholas and Alexandra, were transferred to live in a house called the House of Special Purpose. Outside the house is a high wooden wall. The windows are painted white to prevent their family from looking at the outside world. The guards watched closely for the members of the family. Even when they went to the bathroom, there were guards standing in front of the door. The life of the Nicholas family was getting more and more gloomy. A month later, Olga and Alexei were reunited with the other members of the family. But the joy of reunion was just passing by on their tearful smiles. The illness of Alexandra and Alexei was getting worse. They could not go back easily. Four beautiful girls Meanwhile, Nicholas still believed that his family was about to be rescued by the Bach Army, the loyal army of Saigon. Nicholas was too optimistic. After knowing that the Bach Army was trying to rescue the royal family, the Bolshevik military council acted quickly. On the evening of July 17, 1918, the Nicholas family, along with a doctor and three nurses, were woken up from sleep. They were informed that they had to go down to the basement because there was a riot in the area. Eleven people were lying in a dark room, their eyes full of panic and fear. The only way out of the room was locked. Nicholas asked for two chairs for his wife and son because they were too weak to stand. Jacob Zurobsky, the commander of the guard, laughed and said, ''You want to die while sitting on the chair? Then bring him one.'' Then Jacob read the suicide note. The Bach Army decided to kill the royal family before they were rescued. Nicholas still could not believe the truth while everyone was terrified, standing next to each other when the soldiers took out their guns. Four girls made a vow and prayed, but nothing could save them. They could not complete the vow when a series of gunshots rang out. The whole room was covered in smoke and the sound was loud. The sound made the dogs in the house scream, so Jacob ordered the soldiers to shoot the dogs dead. This was a secret mission and they were ordered not to let anyone know about the execution. Each soldier was assigned to shoot a specific member, but many of them did not want to shoot the girls, so they mainly aimed at the old emperor and queen. After a series of chaotic gunshots, Nicholas and Alexandra died immediately, but most of the girls were only injured and still alive. In addition, the Nicholas family stuck diamonds and precious jewelry into their clothes. Each soldier had 1.3 kg of diamonds on him. The hard diamonds accidentally became a layer of bulletproof clothing, causing some of the bullets to pop out. When the bullets could not kill the four girls, they used a bow to stab and aim at the head. The bloodbath lasted at least 20 minutes. Subsequent investigations showed that about 70 bullets were fired, that is, each person was shot about 7 bullets. During the chaos, the soldiers fought over 6 types of corpses to hide the diamonds. After the bloodbath, the soldiers loaded all 11 corpses on a truck and took them to a nearby forest to burn. Because the traffic was too heavy, the truck had to struggle for 14 kilometers on a winding road to reach the forest. Jacob was extremely angry when he found out that the soldiers only brought a shovel to dig up the corpses. This happened because all the soldiers were in a state of drunkenness. The soldiers were not alert enough to steal the girls' jackets to find the diamonds hidden in them. After a few hours of driving, they found an empty box. Jacob decided to bury 11 corpses right here because they could not go any further. He and 5 other men put the bodies on the grass and removed all the clothes on them. The clothes were packed so that Jacob could check all the diamonds and precious stones. Then all the clothes were burned. Jacob ordered the soldiers to throw them into the pit and pour acid on them so that no one could recognize them. However, the pit was only 3 meters deep and there was a lot of muddy water at the bottom so it was too deep to bury all the corpses. Jacob tried to use a mine to break down the pit but also failed. Jacob carried people, buried the ground and branches there. Then he returned to the city with a bag full of 8.2 kg of diamonds. In addition, the Bolshevik side also took over the residence of the royal family and collected numerous jewelry and valuable items. One of the most valuable items to this day is the resurrection eggs that Nicholas gave a famous goldsmith as a gift to his wife. Things that are considered unvaluable were frozen and burned. Everything was packed in their own boxes and sent back to the capital. After hearing the report, Jacob's superiors said that the pit was too deep Jacob asked the locals to dig a few more pits in a remote area in the west. On July 18, Jacob ordered to send more vehicles to the oil, acid and dried wood to the pit where 11 corpses were buried. They used ropes to pull out each corpse and put them all on a tray. The bodies were put on the vehicle and brought to a deeper pit. By dawn on July 19, the vehicle was stuck in the mud again. All the soldiers were exhausted so Jacob decided to bury them right under the dead vehicle. Jacob decided to separate Alexei's body and a sister to bury them in a separate grave about 15 meters away. The purpose of this was to trick anyone later to find the grave because there were only 9 bodies instead of 11. Alexei's body and his sister's were burned in the fire. Then they were thrown into a smaller pit. The original Bolsheviks only announced that they had killed Nicholas and his wife was still alive. However, Lenin had to admit his bloodshed in 1926 after a separate French investigation. Lenin's cover-up has sparked many rumors that Princess Anna Theja and Alexei were still alive because their bodies were not found. Many people started to claim that this was a conspiracy to attract the attention of the media. In 1979, the investigator Alexander discovered the burial site. The names of the two bodies were later confirmed by DNA analysis with the support of British experts. In 1998, 80 years after the execution, the last two bodies of the Nicholas family were buried at a national cemetery at Peter and Paul Church in Saint Petersburg. They were identified as the twins of Prince Alexei and a sister, Anna Theja or Maria. In 2008, after a long legal dispute, the Russian Prosecutor's Office restored the reputation of the Romanov family and regarded them as the victims of a political coup. However, no one was prosecuted. The Nicholas family was recognized by the Orthodox Church outside Russia as self-righteous priests. However, a survey in July 2018 showed that 57% of Russians believed that the execution of the royal family, especially their innocent children, was a political crime. Meanwhile, 43% of the rest of the population believed that Nicholas had to be punished for his mistakes. Rumors about the only princess who survived have become a source of inspiration for many films and popular novels. It's sad to see the truth as ugly as a movie.