黃仁勳親口證實：美國靠台灣再工業化，台灣值得被肯定｜台灣人才赴美，撐起美國半導體製造｜美國智庫專訪(下)｜中英對照｜英聽訓練

Let me ask you now. You're in Washington DC. I know you don't look forward to those opportunities, but We're only opportunity to wear a suit And a tie but but let me ask because you know, we're We're in we're involved in something. I've not seen before In my 45 years here we we've Delved into industrial policy. I always thought industrial policy Was something that we shouldn't be doing in this country. Now the Biden administration Decided that they would define what they would allow you to sell and They have this thing that they called the fusion that they were trying to manage now you get the Trump administration They don't have that but they want a golden share and they want a percent of the cut, you know on how you're doing business Tell me about how you look at this this Industrial policy that we have in Washington. I do agree that that industrial policy should should intervene when a Dramatic action needs to be taken I also would say that President Trump walked into a circumstance into a situation where dramatic Actions needed to be taken the first dramatic action that needed to be taken is to reverse The mistakes that have been made in energy growth over the course of the last decade We are we have we have done our country a great disservice There there are no new industries. You can grow without energy. No like we could that's right we need electricity because otherwise sure we could all be in the services industry and As you know the service industry only needs calories But manufacturing industry needs electricities. And so we need energy number one number two We do need if we want to if we want to fix our social issues Domestic social issues. We have to create prosperity not just for people with PhDs and college degrees We have to create prosperity for every segment of the economy and so the largest segment of the Economy is manufacturing and we've offshored that too for too long for 20 years We have to bring that back and we have the ability to do so and this AI Industrial revolution this flashpoint is precisely when we should do it Because it allows us it created a company called Nvidia made it possible for us to have such a large ecosystem of suppliers We can encourage them to partner with us. We can encourage Taiwan to partner with us to help us Reindustrialize the United States and they've done so with great support Taiwan really needs to have some acknowledgement for the incredible effort that they're putting in place To help us reindustrialize the United States If not for the work that they're doing The work that the work that Nvidia has done in Arizona wouldn't have made the progress that has I recently gave a Congratulation speech at TSMC in Arizona. And when I looked out into the audience, it was two-thirds Taiwanese and one-third American Arizona is practically well the quality of Taiwanese food in Arizona. Let me just put it out The quality of Taiwanese food in Arizona has increased tremendously Okay, you want to get a bowl of get a bowl of beef noodle soup? You're gonna you're gonna do just fine. But but but but all these young all these young Families from Taiwan came to help us stand up our our factories And so we should acknowledge that and South Korea helping us stand up our memory manufacturing We should acknowledge that the company's Foxconn Westron Amcor spill helping us set up systems manufacturing They came from Taiwan really important. And so so one if not for the fact the second industrial policy is the reindustrialized The United States that I think is a fantastic Fantastic initiative and I'm all behind that I was probably the first CEO to jump behind that and take advantage of NVIDIA's Capabilities and this flashpoint of AI industrial revolution to help bring all of that supply chain I committed to my customers my partners that we're gonna build in this administration within the within President Trump's term half a trillion dollars of AI supercomputers and so that's the second part energy growth Reindustrializing the United States the third part that I I think I think Required a fair amount of discussion to help policymakers understand that Technology leadership American technology leadership and American national security goes hand-in-hand our nation's Extraordinary technology industry is part of our national security the fact that We have our technology all over the world that the world relies on to build their industries their ecosystem their economies is an advantage for the United States It's a strength of the United States. It helps keep United States safe when everybody works with us Let me build on that yeah, you know, I think I think national security there are two two dimensions of national security and I Differentiate small case and large case small case national security small in the smallest I think that's you know aircraft carriers and bombers and divisions and training programs capital national security NS is the Dynamism of your economy the the productivity of your industry the creativity of your ideas industry the sense of fairness in your judicial system You are here you you benefit from that larger case, but you're building that larger national security Industry tell us how you think about your role On national security Number one and video was birthed in the United States. We are a proud American company We're inventive. We're vibrant We're at the center of the single most important industrial revolution in human history This is an industrial revolution in every single way as important as electricity We are going to impact every single industry every single company every country will build it every company will use it we export American technology Wherever the United States would like us to export the American technology this is an extraordinary opportunity for us to make a Substantial contribution to our national security. We also know that That national security and economic security and economic prosperity go hand-in-hand the wealthier our nation the more we can fund the mightiest military on the planet and I do believe that It is the case where because of this new industrial revolution that we've started We are creating new factories in America We're creating new jobs in America and somebody recently told me that we contributed more to economic growth singularly than just about any company in the world today to the American economy and I believe that that's probably true and The reason for that is Nvidia is a multi hundred billion dollar company supporting multi hundred billion dollar companies going after trillion trillion dollars of industry and so The economic prosperity technology leadership unquestionable the technology of the economic prosperity that we can contribute to unquestionable now this the question then becomes How do we think through? the diffusion of the export of the proliferation of American technologies and standards We should of course number one Safeguard our national security the little little n little s to ensure that adversaries