Chopin - 12 Etudes, Op. 25

Fanciful nicknames have been given to most of Chopin's Études from time to time, although Chopin himself never used nicknames for these pieces, and none are authentic. Only about three such nicknames are widely used: Op. 10, No. 5 Black Keys; Op. 10, No. 12 Revolutionary; and Op. 25, No. 11 Winter Wind. A number of occasionally suggested nicknames are shown below.

Op. 25, 12 Études:

No. 1: Étude in A-flat major, Aeolian Harp, or Shepherd Boy (composed 1836)
No. 2: Étude in F minor, The Bees (1836)
No. 3: Étude in F major, The Horseman (1836)
No. 4: Étude in A minor (1832–1834)
No. 5: Étude in E minor, Wrong Note (1832–1834)
No. 6: Étude in G-sharp minor, Thirds (1832–1834)
No. 7: Étude in C-sharp minor, Cello (1836)
No. 8: Étude in D-flat major, Sixths (1832–1834)
No. 9: Étude in G-flat major, Butterfly (1832–1834)
No. 10: Étude in B minor, Octave (1832–1834)
No. 11: Étude in A minor, Winter Wind (1834)
No. 12: Étude in C minor, Ocean (1836)

Frederic Francois Chopin (22 February or 1 March 1810 - 17 October 1849) was a Polish composer, virtuoso pianist, and music teacher of French - Polish parentage. He was one of the great masters of Romantic music and has been called "the poet of the piano".

Chopin was born in Zelazowa Wola, a village in the Duchy of Warsaw. A renowned child-prodigy pianist and composer, he grew up in Warsaw and completed his musical education there. Following the Russian suppression of the Polish November 1830 Uprising, he settled in Paris as part of the Polish Great Emigration. He supported himself as a composer and piano teacher, giving few public performances.

From 1837 to 1847 he carried on a relationship with the French woman writer George Sand. For most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health; he died in Paris in 1849 at the age of 39. The vast majority of Chopin's works are exclusively for solo piano, the most notable exceptions being his two piano concertos.

His compositions are technically demanding but emphasize nuance and expressive depth. Chopin invented the musical form known as the instrumental ballade and made major innovations to the piano sonata, mazurka, waltz, nocturne, polonaise, etude, impromptu, scherzo, and prelude.

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