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Welcome dear listeners to the program Exploring Life Today we are honored to present to you an article by the author Lu Yu titled "The House of the Question " Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift like a seed sown in the frost eventually blossomed into a truth Article sourced from Epoch Times Throughout the history of science numerous groundbreaking ideas have been ridiculed Yet over time ideas once dismissed became the foundation for modern scientific understanding Alfred Wegener and his theory of continental drift are one such case Interdisciplinary Science Alfred Wegener was born in 1880 in Berlin Germany Fourth he is an astrophysicist yet he spends much of his time on meteorological and atmospheric physics research He had never received formal training in geology yet in 1912 he proposed a bold hypothesis Today's continents were once part of a single supercontinent Pangea before breaking apart and drifting across the oceans Wegener's hypothesis immediately caused a sensation in the scientific community Some people reacted with curiosity and confusion However most responded with skepticism even ridiculing his continental drift hypothesis They believed a meteorologist from an unrelated field could never possibly have the ability to rewrite Earth's history For nearly two decades of the remaining years of his life starting from when the hypothesis was proposed Wegener focused on proving his continental drift theory was correct once again positioning himself as an outsider in the scientific community The evidence from observation shows that Wegener did not propose his hypothesis merely on intuition but based on careful observations He presented compelling evidence When examining a world map Alfred Wegener noticed There is an undeniable coincidence that the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa fit together perfectly like two pieces of a puzzle fitting perfectly together The precision of the match convinced him that This cannot merely be a random outcome of natural erosion He believed those two continents were once joined as a single unified landmass Later once broken apart they drift farther out to sea His skepticism was further reinforced when he studied fossil remains of the ancient freshwater crocodile Mesozores four cannot swim far across the vast ocean yet still left traces in both South America and Africa What is remarkable is that they have never been found anywhere else Wekiner explains that there is only one possibility: these two continents were once joined as a single landmass And thus that creature once lived in the same environment When separated they left fossils on both sides of the ocean Going further he also pointed out a strange similarity the geological structure spanning vast distances between continents For instance ancient mountain ranges in Southeast Brazil and West Africa contain nearly identical rock compositions ages and sedimentary layers Ancient basement blocks such as those beneath San Francisco South America and the West African Plateau When placed side by side they fit together astonishingly tightly These findings further support the hypothesis that They originally belonged to a geological system before being severed Wagner also paid particular attention to glacial traces Found in South Africa India South America and Australia these regions today have tropical or subtropical climates It is entirely unsuitable for glacier formation He believed the presence of these traces This can only be explained if the continents were once located near the South Pole where they were covered in ice and then moved to their current positions Moreover he noted the widespread distribution of several ancient plant species such as clubmoss and soft terraces on the southern continents The fact that the same ancient tree species appears in locations thousands of kilometers apart further indicates that They once lived together on the same land before being separated Firm in their belief despite the evidence being quite clear Most scientists still could not accept the continental drift theory They posed a question that Wegener had failed to answer What allowed the continents to move At that time humans had not yet explored the ocean floor No underwater mountain range had yet been discovered nor was there any concept of plate tectonics Wegener lacked access to modern measuring tools Only observations and reasoning This led people to regard his theory as fanciful He himself was excluded from mainstream scientific forums yet despite such opposition Wegener never abandoned his goal He still believed in his own theory continued publishing books gathering evidence and striving to explain things that only he could see That steadfast resolve endured until 1930 the year marking the beginning of the fateful expedition to Greenland He vanished forever in the blizzard By then his theory of continental drift had still not been accepted by the scientific community The time to speak up Since the 1950s deep-sea surveys have revealed as delivered a discovery that stunned the scientific community Deep beneath the ocean floor They discovered vast hidden mountain ranges stretching for thousands of kilometers There the Earth's crust is not static as once believed cracking apart molten rock spurting out through the fissures then rapidly cooling upon contact with the cold seawater It quickly cools and solidifies into a new layer of rock Each time lava erupts and adds another layer The old shell membranes are gradually pushed outward to both sides Imagine the phenomenon as a loaf of bread baking in an oven the inner dough swelling and causing the loaf to crack down the middle Then the new dough surged out forcing the two sides of the pastry apart The entire process occurring at the ocean floor unfolded in exactly the same way The only difference is that instead of powder it's streams of flickering silent and continuous flame That mechanism operates like a giant conveyor belt generating new rock at its center and pushing older sections outward This phenomenon of seafloor spreading provided the answer to the mystery that Wegener had been unable to prove in his time What causes continents to move and through what mechanism By the 1960s theory of plate tectonics had emerged This theory suggests that the Earth's crust is not a single solid piece but rather composed of numerous massive fragments drifting slowly atop the molten material beneath like rafts floating on a vast monotonous sea The continuous movement of these plates causes the continents to shift When two plates collide Rock layers folded and stacked upon one another formed majestic mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and the Andes On the contrary when the fragments separate the land stretches apart forming a new ocean Even phenomena such as earthquakes or volcanoes This is also explained by the movement mechanism of these membranes Since then scientists have been forced to reconsider theory of continental drift once dismissed as mere fantasy as become the foundation of modern geology And Alfred Wegener after being ridiculed for half a century finally gained recognition He has been exonerated He was right A priceless lesson for humanity Today students around the world are taught theory of continental drift The name of Wegener found in textbooks in museums and in the grateful hearts of humanity— the story of the continental drift theory s legacy is not merely a chapter in scientific history but also a powerful warning —a profound lesson tha Not everything humanity uncovers is an absolute truth sometimes truth lies in the very things that people often overlook Trusting only in empirical science believing it to be the ultimate authority Faith in God in Heaven in the Soul Reincarnation and Karma What many scientists still doubt may well be the very truth that modern science has yet to fully grasp Not yet reached Just as Wegener was once doubted but ultimately proved correct There are things that cannot be measured using machinery cannot be simulated in a laboratory because they exist beyond the physical world because they lie beyond the material world The material world that humans can perceive According to cultivators these can only be sensed through a different sense awakened by moral cultivation All spiritual teachers from East to West teach humanity to cultivate virtue honesty compassion patience and forgiveness It is the doorway to wisdom a higher form of knowledge transcending the understanding of science True science should never be blind never arrogant but must know how to doubt itself In conclusion Alfred Wegener did not live long enough to see himself vindicated but he courageously planted a seed amidst skeptical eyes The scientific community was stunned at the time and ultimately that seed blossomed into the flower of truth And who knows perhaps right now In this noisy world there are still those who quietly hold on to a belief deemed absurd They are waiting for a world— owing how to listen —not just with your ears but with your back and your heart Dear viewers Exploring Life concludes here today Thank you for watching Thank you for listening caring and following our channel Warm regards goodbye and see you again in the next program