This educational lecture covers the fundamentals of analytical chemistry, focusing on mathematical operations, scientific notation, and error analysis. It explains how to handle measurement inaccuracies and provides a detailed guide on calculating precision and accuracy to ensure reliable results in a laboratory setting.
If you need it, you can write it here. I forgot to write Fib here, so you can write Fib here, okay? What's in this? If I have to represent any number, where did I take the points? I took them up to number 24, so that's why this is what ours becomes.
Hello, kids, how are you all? I think you're all having a great time in your labs, and surely you're actively watching the practical videos because, kids, I'm telling you, all your practicals and all the videos are available.
So, child, the chapter I am reading to you here is Chapter Number 2 of Eleventh Chemistry, Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, and child, we are reading these chapters with so much love and in such a wonderful way.
Validi, I've completed it. The child, you go and check on him. I've also completed Chapter Number 2. So, let's start our Part Two today.
We'll see a flattened number from the entire lot, and many children will be watching.
And our first priority is that this operational and sustainable partnership with you.
And if the time is given to the ascetic, then
You're here, my friend, but how will you identify the mathematical operations and error analysis when we perform mathematical operations, and how will you determine where the error has occurred?
So, look, the chemist, the analytical chemist, faces a major concern, a very big problem when dealing with instruments.
You went to the lab for practicals, and there, your instrument was showing some error or the other, so the readings you get will be somewhat difficult to interpret, because our instruments do have a slight error.
When applying the mathematical functions to it, we get an error. Now, what should we do with the chemist so that he can check the error message? Then the port will be working properly, and also, because you should check yourself as well.
So there are certain time and conditions for him.
Certain time and condition
And how does that error occur? If you want to know, I'll tell you.
The one you went to the lab, you were doing some experiments with the burette in the lab.
Alright
You went into the lab and
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6
If there is something, then after that comes your 11.
You've started filling in the liquits here.
So, the malo liquits are yours, filled up like this. Look. Filled up like this, liquits.
So, what do you see? If I ask you the V reading, you say, "Sir, ten point two."
It's ten, and this one is from the scattered number, so it's ten point two.
But this is the label for the liquits, right in between ten point two and ten point three, so now it's clearly an error, isn't it?
I mean, we're not talking about ten points to pay, and if we talk more, it'll be ten points three.
But we said, between ten point three and ten point two, so this became an instrumental error.
Now, the reading I received came from Ten Point Two. I will keep applying every mathematical condition present in it and solve step by step.
So, the chemist had a major concern, so he also pulled out some things here for it. We'll now look at all these items here, kid, okay? Let's first see what's inside this—what all things are there? If you're taking notes, what...
We'll surely get some result by calculating, albeit a bit of the past.
The error will remain, but perhaps we can slightly mitigate this error.
can make negligible, how to make negligible, so for that
We scientists have created some terms, some notations—let's go.
Looking at that notation, these topics conclude here.
And the next topic begins, where we will see that
To reduce those errors, like 0.2, 0.3 errors
What was applied, carefully observed, we
We will see here scientific notation or exponential
Notation, a very important concept, child, pay full attention
I should be above you, because I am you
I am teaching chemistry in a very simple language.
Here, your full attention will be on me, won't it?
Because we are chemists, we understand atomic science and
You have to deal with the molecule, and there's an atom there.
Cyan and molecular radius are so tiny that brother
So many points go into numbers—how to see them?
As you are asked to write the value of one mole, one mole
How many particles are there? 6, 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23
We used to write like that, and later, as I came to know
The mass of hydrogen has been determined; what is the mass of one hydrogen atom?
What is the mass of hydrogen? Let's check, what is its mass?
0.0, it has such a massive size, so huge and large
How do you write numbers so big?
The child made for showing off everywhere,
Your small, not this biscuit, your exponential term is this one.
can be positive, and can also be negative, depending on you
And the innocent, simple-minded ones among the merchants, whom we have made into types, into forms, into shapes.
This could also be one of your own earthly desires, O poet.
The more you try to hide, the more you reveal; the more you conceal, the more evident it becomes. We do nothing but expose this woman.
Once it had been a fortress, but the Pran Fort was not right, as it seems.
So, from meditation, I'll see how I can write this.
