International Law in the Domestic Legal System - Dr. Aleksandra Syryt

The presentation addresses the relationship between international and domestic law in the context of classical monist and dualist theories and their contemporary reinterpretations. Monism assumes a unified legal system and the direct application of international norms within the national legal system, regardless of formal implementation. Dualism, on the other hand, assumes the existence of two autonomous legal systems and requires translating international norms into domestic law through an act of transformation. The paper analyzes the philosophical and systemic foundations of these concepts using the work of Kelsen, Triepel, and Anzilotti. It also examines how states have approached this issue in light of changes in the normative architecture of contemporary international law. Particular attention is given to conflicts of laws, the relationship between constitutions and treaties, and constitutional pluralism. The presentation aims to demonstrate that contemporary legal systems are increasingly transcending the rigid, dichotomous division by adopting hybrid models that are functionally and pragmatically oriented