Use of multimeter 12th practical #12thphysics #hsc @a2zpractical991 #practical

So, hello everyone and welcome to my channel. So, friends, I'm Sachin Shukla and you're watching A2J Practical. So, friends, today's experiment is a physics experiment. Basically, I'm going to do an activity. So, friends, today I'm going to tell you about the activity that I'm going to perform in front of you. It is activity number 12 and it is activity number 8. Use of multimeter That is, by using a multimeter, we can determine whether the junction of different diodes or resistors is NPN or PNP. We're going to see that in this activity today. And you don't have to go anywhere, friends. You check out this channel completely. You have all the practicals of Class 11 and Class 12 Physics and Chemistry. I mean, you have all the practicals of chemistry on this channel. So, go and subscribe to this channel quickly. And let me begin the experiment with you. Now we begin our Activity Number 8, which you are seeing: the use of a multimeter. So, what is our goal? Use of a multimeter to check the functionality of various components or not. What are the various components? A multimeter will be used, along with a transistor that will have NPN and PNP types. We will take these two types of transistors. We will take a diode and an LED. So, friends, this is a multimeter. This is basically our multimeter. Now, on this multimeter, there is a voltmeter symbol here. So, this basically shows the voltmeter. And here is the symbol for Ohm. So, basically, we can measure any substance in ohms here. And here we can measure frequencies. And here we can measure the ammeter. Currently, it is off. Therefore, we need to measure the transistor and diode using the ammeter. So, basically, we have to turn on the multimeter. And where do we have to set it? You are seeing this number here. You have to set it here. Somewhere on some multimeter, "positive" and "negative" are also written. So, you can easily set it to positive and negative. So, what I will do here, I'll decide later. Now I will turn it off. Okay. Now, after that, you have these two wires. Okay. You must know about this wire. Basically, there is a black wire. And how do we get one? We have this red-colored wire. You are seeing this red color. So, you don't have to do anything. To use this wire, there are four knobs. Some people have three knobs. Basically, this is to read the voltmeter indications. Okay. And this is our COM, which is the ground terminal. We put the black one in here. And which one do we use in this? The red one. So, you see, this is the red wire. Which one do we have? The red wire. Okay. So, where will we connect the terminals of this red wire? In this volt and ohm one. Okay. And the black one is called ground. Basically, where are we going to put the black one? You have to put it in com. Okay. You must use it very effectively. I have put it in com. And I have placed it here. After that, friends, I'm holding your video. Because, friends, I am working very hard for this channel. So, you also subscribe to this channel. And you keep watching your videos. To measure the diode, where should I set this multimeter? Here. Okay. I have placed it here. Somewhere it will be written plus and minus. So, you must see it very clearly. Now, what do we do? Let's check whether it is working or not. So, let's touch both of them. So, you can see a red light is on here. That tells us it is working. Now, what do we have to do, friends? First, I take a diode. Okay. And I will measure this diode and show you how to measure it. Basically, diodes, LEDs, and transistors operate under forward bias. So, let's check whether it is forward bias or not. Let me tell you one more thing. This red terminal is the positive terminal. And this black terminal is the negative terminal. This diode operates under forward bias. So, we need to know which is the positive terminal and which is the negative terminal. As I told you, this red terminal is the positive terminal. So, if I believe that it is positive, then I touch the positive terminal from here. And if I believe that it is negative, then I touch the black terminal from here. As you can see, there is no reading on the multimeter. This means that it is reversed. We have to measure it under forward bias. How do we do it? Friends, this red terminal is the positive terminal. So, if I touch the positive terminal and the negative terminal, then there is no reading. This means that what we are doing is reversed. Diodes and transistors operate under forward bias. So, we have to reverse it. This means that if I touch the negative terminal and also touch the positive terminal, there will be no reading. As you can see, there are some readings. So, this is forward bias. This terminal is a negative terminal. And this terminal is a positive terminal. Since we are touching the positive terminal and the negative terminal simultaneously, there is no reading. But if you reverse it, there will be no reading. This means that it is reversed. So, we know that this is the positive terminal. And this is the negative terminal. Where are we getting some readings? I will also show you the LED terminal. We do not know which is positive and which is negative. We know that this is negative and this is positive. This red terminal is positive. So, we touch the positive terminal here. And we touch the negative terminal here. As you can see, it is burning. This means that