10 Advanced English PREPOSITIONS

In this video, I'm sharing with you 10 advanced English prepositions. Before we start, make sure you download my free English prepositions booklet from the link in the video description. This booklet has lots of prepositions with some very simple explanations and examples of sentences. So, make sure you check it out. The link is in the video description. Okay, so the first preposition I want to talk about is beneath and there are different meanings of beneath. So, the first meaning is that something is directly underneath an object. For example, the keys were hidden beneath the cushion. So, the keys were directly underneath the cushion. The subway station lies deep beneath the busy city streets. So, the subway station is directly underneath the streets. But there is also a metaphorical meaning. So, this is a little bit more advanced. Look at this sentence. You could tell that beneath was deeply frustrated with the situation. So, here the meaning of beneath is more metaphorical. So, on the outside, she was polite and she was smiling. But on the inside, she was feeling frustration. So, we can use beneath to talk about something that is more of an internal feeling. So, on the outside, she was smiling but beneath that smile was a feeling of frustration. Now, the next preposition is beyond and beyond also has different meanings including some metaphorical meanings. But first, let's look at the basic meaning. So, beyond means further away than something or outside the limits of something. For example, the hiking trail extends far beyond the edge of the forest. So, the hiking trail goes further away than the edge of the forest. It is outside the limits of the forest, outside the edge. Now, here's another meaning. The cost of repairing my car is beyond my current budget. So, it means I have a budget. So, there's a limit but the cost of the repairs is outside of that limit. It is more than my budget. And now, a more metaphorical meaning. The laptop was broken beyond repair. It means that it was not possible to repair it. Why anyone would treat their colleagues badly is beyond my comprehension. So, it means I cannot comprehend it. I cannot understand how this can be possible. It's beyond my comprehension. The next one is within and we normally use within when we talk about a time limit or duration. She completed the task within an hour. So, she had a time limit, one hour, and she completed the task during that time. The limit can also be more physical. The park is located completely within the city centre. So, here the limit is the boundary of the city centre and the park is located inside that boundary. So, it's within it. It's within the city centre. There are also some metaphorical meanings. So, if you're an advanced English learner, you might find them useful to know. For example, when something is within reach, it means it's achievable. It's possible to achieve it. So, for example, interest rates are dropping, which means buying a home is suddenly within reach for thousands of young families. So, suddenly, it is achievable. It is possible to achieve it. It's possible to own a home. It's within reach. The next one is via. And I speak British English, so I pronounce it via, but American English speakers would say via. So, there are two different ways to pronounce it, via and via. So, just something to be aware of. And via means that there is a route to get somewhere, to travel somewhere, and this route goes through different points. So, for example, we are travelling to Tokyo via Dubai. It means that the plane goes to Dubai, it lands, and then it goes to Tokyo. So, it goes to Tokyo via Dubai. You can also use via when you're talking about the method that you need to use in order to achieve a goal. So, for example, you can submit your job application via email. So, applying for the job is your goal and sending an email is the method. So, you do it via email. Are you enjoying this lesson? If so, then you might be interested in my free English prepositions booklet, which I've linked in the video description. So, make sure you check it out. It's got lots of examples and very simple explanations of lots of different prepositions. So, make sure you check out the Okay, let's move on to the next advanced preposition, which is pair. And pair can also mean different things, but usually it means for each person or for each thing. So, for example, the meal will cost £30 per person. So, each person will have to pay £30 for their meal. A graphic designer earns $50 per hour. So, it means for each hour that they work, they earn $50. Or we can use pair to talk about speed. The car travelled at 20 miles per hour. So, that was its speed. There is also another meaning of pair and it's with phrases like pair our previous conversation, for example. So, pair our previous conversation, I am writing to confirm the exact date of my arrival. So, pair our previous conversation just means according to what we discussed, according to exactly what we said. Sometimes, you might also see as pair. As per your instructions, I have updated the file. As per your instructions means according to your instructions, according to exactly what you told me. So, sometimes it's pair, sometimes it's as pair. And there is some debate about which one is better and different people have different opinions. But my suggestion is that you just don't use them because they are very formal. They are quite pompous and they sound a bit like business jargon. So, it's probably better to just use simpler language, but it's useful to understand that they exist and what they mean. The next one is throw. It means from the beginning to the end of a specific period of time. For example, the soldiers managed to survive through the winter with very little food. So, they survived from the beginning to the end of the winter. Now, there's a bonus tip because in American English, there is another way to use like this, Monday through Friday. And that basically means from Monday to Friday, including Friday. So, the museum is open Monday through Friday. It means it's open on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday. In British English, this phrase is not used. We would normally say it's open Monday to Friday. And that also includes Friday. Sometimes, people also use the word inclusive to emphasise that the last day also counts. For example, I'll be on holiday from the 5th of January to the 10th of January inclusive. So, if I want to make it super clear that the 10th of January is still my holiday, I will not be at work, then I can add the word inclusive. So, I will still be on holiday then. The next one is throughout. And throughout means in every part of something or from the beginning to the end of something. For example, rumours of a sudden restructure spread quickly throughout the whole building. So, they spread to every part of the building. So, everyone in the building knew about the restructure. Here's another example. The artist remained dedicated to her unique style throughout her career. So, from the beginning to the end of her career. The next one is along. It's usually about movement next to or following the path of something long and thin. For example, a river, a road, or a path. He strolled along the riverbank. So, he moved and he followed the path of the river. And the final one is against. And against has several meanings as well. The first one is when something touches or presses on something for support. So, for example, you can lean the ladder against the wall. So, the ladder will touch the wall for support. You can also use against when you're talking about a visual contrast. The bright sail looked beautiful against the dark blue ocean. So, we've got two contrasting things. A white sail and dark blue ocean. And these things contrast with each other. It's a visual contrast. So, it looked beautiful against it. And you can use against in phrases like against the law. Shoplifting is against the law. It means when you do it, you break the law. It's the opposite of what the law says. Something can also be against the rules, which means when you do something that doesn't follow the rules. Don't forget to get your free English prepositions booklet from the video description and tell me in the comments one thing that you've learned from this video. And I'll see you in the next one. Bye.