don't have access to Sensitive technology or advanced technology that we don't need them to have access to but we should number two Ensure that American companies American technology companies through partnership with us have the benefit of the best and first But then after that after number one and number two We should also proliferate American technology standards compete around the world feel this flywheel of Funding yeah our R&D So that we can continue to be to be the mightiest technology industry in the world So that we can fund the tech the mightiest military in the world and all of that I think goes hand-in-hand several times you know Sherman Huang you've talked about energy as being a pacing problem here we You know when we invented LED lighting we just lost the demand signal and half of our of our electricity grid is Merchant supplier and so they don't buy ahead of need and so we're now really way behind You pointed out that China Has built out twice the capacity of electricity then has the United States How big a constraint do you see that as being for our build-out for this? Revolution that you're trying to create deeply serious I Think at this point we have to use every form of energy we can I Believe we can't rely on the power grid. We had a bill behind the meter We obviously need power generation systems There's no question. We should try to encourage and try to accelerate nuclear We need to have energy growth very very shortly in the meantime We're advancing our technology so quickly No company our scale has ever introduced new generations every year And when I say we just ship a new chip every year People you know when people because there's so many gamers in the world and they've known me for so long And when they think about what NVIDIA builds they think it's a Module that looks like a gaming graphics card our GeForce graphics card, and they plug it into their PC Well a GPU for AI centers AI AI data centers that GPU weighs two tons It has one and a half million parts It consumes 200,000 watts It costs three million dollars Every so often somebody says you know these GPUs are being smuggled. I really would love to see it Not to mention you have to smuggle enough of them to fill a football field Full of these things so that you could run it as an AI data center, and so anyhow the technology that we make each year Allows us to increase the performance at about the same power by many times and let me just pick a number say five times or ten times each year as Result our energy efficiency improves by five times or ten times each year But the problem is this we're at the beginning of this technology build out I'm improving the performance by a factor of ten times each year But demand is going up by a factor of 10,000 a million times each year AI is getting more compute intensive the adoptions going way up. I've got all these exponentials, and so we're gonna keep chasing this We're gonna be completely dedicated to advancing the technology as fast as we can but the bottom line is we need energy You know and I you know forgive me for interjecting myself. I do think we have to Overcome the NIMI constraints, you know we're going to have to Find some structure of federal preemption so that we can overcome the barriers. That's my comment That's not your comment. I don't want you to get in trouble for For my saying that let me ask you last year. Thank you for that Last year the world installed 2 million robots Half of them were in China Which is really astounding when you think about it. Tell me how robots fit in with AI You know let me just give you one example of why it's around the corner You know these days you could describe you could describe in text and you give it to a video AI and It generates a video you guys know this right it actually from words you can generate a video Okay, and let's say the video is Jensen reaches over picks up a cup So I take a picture of this Screenshot give it to the AI That's the starting starting condition, and I say now Cause Jensen to reach over and pick up the cup The AI creates pixel by pixel token by token my arm picking up the cup and That everybody knows is possible today. You guys have seen it Well the AI can't tell the difference between it many Manipulating pixels versus it's manipulating a bunch of motors So the idea that I can tell the robot pick up the cup is clearly just around the corner We just have to take that AI Which currently sits in the cloud and we have to put it into otherwise called embody it into a physical Mechanical system, which is called robotics so the AI is around the corner we can see early evidence that the technology must be possible now China is going to be very very good at this for several reasons. They have great demand. They have a natural Indigenous demand for more workers Manufacturing is core part of what they do we by the way because we're now reindustrializing reshoring manufacturing we now again also have significant demand for Factory automation, and there's no question. We have a shortage of labor We have right we all know that our industries will be would be larger more profitable More vibrant if we just had more workers, and so they have the same challenge They have worker shortage coming up very severe worker shortage coming up So they have a national strategic imperative to make sure that robotics happens number one number two They have the AI technology and number three. This is where they have a big advantage. They're really very good at electronics and mechanical Intersections otherwise known as mechatronics this entire area is They have the harmony of demand and supply side capability now many other countries Japan has surely demand side They have the megatronics, but Japan needs to have much better AI technology Germany great demand Extraordinary mechatronics They need to have great AI technology United States We have if we reshort industrial and thus reindustrialize our nation. We will have great demand We have great say software technology, but we really at the moment Need to improve our mechanical electronics. Yeah, I mean my you know using AI to find a better You know vegan Recipe for foie gras You know maybe something my wife will look up, but we need to make that would be a miracle indeed It would be good, but we we need to turn this in to Productive machinery and the way in what's going to change though the Lansing let me ask you where because of we're running out of time You know I was talking to a friend of mine. Who's a dean of a major research Institute, and I asked him I said how is your faculty dealing with With AI and he said well, you know the engineering faculty is excited. They really think this is fabulous He said the science Faculty is really curious, and they think it Potentially opens up real opportunity and the humanities faculty thinks it's the end of the world So it is a shorthand for the anxiety That people feel about the dark side of AI How do you how do you talk to us about that? Let me start from the from the end. There's no question that everyone's jobs