Ancient Sumer's 7 Ingenious Inventions

Mesopotamian inventions the sumarian were excellent inventors they made use of The Limited natural resources around them mostly clay and raw materials imported from elsewhere such as wood and metal to make useful objects and machines they also used and improved existing inventions fired brick wood and stone were in short supply in Mesopotamia so the Sumerians made their bricks out of clay they used molds to shape the bricks then fired them in a Kil bricks were produced in large quantities making it possible to construct vast cities sewing plow the Sumerians invented a plow that both broke up the ground and sewed seeds Farmers worked in teams of three one drove the oxen which were pulling the plow another guided the plow and the third fed seed down a tube so that it fell onto the freshly plowed soil we wheels and wagons the Sumerians were the first to use circular cross-sections of logs as Wheels the first Wheels were used by Potters to help them shape clay into perfectly curved objects later submarines used two wheel wagons as a form of Transport at this time however there were no roads so Journeys would have been very bumpy wagons were most likely used for military ceremonies rather than for long distance transport writing to keep track of trade the Sumerians developed the world's first riding system now known as uniform scribes scratched symbols into tablets of wet clay using sharpened reads like Egyptian h hieroglyphs uniforms started out as pictographs where each picture represented a word or idea over time these symbols came instead to represent sounds like an alphabet this made reading and writing much easier mathematics the Sumerians developed a counting system based on units of 60 they used this to keep track of trade and taxes before they developed a writing system the Su Marans used a clay cone to represent one a ball to represent 10 and a large clay cone to represent 60 later vertical marks on clay tablets became a much more practical way of keeping count textile Mills the first Sumerians used Flags to make clothes for their families as the economy transformed and cities grew wool replaced flags and family groups joined together to mass-produce textiles garments and accessories that could be traded further a field astrology the Sumerians were Keen stargazers they mapped out the night sky grouping stars together into constellations and noting the path of stars and planets as they moved through the sky they used the stars to predict the outcomes of battles and the success of city states their calendar was based on the phases of the moon a lunar calendar and their year had two seasons bookmarked by the Autumn and ver equinoxes the two days of the year when day and night are of equal length