Abacus Rules for Level 1 I Abacus Small Friend, Big Friend, Combination Friend Formulas #abacus

Abacus Rules for Level 1 I Abacus Small Friend, Big Friend, Combination Friend Formulas #abacus
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Small Friend Add
In the case of Small friend, we take the bead of value 5 as the reference. To obtain the number from the addition and subtraction on abacus, we operate the reference 5 with the small friend.
if we have add 1+4, to add 4 but there are not enough beads left, so we will take the help of small friend as per the formula ‘add 5 less 1’.
if we have subtract 5-4 , To subtract 4, we have to take the help of small friend as there are not enough beads on the lower deck to subtract . Use the formula ‘Less 5 add 1’