And any one of our numbers could be between 0 and 10.
Alright, then what am I taking here, look, I'm taking six of these
Now I'm marking the points, so check where these points are coming from.
I'm marking the points here, here, here, here, here
So what am I doing, I'm going to the left-hand side here
So, the boat, the more to the left-hand side you go, the more positive you write.
What would you write for a more positive tone?
How many points am I making here, huh?
You will see through meditation, the matter I am referring to regarding the left net site.
No, I'm not talking about any point.
So I went one digit forward here
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 21, 22, and this is 23
I mean, I've gone 23 digits ahead
So 6.023 times 10 to the power of 23
So, carefully look, this is an exponent, meaning this has become
And what happened to x 10 raised to n?
How far did you go on the left side?
The more you go, the more you'll have to write 10 raised to in the plus sign.
What needs to be written will have to be written in plus.
As you can see, if you write a number like this, for example, you've written 6.023
Let's write down some numbers like this
So let's say you need to go to a point on the left side.
So, if you go to the left side, what will you write?
0.6023奇纳 कितना पॉइंट लेफ्ट हैंड साइड गया?
How many times should I write 10 raised to the power of 1? 1
How many points are left on the same side? So, write 10 raised to what power? 1
If it goes to two points, I write 10 raised to 2
If you still don't understand, please look once again.
Malu, I don't have any such number.
46302
I need to mark a point on the left side
How many digits to enter is very important.
one digit, two digits, three digits, four digits
like this, 1.6432
How many digits have I reached here?
How many digits have appeared on the left side?
Four digits have arrived?
10 raised to the power of 4
Shall I write or shall I not write?
So, son, what have you figured out here?
the more digits to the left you go
And then you'll score a point
Is everyone clear?
So let's also try doing this one and see
How would you write this?
If you go to the right side, the goods will be there
Where are you going?
right side
One went, two went, three went, four went
The further you go to the right side
Raise 10 to the power of minus that.
Everyone should remember this.
So, you know, I'm counting.
One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen
Have I really gone like this?
How far did it go here, all the way to 24
So that is
1.66 × 10⁻²⁴
I mean, where did I take these points?
Taken up to the 24th number
As you see, if I am given some value like this
0.00162
I mean, I have to take these points here with me.
Here
So, how many digits am I going to have on the right-hand side?
One, two, three, three digits I'm going
So what should I write?
10 to the power of minus 3
What should I write?
10 to the power of minus 3
As many digits as you want to move to the right side
Put on that much minus
As many digits as you want to move to the left side
What, are you going to put on a child?
How much will you apply? Plus. How much will you apply?
Look, I came from the left side of this place.
So what will you put on? Plus
I'm going to the right-hand side from here, so what should I put? Minus? Minus? This is called scientific notation, an into ten raised to the power of n. Any number you have, it can be between zero and ten, and this is how small it can get.
Any gangster in the middle, you bring him along with me, make him golden Shlom Yama, can you do it or not? Let's see, yes, but in the heart of Paralogoo, no one desires it.
If you need to place the point here, what would you do? And the second one, 0.8560, and if you need to place the point after the digit, what would you do?
I'm reading very well for you, so please do it right, okay? Comment on my comment section in the feedback, okay, kid, come on, let's move forward and read further. We all have understood it now. However, how much you leave the site, what will you put on pause?
Let's see, some of our numerics—first problem is for addition. Okay, something like this appears in exams for addition. What's given? Let's write it down: five point five times ten to the power of four, and the second one is...
Into ten rest because in addition, both have to go to their own places, so you'll have to take one of them, right? That's why we balance it, so that every child can understand how much this addition is.
These are the ones, Agar, you know, you're here, this one
It's 6 a.m. The alarm clock is ringing here. You can't sleep, and no one else is blinking either. It's daytime.
But the wicked soul sees it, the five of us will now perform our substrate, and in that substrate we must observe whose substrate we need to examine—pay attention, listen carefully, look closely: 3.5 into 10 raise 2 minus 2, this is it.
It should have power; otherwise, it won't work properly, and if it's not aligned correctly, problems will arise. Okay, if you need it, then you can have this.
They can do this to any of them, okay?
Let's do it.
