The best open source password managers for Linux - and why nothing you do for your security matters more than using one.
I go through five: Vaultwarden, the self-hosted Bitwarden server you can run in a Docker container; KeePassXC, the offline encrypted vault with no server at all; Proton Pass, the managed option I use myself and the one with the best 2FA support; GNU Pass, the minimal CLI password manager you can script with Rofi or dmenu; and Psono, fully self-hostable with password sharing built in.
Along the way I cover self hosting, syncing your vault between devices, two factor authentication, browser extensions, CLI clients, and the free versus paid split on each one.
Bitwarden isn't on the list, and I explain why in the first two minutes.
If you use a password manager I didn't cover, tell me in the comments.
==== Time Stamps ==== 0:00 Why this matters more than anything else 1:48 1 - Vaultwarden 3:18 2 - KeePassXC 5:16 3 - Proton Pass 8:00 4 - GNU Pass 9:29 5 - Psono 11:07 The ones that didn't make the list 11:37 Which one I actually use 12:30 Thanks for watching
Using a password manager is the most critical step in personal cybersecurity to prevent vulnerabilities caused by password reuse during third-party data breaches. This video reviews five open-source or partially open-source password managers, comparing self-hosted, serverless, and managed options to help users secure their personal data.
So there's nothing that you can do to protect
your security that is better for you than
using a password manager. That includes protecting your
network with a firewall, using something like Pi-hole.
Securing SSH, nothing is more important than using a password manager.
And I truly believe this because really
your biggest source of vulnerability isn't your
home network because the chances
are of that actually getting penetrated by some hacker
is pretty low unless you're out there downloading
a whole bunch of malware or ransomware, right?
But when it comes to things that you sign into online,
you're relying on companies and
random people on the internet to protect your data
and that includes your password which means
that if you use the same password for every single website
that you sign into you are creating a risk
where if someone breaks that trust if someone loses your data or they
have a poorly managed network or
Someone leaves a laptop somewhere
that has all of their customer data on it.
Whatever it happens to be,
if they drop the ball and you use the same password all over
the place, that means every single place
that you use that password is in danger of being
broken into.
And the reason why that's important is because
your passwords protect everything else.
It protects your social security number,
your name, your address, your...
Personal data that you probably should
be more interested in protecting than you probably are.
So what I want to do today is talk about five.
Open source, or at least mostly open source, password managers
that you can try, all of them at least mostly free, that you can use
to protect your passwords and therefore the rest of your data.
So let's go ahead and jump in.
The first one on the list is Vaultwarden.
Now, Vaultwarden is an offshoot of Bitwarden.
Now, if you listen to the rest of this video,
you'll notice that Bitwarden is actually not on the list
because I highly believe that if you're going to use Bitwarden,
you should just use Vaultwarden.
The differences basically lie in that Vaultwarden is self-hosted.
You can put this on your own computer,
on your own home server, whatever it is,
maybe a VPS if you don't have a computer at home,
whatever it happens to be, right?
You can store this and run it right on your computer,
the entire stack from top to bottom.
It has excellent 2FA support, has clients for Linux,
Mac, Windows, iOS, Android, and a CLI.
It is, like I said, 100% self-hostable.
That means you just pop it into a Docker container
and press run, and it works phenomenally well.
It's based on Bitwarden bit by bit.
So if you are familiar with Bitwarden
and you use Bitwarden,
or maybe you pay for their premium subscription,
but you would prefer to not rely on them to host your data,
you can run Vaultwarden instead
and have the exact same experience.
And because of the way this runs, it's a server-client relationship.
It means that all of your clients are feeding back into the server
and your server is feeding back into all the clients.
That means that you have no single source of failure
and you're not responsible for the sync
like you will be on some of the other things
that we're talking about today.
So that's Vaultwarden.
Honestly, this should be the one that happens last in this video
because I think that this is the best solution for most people.
But why bury the lead?
Vaultwarden is the first one on the list.
So the next one on this list is called KeePassXC.