profession Will be affected by AI Because the tasks within our jobs are going to be Dramatically enhanced by AI yeah some jobs will become obsolete New jobs are going to be created and every job will be changed So that let me just I use two words just now and it's really important We think about these two words very differently one is task the other one is job now it turns out I think was something like seven eight years ago a Very important AI Scientist maybe the most important AI scientist declared the first application for AI will be radiology because computer vision was the first breakthrough and that in fact Entire radiology industry in within five years will be completely transformed by AI and that in a in five years time Radiologists will all lose their job and he advises that no one should be a radiologist That was his advice and it was taken very seriously now some five six seven eight years later every single Radiology platform has been completely transformed by AI 100% every single radiology platform the number of radiologists Has increased The question is why and the reason for that is because as it turns out studying the scans Studying the images is the task of a radiologist The goal or the job of a radiologist is to diagnose disease This is true for many many people People say I don't need software engineers because apparently coding is going to be automated I've given a eyes to every one of my software engineers and hardware engineers and engineers period 100% of NVIDIA has AI assistants AI coders and they're busier than ever and So the question is what is the task versus? What is the job? No different than a financial analyst the task is mess around with spreadsheets But the job is to make a financial advice the job is to help a customer the job is to Analyze the market make a prediction about market. And so there's still the human factor is still quite significant Hmm, and I would just tell everyone before you decide that the the the that AI Is something that you're you're you're worried about or scared about go engage it go use it and even in the humanities the fact of the matter is as Without, you know with AI today. My writing has improved. I don't think the quality is It still writes in my my taste and my my ways, but my speed of writing has dramatically improved And so I'm more productive today. I'm still writing the original pieces. I still have to write the original voice I still have to I still have to create the original thought still has but every so often as you Know when we derive other speeches out of other previous speeches the concepts are very similar But the content the delivery the context is so different We we now can use AI to help us regenerate the first draft, you know, so so for me for the humanities I would just say original thought original writing your taste made with human hands are still always going to be valuable. I Take a picture. I don't think there's a brain up there, but I'd like to see it prove there's something What did you find out? We're coming to the end and You're in Washington, you don't this is Nova's a joyful experience to come to Washington but share with us What you know, you know your thoughts on how we should think about this remarkable Revolution that's appearing in your world. You're leading it We're going to experience it. We're probably going to try to regulate it We don't know how to do that what tell us just a little bit how you think we should be Anticipating this and thinking about our future There are many of course that we we spoke about many different things that that Washington has been Extraordinarily helpful in already shaping the outcome for our nation We spoke about industrial policies and and how in fact a heavy-handed Approach was necessary and it was just in time it is the case that Washington DC is foreign to me and and I've had the benefit of coming here now since the first time I saw you our first our first night and It's unnatural to me However, however, what I I can tell you is we all want the same thing. We want America to win We want America to be the greatest nation in the world. Hmm. We have Extraordinary capabilities. I'm you know, it's hard not to be romantic about this country My my parents had the American dream. My father always wanted us to grow up in the United States sent us here when I was nine and And they they had almost nothing to to start a life here and Somehow through that journey worked out pretty good I'm I'm here with the privilege of leading one of the most consequential companies in the history of humanity Yeah, and and you just can't you can't write a better story than that You can't not be romantic about this this country. I'm surrounded by extraordinary scientists I'm surrounded by extraordinary people all of our technology partners the ecosystem that we hear we have here it's it is, you know, I don't want to be complacent, but it's It is a miracle that there's no question about it And I've had the benefit of working with every nation in the world And so so I I think it's we can say for for certain That we want the same we want that we want the same outcome for this nation it is important however That I I come here so that I could at least explain. What is AI? It's five layers. I can explain what is impact? How is it going to evolve and how how certain policies although? on appearance might achieve Whatever objectives that the long-term Consequences the unintended consequences could be quite dire for the United States and so so I have the benefit of at least explaining it from the perspective of technology and Help advocate for for Technology leadership so that we could secure our national security. And so I have that benefit and I I'm deeply grateful that that The people I get to get to meet here in Washington DC has always had an open door and You know, although this is new for me and I'm clumsy at it. I can also say that I'm very grateful that that Washington has been very open to me. I know the answer to this question, but I still want to ask it Are you optimistic about the future? Oh Absolutely a thousand percent a thousand percent. The best of days are ahead of us, you know It is the I don't have to work I think I've done, you know, I Think that's true And and and and Ambassador Rudd you know when when he first met me I had I had my all my hair work was black and And now you know if you if you were to take an image of my brain it could turn out To be the same color as yours and and so but but nonetheless This is the one decade. I will not miss. Yeah, I simply won't miss this decade I don't want to miss this next two decades. We are gonna do more for the advancement of science We're gonna do more for the advancement of industry We are going to do more for this nation in the next two decades Then potentially all of it combined in the past. Yeah, and so I don't want to miss that This is the best of times. I totally share I think this is going to be the most marvelous period in humanity and we're looking forward to would you all say? Thank you with your applause