we are working with a forward bias. If you reverse it, there will be no reading. This means there will be no reading and it will not emit light. So, you have to connect the positive terminal to the positive terminal. And you have to connect the negative terminal to the negative terminal. Then it will glow. This is our PN junction. So, friends, let's take the first transistor. As you can see, there are some numbers written here. B, C, 5, 4, 7. So, this is basically a flat surface. And this is a curved surface. So, how do you keep it? You must keep the flat surfaces facing down. Where do you have to keep the flat surfaces? You have to keep it down. And you can write here. This is my BC. And what was BC? 5, 4, 7. What was it? 5, 4, 7. This is the codename of our BC547 transistor. Now we will check it for forward bias. We will check it for forward bias and reverse bias. So, basically, see. What happens in this? One of your positive terminals can glow. And two of your negative terminals can glow. Or two of your positive terminals can glow. And one of your negative terminals can glow. So probabilities are吸引了 the attention of many researchers. Okay. So, friends, I am telling you a concept here. You can easily identify the transistor from it. Suppose this is your transistor. And what are the three? This is a knob. Suppose this is your transistor. And what are the three of them? This is a knob. Okay. These two terminals are provided. Do you know what this red one is? Positive. And what is this black one? Negative. So, if this black one is negative. So, if this negative one touches this one. The middle one. And if this positive one touches this one. So, there will be some reading here. If there will be some reading like 0.6, 0.7, whatever comes. So, this was your negative. This black one. And what about this one? It was positive. So, what will happen to your transistor? This was negative. And this was positive. So, the next one is also P. So, what will happen? PNP But, friends. But, friends, let me tell you what is basically happening in forward bias. The P-type battery is connected to the P-type semiconductor. And an N-type battery is connected to an N-type semiconductor. If this negative terminal touches this other negative one. And if the positive terminal touches this one. So, if it shows some reading, what will happen to us? Then the middle one will become negative. So, it will be NPN. But if the positive one connects to the middle one. And if the other end connects to the negative terminal. And it gives some kind of reading, at the very least. Then it will become an n-p-n transition. What will happen to n p n Alright, let's check the fatakas together. So I did this Set in the forest, this is one I have with me. The transistor is given, right? Then I'll do this one Checking the reading, okay So I did I admit that this middle one What do I have that is negative? I admit that "middle" is negative. Exactly, you don't even slightly Don't skip, otherwise you won't understand it Exactly, if I make this positive I consider the one on the side to be positive, and Negative terminal I connect to the middle one. Negative terminal If I shoot the middle one So, you didn't receive any reading on this either. I mean, this one here is basically ours Our negative beach guy This is making us feel uneasy; it's causing discomfort. This will be a call for a coastal guard. But only when my Dharma Tota's wind blows, does it become as much as it can be. 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I'm doing it, yeah! What is this, anyway? Jamun! So, look, the cooties are sticking to Pitha's bier. So, the middle one, the middle one... the batch middle one is And what's the side thing, my dear? Negative! So, if we do the first one, how much will we get? 0.540 Here you are, Kiki, looking right here. So I'm writing it down here from the previous reading Forward Bias 0.5 0.540 Now let's move on to this The side ones also get picked, the middle one is positive So I'm writing on it 0.538 How much is this? 0.538 But if you take this You will reverse it I mean this How will you do it in reverse? If you turn it upside down Positive dermatological cases with excisions You are putting it on So you're seeing one coming, so nothing is coming, meaning you can write one one here And have you checked how much is coming for the other one? Just look at the one who's causing trouble—how much is he coming in? You will reverse this, add the positive one to the one with Katie's À quan If you mix the positive with the negative, you won't get any reading. This will come only once. And what have these awakened in us? P-N-P transistor How is it becoming clear to me? P-N-P are there Because these It has a negative one. It's connecting in the middle. And the one who is positive about this So it's giving us some kind of reading, isn't it? So we are beginning to understand what this is. That means it's positive. The one on this side is positive, the one in the middle is negative. And what about the side one? If it's positive, then p and p fronts video also skipped Don't give up, otherwise you won't understand this practical aspect. But in the end, what should we do? Transistor is a type First, ours was a type NPN. And how was the diode for us, the Zener diode? How was our Zener diode? These are three types of things. That you write very easily If you need more physics-related experiments, please subscribe to this channel.