Now, this is a very popular choice amongst open source enthusiasts,
amongst Linux enthusiasts,
simply because it is very simple.
There's no server here whatsoever.
You don't have to run anything.
It's literally just an application.
You tell it where you want to store your passwords in your file system.
It will create a vault there that is encrypted,
and it stores everything there.
That's basically what it is.
Personally, I find the UI to be a little bit overcomplicated,
but most people disagree with me and say that it's just fine.
It is one single app.
Like I said, there's no server support,
so that means there's no sync whatsoever built in.
Now, that doesn't mean you can't take that file
because it literally just stores a file.
And transfer it somewhere else where you can find a client.
So there are third-party clients for mobile.
There are applications for Mac and Windows and, of course, Linux.
So you can take that file and put it on those computers
or on those mobile devices
and still have access to your passwords.
It's just that it's on you to figure out
the synchronization of that file.
So whether you put it in something like Dropbox or Google Drive or...
Something like pCloud or you use SyncThing,
whatever it happens to be, right?
You still have to be in charge of syncing.
It has none of that capability built in.
It does have 2FA support,
but I found that it's not quite as good as Vaultwarden or some
of the others that are on this list.
So if you're going to rely on it for 2FA,
just know going in that it's not quite as
good.
It also does have browser extensions.
I didn't mention browser extensions for Vaultwarden.
Vaultwarden uses Bitwarden's browser extensions.
Option in the browser extensions for Vaultwarden
or for self-hosted options,
you just fill in your server information there.
For KeePass, it relies on a local daemon that runs on your computer
while KeePass XC is running
and allows it to access that file that KeePass saves.
So you can access your passwords through a browser extension.
The next one is actually the one that I use, and that is ProtonPass.
Now, this is the first one on the list that's not fully open source.
And that's because it's just the way Proton works.
So they provide a fully managed service, kind of like Bitwarden does,
in that they have clients that are open source
that you can see the source code of,
and then they have a back-end server where everything is kind of synced
that is closed source and proprietary.
Now, personally, I trust Proton simply
because of the way that they do audits
and stuff like that.
They are very clear that they're a security and privacy-first company,
and I trust them.
But they're still a company,
so a lot of people are going to push back on that, and that's fine.
Not everybody's going to want that model for their password manager.
When it comes to the password manager
itself, it's actually really good.
It has clients for web, iOS, Android,
Linux, Mac, and Windows, of course.
It has browser extensions. There is a CLI tool as well.
And all of it just works phenomenally well.
One of my favorite parts of this actually is the 2FA support.
So something that Proton does better than any
of the other apps on this list
actually is provide you the 2FA code via a little pop-up
that comes up whenever a website asks for it.
And a lot of times, if you're on like Android or something, it will...
Copy, when you go into copy your username and password,
it will also add the 2FA code
to the clipboard, so you have all three things stored
in the clipboard, so you don't have
to go back to the app again to find that code.
So, it saves you time.
Now, it doesn't work on every application,
because it kind of has to support that workflow.
Some developers have chosen a different password workflow,
where they'll ask for the email
address first, and then it kind of messes up
with the clipboard a little bit.
But overall...
I find Proton to be really, really good.
It also has something for people who have a family.
So if you are someone who wants to protect your family
when it comes to a password manager,
you kind of want everybody to use the same thing.
Proton is an excellent choice for that for many reasons.
They have a family plan, which does cost money.
Everything that I've talked about so far
is available on the free plan.
But if you do have the family plan.
One of the cool things that they allow you
to do is share your passwords and your vaults.
You can actually create a family vault for passwords
that you want to share amongst everybody,
which everybody can then access and also keep updated.
So if you have, say, a shared checking account with your wife
or your significant other,
and you want to share that password
with them on their personal computer,
And to keep it updated, you can do that very easily with ProtonPass.
And it's very easy, so that's really cool.
So I highly recommend ProtonPass. That's the one that I use.
The next one is the password manager for nerds.
And there's nothing wrong with that. I'm not being derogatory here,
because as you guys can actually see, I am a Linux nerd.
