History of Ancient Israel and Judah explained in 5 minutes

before a monarchy was established in Israel the land was partitioned among a collection of 12 semi-autonomous Ebru tribes led by a single leader called a judge in times of conflict and war which was often according the book of Genesis the Hebrews had been enslaved in Egypt before they invaded the Levant where they completely destroyed several Canaanite city states and their populations while abandoning this practice as they move further north along the coast the period of judges lasted roughly from the fourteenth through eleventh centuries BC during these centuries at one time or another the Hebrew tribes would be vassals or tributaries of the Moabites Canaanites media Knights ammonites or Philistines the Philistines held a long time technological advantage over Israel and that they had iron weaponry and chariots in the north the army and kings of Damascus would be a longtime foes as well their spoken and written language Aramaic would replace Hebrew around the 6th century BC in the Levant and by the 1st century it was the dominant spoken language throughout the Near East the people tired of being led by judges and wanted a permanent king the last judge Samuel anointed Saul as the first king of a United Kingdom of Israel David a young man whom initially was favored by Saul fled after his popularity among the people soared resulting from defeating the Philistine Goliath and a duel ironically he fled and lived among the Philistines working as a mercenary for the king of Gath the city that Goliath had come from Saul would be killed at a battle against the Philistines David then returned with a motley band of international warriors known as his mighty men and would first conquered the south conquering the previously independent Jebusite city of Jerusalem and making it his capital he then moved north and defeated Saul's son each by chef who had ruled Israel for two years David spent much of his forty year long reign waging war on many of the Canaanite city states within and surrounding Israel's borders his son Solomon succeeded him and was renowned for his wealth and wisdom following Solomon's death the ten northern tribes rebelled establishing the city of Samaria as their capital city while Judah in the south remain loyal to Solomon's son Rehoboam Jeroboam king of Israel had fled to Egypt during the reign of Solomon receiving protection of the Pharaoh show Schenk the ten northern tribes had become discontent with Solomon's extravagance and welcomed Jeroboam as a liberator Israel and Judah would have hostile relations with each other from the beginning sho shank saw opportunity and invaded Judah in the fifth year of rebels reign with more than 60,000 men he subdued Judah making it a vassal state Egyptian influence was ended over Judah when an Egyptian bhakti Theo pian army was defeated by King ASA of Judah the tumultuous relationship between the divided kingdoms would continue to unfold in a chaotic and blood-splattered tell until the Syrian conquest of Israel ended that kingdom Hosea Israel's last king stopped paying tribute to the Assyrian Empire when he must idly believe that Egypt would back him up in a conflict this was not the case and after a three-year siege Assyria conquered Samaria and after the kingless vassal rebelled again the Assyrians brutally crushed it and the survivors of the ten tribes were deported to distant areas of the Assyrian Empire their fate is unknown the last king of Judah Zedekiah was installed by the Babylonians as a puppet however he did not play along and rebelled against the Babylonians at which point nebuchadnezzar ii lay siege and conquered Jerusalem disestablishing the state of Judah and taking many captives back to Babylon under the Persian Empire Babylonian captives were allowed to return and enjoyed some level of autonomy as a vassal however was not until the 2nd century BC following the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire that a Simonian dynasty established another Jewish state in the Levant in 69 BC Pompey Magnus sacked Jerusalem and installed a puppet ruler loyal to him in 37 BC Judea would become an official client state of the Roman Empire the a Jew minion Herod the Great was appointed King of the Jews by the Roman Senate he attempted to curry favor with his subjects by reconstructing the temple Jerusalem on a grand scale however this was funded to Revie taxation and he was still viewed as an unpopular foreigner and acolyte of the Romans after his death the kingdom was partitioned between his three sons and sister following the death of his grandson Herod Agrippa in 44 BC Rome absorbed Judea into the Empire and in 680 made it a full province of the Roman Empire administered by a Roman governor in 70 AD following a rebellion Jerusalem was sacked the Romans destroyed the temple and either killed exiled or enslaved all of the Hebrew leaders elites and Nobles in 132 ad the remaining Jews under Bar Kokhba rebelled against Hadrian and were defeated as punishment Hadrian exiled more Jews and forbade them from living in their capital and that has been a lightning-fast history of ancient Israel Judah Judea and the judges hope you enjoyed let me know what you think our like didn't like down in the comments and how it can improve and don't forget to smash the like button subscribe hit the bell icon and get notifications every time I make a new video and support this channel on patreon to help it grow and support me making new content and as always huge thanks to all my awesome patrons and subscribers for making this channel possible for all of us thanks this has been Epimetheus