China’s prolonged real estate collapse, underway since the second half of 2021, is devastating dozens of linked industries and putting the livelihoods of tens of millions of workers at risk. Official statements have focused more on the property sector itself while downplaying the depth of distress in upstream and downstream sectors, often framing problems as “overcapacity in some industries” that require upgrading. Data and on-the-ground reports show a far broader crisis.

Real Estate’s Long Chain and the Scale of Contraction