Let's do any one of them
As if I have this only
If 3 is doing it to me, then I have to do it.
So what do you have to do to do this when you have to go to the left-hand side?
Or you have to go on the right side
Okay, so I'm telling you that if you have to do it
You will have to go to the right-hand side.
Then I have to go and enter through this side.
One more digit
Okay, so if I go to the right-hand side
It will be 30.0
It will become point 0.
reference to minus 3
minus 5.8
entertainers minus 3
Alright, now I'll handle these balances.
Here is the league I gave, 35
Here is the lig given 5 points toward this direction
0 What is it doing to me now
I want to see the sun, look here
Out of 10, 2 will remain here.
And here, how much is it? 5, so this becomes 4, this will leave 9, and this will leave 2. What did 29.2 come out to be? 29.2 × 10⁻³. In subtraction, when both terms are exponential, they are taken as common; only one of them is taken. This is 29.2 × 10⁻³ subtraction.
Vyarar is ahead, okay? Everyone understand how to do it? That is multiplication.
multiplication When someone is ill, our strength diminishes, and it becomes difficult to carry on. Okay, let's move on, but multiplication is something we need to do.
What do you have to do? You have to add them, like look here: 10 rest to 5 plus this ten rest to 8, right? Add them, okay?
If it's done, how much will you get? 10 rest to 13, okay. What will this be? 13 and this 5.6
Multiply them into each other, and you'll get 38.9 times ten to the rest two.
If you're looking to move the point here, and if you can bring the point over this way, then if you move the point from the left side, what needs to be done here is to place it and listen.
If you are late, you will have to go to the side entrance.
If you go to the right side, you'll have to subtract one, okay? An answer like this will appear here.
You'll get twenty point fifty into ten ratio minus eight. If you need the answer in point one, then take this to the right side, so two point four five will become your result. Look, one digit math.
You will understand, move forward, yourself, and if he kept standing, then in the end, he would have been left behind.
So, look at both of them—both the precision and accuracy of Tom, they are combined together.
First, let me tell you this: the more precise you are, the more accurate your results will be.
So, Madam, please, the press is here, your press, you will see Jefferson, look at the neighbors of this shore, the press was quite good.
The arrow had been drawn back and was resting in the middle. Two.
It is a big deal on Vicks, and if we find out about it, it will be fine.
What have we learned from this?
If we do too, we don't do it either.
We know that Ten Wushdake is with the narrator.
Budayat
Because the water is already overflowing in the water beach label, or perhaps they are also overflowing here, you've now realized one thing:
The higher your precision, the higher your accuracy results will be.
Okay, kid, clear? Everyone knows what precision and accuracy are, right? You'll explain it perfectly, won't you? Alright, I'm moving forward. Okay, let's go.
It's very easy to calculate the formula for absolute error, which is absolute error divided by the true value, multiplied by 100. Don't worry, we'll handle these numericals right away.
Your absolute deviation will be calculated, and the next formula is your absolute deviation, which is the absolute deviation. Actually, absolute deviation refers to
It's in the Pajutvi, whether you like it or not, or if you pay the fee, your Pajutvi will come. Let's check the final like, but what are those deviances? What are those deviances? Japan is where it is, the madguy.
So, you'll have to calculate the absolute deviation, divide it, subtract the mean, multiply the total mean by 100, and then you'll get the relative deviation. So, memorize these four formulas Readily
Where will we do it? Come on, let's go. You don't do it. You just give it here. Where will you do it? Wait, first look at the problems given. A 10-gram sample of potassium chlorate is provided, and decomposition to give the following.
So, the composition corrects the problems. The experiment shows ten results. First, the potassium chlorate decomposes, releasing oxygen gas, which is collected and measured. The oxygen gas produced is 3.2 grams, and this corresponds to the amount of oxygen released during the decomposition. For your experiment, the oxygen produced is 3.2 grams.
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absolutely
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Formula
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Mainaaz
Oubst Vety.
True Value
Absolute value minus true value, absolute value minus observed value, how much is your absolute value, then how much is your observed value, then the difference, my dear, this is the point, the matter is, it's heating up to 3.8 and it's heating up to 3.92, the unknown temperature
Birds 3.8 grams, this is 3.92 grams
And how did you get so angry that at once
If you have a protruding chin, you will have to correct it.