And that is GNU Pass.
The GNU Pass is the most minimal
password manager you probably can have.
If you want to use this, you're going to be responsible
for the infrastructure surrounding it
So all this does is manage your passwords.
That's literally all it does. It's all CLI based.
There are no clients. There's none of that stuff.
If you want a client, you have to go out and make one.
You have to figure out how to get actually get it on your phone, how
to get those passwords in your browser, whatever happens to be right.
One of the benefits of having no infrastructure, though,
when it comes to this, and it's just in the CLI,
is that you can script it very easily.
That means you can use things like Rofi or Dmenu to interact
with GNU Pass, and you can then, basically, the sky's the limit.
You can create your own password manager.
It's just you interacting with the service underneath that
that stores your password, and that's really cool.
Cool, again, I say this one is...
Pass is the one for nerds, and I truly believe that if you
are interested in just kind of the bare minimum,
but you still want this kind of thing, you should check out Pass.
Now, on the other hand, just to be fully transparent here,
because there's no frills here,
there's nothing like sync or 2FA or any of that stuff.
It's just not something that Pass offers.
It's literally just password management in the terminal. That's it.
The last one on the list is the one I'm actually
the least familiar with and I actually wasn't able
to try it all that much simply
because of the requirements it takes to set up an account.
So, and that the.
The name of this one is called Psono.
I'm not sure if I'm saying it right. It is fully self-hostable
although they do have managed plans
so if you want to do something like Bitwarden or ProtonPass you can
All of the clients are, again, open source,
and the source code for the self-hosted community edition
is also open source and available for you to put on your own servers.
Has good 2FA support, has password sharing similar to what...
Proton Pass, so technically it would
be better than Proton in that it's fully self-hostable
and it has that password sharing so you don't have to pay for it.
Psono has clients for Linux, Mac, and Windows, iOS, and Android.
I'm not sure if it has a CLI.
I didn't see one, but that doesn't mean that it doesn't exist.
Like I said, I'm not as familiar with Psono as I am the other ones.
And I will just kind of put this one note on here.
And the reason why I'm not as familiar with it simply
is because I wasn't able to try it on my own computer.
It requires a mail server in order to set up an account.
So if you're going to self-host this,
part of the container that runs it is a mail server,
which means you have to set that up so
that it can send out emails.
And if you don't set that up, you can't actually sign up for an
account to try it or even use it.
So of the ones that are on this list that are fully self-hostable,
Psono sounds like it is the one that is kind
of the most complex to get up and running.
But I will say that it looks very nice. So if you're interested more,
you know looks and aesthetics Psono is quite good
So there you go. Alright, so those are the five
Password managers that I have on the list and this isn't
an exclusive list by any means there are quite a few other ones
There's like 12 different versions of KeePass out there.
Some of them have some features. Some of them have sync built-in
Some of them haven't been updated in forever.
So if you're going to use something other than KeyPass XC,
I recommend actually going and looking at the source code
to make sure that the project is still maintained.
And there are other versions of Vaultwarden out there as well
that are written in other things.
So you can go check those out.
But these are the five that I found and mostly that I've used,
the four first ones to begin with for sure, that I can recommend.
I use ProtonPass, and I'm not going to go out there
and say that it's perfect.
It's not.
But it's the one that I use and probably
the one that I'll stick with simply because
the 2FA is really, really good
and it allows me to synchronize stuff between clients without
having to self-host anything.
The reason why I don't self-host Vaultwarden,
because I did for a little while.
Personally, I don't trust myself not to delete it accidentally.
I have a tendency to do that.
And when it comes to password managers or passwords themselves,
you can't have that possibility.
And I want to make sure that that's not the case.
So I have something, I prefer a more managed system
than something that's self-hosted.
But that's more of a personal choice than anything else.
It's more of a reflection on my inability to not hit shiny keys.
If you have a password manager that I didn't
cover or that you'd like to talk about,
you can do so in the comment section below.
If you use one of these and you want to share
your experience, you can do that down below.
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