🔴🔵보수/진보 뇌구조가 다르다고? 뇌과학자가 본 갈등의 이유 @CuriousBrainLab ​

So what people fight about the most is whether it's progressive or conservative. Among brain science studies, there are quite a few studies on the characteristics of the brain that distinguish between conservative and progressive. There's a paper from a publisher called Nature. There was something wrong. There was something stressful about it. But if you recover well from here, there's a high possibility of being conservative. Rather, the tendency to be difficult to get out of this collapse There are more brains that are closer to progressive. So let's move forward. Let's change something. Let's make it better. It's even worse than stress. In the past, when Israel and Palestine were in the middle of a conflict, What kind of experiment did you do? What is the solution that can solve this conflict for the Israelis? I told you to write it down. I told the Palestinians to write down the solution. And then I changed it. The content. I gave it back to the Palestinians and Israelis who didn't know it. Which solution do you support? Did you choose it by looking at the label? Or did you choose the solution by looking at the content? These days, when I look at the images of conflicts and fights on the Internet, Sadly, I think I would have chosen it by looking at the label. Exactly. Oh, no. I wanted you to say no. Who said it without looking at the content? I came to a conclusion with this one. These days, on the Internet, They say it's a time of conflict more than ever. But I don't think it's a time of conflict more than ever. If you look at history, humans always fight, hate each other, I think we've been fighting, killing, and waging war. I think it's only now that it looks real-time. It's easy to divide and fight humans. For example, there's a piece of paper here. There are 100 dots on it. How many do you see? Show it to me. This person is 96, 113. You're writing something. Show it to someone else. This person is writing, too. And then you divide people up. Now, show me this side of the person who has more than 100 dots. Show me this side of the person who has less than 100 dots. They say we'll evaluate each other later. I've already divided it up. People who have less than 100 dots like me look a little cooler, more handsome, and more normal. People who looked different from me. Isn't that a little weird? You can already make such a prejudice. It's really easy to divide people up. One of the textbooks I read when I was in middle school in the U.S. It's called blue eyes and brown eyes. I know. To show the kids how much discrimination occurs in ridiculous places, Divide the class into brown eyes and blue eyes. Brown-eyed kids work out harder, so they use brown-eyed kids first. You wait. It's blue eyes. That's what they say. If a brown-eyed kid has a high score, You're a brown-eyed kid, so you have a good score. You're a blue-eyed kid, so I think you got a bad test score. That's what they said. That's how we got to know each other at first. At some point, the brown-eyed kids don't play with the blue-eyed kids. They're the ones who cause problems, don't listen to the teacher, and can't study. That's how they started not to play. The difference that people can't feel just by looking at the difference is that they draw a line and divide people in an instant. But these days, I've been hearing a lot of people's opinions on the Internet. I hear a lot of opinions from people who are trying to divide the line. Hey, society is actually divided into two lines. Society is actually divided into two lines. Actually, this is the line. So there are so many lines. They fight like this, they fight like this, they fight like this. So I think that's why people are so angry on the Internet. I think it's not just the comments that fight. It's not just the blue-eyed and brown-eyed. There are green eyes, left and right eyes, and there are a lot of lines. But the world is black or white. Oh, yeah. Black and white. It's known to be a kind of cognitive distortion that only one of the two is extremely divided. What exactly is cognitive distortion? There's cognitive bias and cognitive distortion. Cognitive bias is not that we all look at something objectively, but we tend to look at it biased. For example, when you hear a compliment, you say, When you hear a negative feedback, you don't feel the same way, but you feel more negative. This is also a kind of cognitive bias. But cognitive distortion doesn't tend to be like bias. It's a distorted view of the world itself. The world I know and the real world are completely different. It could go that far. This is what I believe. There's only one bad guy in the world. If it's not on my side, there's only one who's not on my side. It's a kind of cognitive distortion that's extremely divided into this form. The most unfair scene in the history of the Civil War is that I believe in the third one. Some people who fight on both sides come and say, Choose between us and them. But if you can't choose, kill him. There's a really good solution here. Lewis Carroll, who wrote Alice in Wonderland, gives a little answer. When you're actually fighting in England, Are you on Richard's side? Are you on William's side? At this moment, I'm going to answer like this. I'm on William's side. Because of his bias, he said, Oh, I think he said Richard. And then they said, Oh, I think he said William. No matter what you say, I recommend that you speak so that both sides can understand. So the world is actually between white and black. There's an infinite gray shade. It's called black-and-white logic, which is a cognitive distortion that looks at this as a yes-no question. That's right. I think it's a cognitive distortion phenomenon called black-and-white logic or extremism. We believe that there are seven colors of rainbows. Actually, depending on what kind of drawer you make, The color difference is red up to here, orange up to here, and yellow up to here. But that's different depending on what kind of drawers you have in a certain era in a certain culture. The black-and-white logic I just mentioned has only two drawers. So the infinite colors of the rainbow are bright and dark. If you divide it into these two, it's a cognitive distortion. The world that people with cognitive distortions see is actually beautiful and difficult. Even if you don't have blue eyes and brown eyes, Some