You are saying that this is what you have done.
You've removed it. You've removed it, absolute error.
So very formal formula,
Upstream value, downstream value.
You know, Turu Valu.
Look, the total turnover value is given here.
The mass of the sample is 3.92 grams, and the theoretical value is given as 3.8 grams of oxygen. When this sample decomposes, let's proceed to calculate the relative error in the second case.
Divided by the absolute value of the true value, this is the formula. Let me write it down: Absolute Error divided by the absolute value of the true value, multiplied by 100. Okay, now let's see the result. What is the absolute error we obtained?
Tell me, look here, here the absolute error is zero point one two gram, so what is the value? Point nine two gram into thousand. If you calculate the entire thing, what will you get? One thing to sell here.
I forgot, look, this minus sign is larger, so what will you put here, and what will you put here as well? That's correct. So if you divide this, what will you get?
Yo 3 pts
3.06%
B Khue
Minz T. Dhuruliye kе ŋukhāēgā jalā bagānā hī tounī hudayе Both two by ball baloo into
Second sambhys, you have been given these here masses and acijan
The values given here are 3.87, 3.89, and 3.95. If people are to speak, it's up to you.
The child is not a sharpener.
Avar agricultural
Noi had Kaliye Jitpam and
the same
Not a single one, not even a servant, dare to look.
Can you
better
Pay the fee
No.
For Krish in
Let me tell you why Pasuloo Dhevishen came here
Officer
The goddesses have spoken, haven't they?
Deviyan's formula, what am I? Mood aju kh
Maud Egaḍaṃ
Afzal
Afzal Zam
Thikke
Full moon, absorb, minus
What happens?
We see that we have
The Absorb value is there
Look here
When this came here, I got so much
Myself
How can I be with you, my dear?
What is the formula for Calcute Hmen?
Hi
You never know what might be required of you.
The three samples you have with you
3.87, connect everyone with it
3.95
And what about the last one?
Plus
3.89
What do you want to do by interfering with everyone?
Divide by two, just as you will divide by two
Then you'll get the mean here.
Here you are
3.90
3.87
3.90
0.03
What was my absolute deviation earlier?
AD is writing here.
How much absolute deviation am I getting?
0.03
We take out the second one
3.95 Absorb Value, place it there
And minus me, mean
What is the value of 3.90?
So how much will you get?
Plus Five
0.05 This is what you will get
I'm not keeping it; please place it there yourself.
I'm taking this in Kolkata, Orolí
Set the absolute value to 3.95
And how much will you keep? 3.90
Then you will get it.
absolute deviation
divided by
mean
into 100
Alright
Mean of absolute deviation
You'll have to figure out the meaning of all this yourself.
Alright, let's go then, let's get out of here, all of us
Where is the world? Is there any world? Come, let me do it here.
0.03
Plus
One minute, I'll take the other one.
0.03
Plus
0.05
0.01
divided by 3
So when you divide the sum of all of them by 3
So you will get 0.03
Alright
Alright, I've taken care of it.
mean of absolute deviation — this was your absolute deviation
What did I take out here? I took it out right here.
So let's put in the values
And let's see what we get here.
Come on
The mean absolute deviation is 0.03.
How much do we have?
So this is our total mean here
3.90 into 100
Alright, do it properly then.
and what you will get here
When you disconnect it
You will get 0.8%
How much will the child get for you?
0.8%
Alright, so you're going to do this
If you deviate, you will get 0.8%
You will have to multiply it by 100
Alright, so these two are numerical.
They are very important to you.
For the unit or for your exam
Because many times the teacher directly asks questions here
Like
absolute
deviation, relative deviation Okay
This is not it.
The questions directly asked about this
So I've already taken care of this problem, please
You will examine it carefully.
And I've already taken care of that problem absolutely.
error and relative errors
If you encounter any problems even after this, you can still do it.
If you still encounter problems, what can I do for you?
I can take a break.
How do you feel about this video, sir? Life
Please tell me, is it correct?
So that I can have your comments box, I want you to comment and let me know whether yes, sir, I am understanding or not understanding, okay? So thank you for watching this video, and please do subscribe at Jat.