people don't agree with brown eyes. What's the blue eye? What's the brown eye? There are people who have a strong will to gather us and protect our side. On the contrary, I have a strong will for my side. People who have a strong tendency to protect each other are more likely to discriminate against others. This is now explained in the brain as oxytocin. Oxytocin is actually a hormone that makes a mother feel love and trust with her child. But if this is overexposed, the arms don't go up and down, so only my baby is pretty. Even if the child next to me is sick, I don't care. You can go beyond this behavior. In a way, the difference that Oxytocin talked about can explain some of the generational conflicts. The upper generations are the ones who are good at blood ties, family ties, and school ties. So they're good at taking care of their loved ones, but they're a little weak at being fair to everyone. On the other hand, the MZ generation is a little weaker in terms of relationship because they are individualistic. In some respects, the idea that all rules and standards should be applied to everyone should be stronger. If you're trying to be more community-oriented, you might have to be a little less loyal. If you don't care and just say, I want to live my life, you can be free from such cognitive distortions. In fact, black and white logic is a cognitive distortion, but everyone has this tendency. So it's just one of the distortions to see as a serious distortion. There's a serious distortion. If I look at some facts, I think this is totally extreme. We're all going to fail. We're all going to die. It's called catastrophicization. In the 1990s, when young people couldn't tolerate old generations, they wore tight leggings or something like that. Some grandfathers say, They're doing that, and the country is going to fail. That's kind of the light version of catastrophicization. But if they just laugh and say it like a habit, it's not catastrophicization yet. To save the non-human world, they suddenly join a terrorist group. It's one of the symptoms of catastrophicization to do such extreme actions. But I think this catastrophicization was used a lot in history to make people fight or make some groups disturb other groups. Do you know why Germany lost the World War I and the country became like this? It's because the Jews stabbed us in the back. If we keep letting them go, our country will be ruined. So people reacted very strongly. When the epidemic starts, do you know why the epidemic is going around like this? It's because that woman is a witch. So if we just let her go, our black death will spread and the country will die. So throw her in the well. It's not illogical or rational. It's a sign of controlling fear and anger. When someone fights, this logic works so well. Is there a characteristic that other people don't have in the brains of people who fall into this easily? It's a little scary when you see people who are in a certain ideology called Gwangshindo. In the case of chronic pain patients, there are records that they have severe catastrophicization. It's also observed in depression, burnout, or chronic fatigue syndrome. So they explain it like this. Ordinary people can go through pain, go through depression, and not go through depression. People with severe catastrophicization have different kinds of pain and suffering. I think there are a lot of things like that in history books. Who was the most active in accepting Hitler's Nazi catastrophicization logic? It's the 1st World War. The core of the Nazis. They went to war once and saw people die when they were too young. And then they were labeled as a defeated country and even experienced failure. I think they were more strongly accepted that the country was going to fail. In a way, these people have PTSD, so they have post-traumatic stress disorder. Hitler's regime played a role in raising their trauma as a tool. As you said, people who are already suffering from other pains are saying that the country is going to fail, the world is going to fail. I think it's very likely to accept these words very actively. What is the difference between the two? In fact, what we talked about today are cognitive distortions. If you look closely, you can see that people only look at the label and don't look at the content. It's an extreme case. It's a catastrophicization. It's a personalization. There are cases where this is extreme. I think there's a part of it that we can all see. I think the way we don't fight is the most important thing is to recognize that I'm not objective. So when most people fight, they all have a little distortion. I can't see my distortion, but I can see the other person's distortion. I'm telling the truth, but I twisted it. But in fact, I twist it, you twist it, this person twists it, and everyone twists the world a little bit. I think we need to recognize that to fight less. There was a time when I had a hard time with conflict and fight. But at that time, I was working part-time at a hospital in Germany. There are a lot of really weird people, but no matter how many weird patients come, they don't get angry. They don't fight. In other words, they're crazy people, so I don't have to get mad at this person. It's too generous and there's no fight. So what kind of insight I got was that everyone in the world is crazy, including me. If you think like this, you don't have to fight. Because everyone has a cognitive bias. In fact, we're all not normal. It's a little crazy. If you think we're all crazy, it's very generous. Bertrand Russell. There's a saying by Bertrand Russell. All the problems in the world are filled with worries and worries, and fools are full of confidence and think they're right. On the other hand, a little wiser people are always full of worries, like, am I right? Am I allowed to do this? I come out here and talk about it with confidence. Every time I come here, I go home and kick the blanket. I'm a fool if I'm not crazy. Because the moment I say something with confidence, I think about it. Then this is the moment when you can fall asleep while thinking. I'm thinking about it, so I'm wise. Today, we talked about the reason why people fight cognitive bias with Dr. Jang Dong-sun at the Joseon Dynasty Exploration Center. Is that the conclusion? Yes, that's the conclusion. I'll see you next time with a more interesting story. Goodbye.