Jainism - Complete Ancient History Through Animation - By Aadesh Singh - StudyIQ IAS

StudyIQ IAS Now affordable preparation Welcome to Jainism StudyIQ My name is Order Singh. Today, I will introduce you to a hidden part of Indian ancient history. Who changed the Indian Society Not only did it leave a deep impact on the religious scenario Instead, it also impacted the political setup and even the economy. Its effect is still visible today. The basic ideology of Gandhi Ji inspired the non-violence movement right here. In Panchala and Videha, where the Upanishads were being compiled around 600 BCE In these philosophical texts, the Reuchlin was criticized and emphasis was placed on the naive. Several important changes were observed at the end of the Vedic phase. As the territorial kingdoms began, which were called Janapadas These regions were under the rule of the Kshatriya rulers. The purpose of the war was no longer limited to capturing Gavle Catl. Rather, capturing territory was also an important aspect of war. The Mahabharata War is also said to have occurred during this period. The pastoral society, that is, the herders, were converting into an agricultural society. During this period, several religious sects, that is, denominations, emerged in the Middle Ganges Plains. About 62 sects have emerged, according to some estimates. Among these, the most important sects were Jainism and Buddhism. Today, in this story, we will focus on Jainism. Koazis au Origin First, understand what has been the cause of the start of these release orders. Letter was divided into Vedic Society for Varnaj And these divisions gradually became rigid. Tension had spread throughout the society with this caste system. It is difficult to determine the reactions of Vaishyas and Shudras. But the Kshatriya class definitely started raising their voice against Brahmin dominance. They launched a type of protest movement regarding the importance of birth in the caste system. The Kshatriya class certainly started raising their voice against Brahmin dominance. But the rise of New Religions was the real cause of the spread of a new type of agrarian economy in Northeast India. Iron use began in Eastern UP, North and Bihar by the end of the 6th century BC. Which made it easier for Dennis Forest to clear, and people began to live here on a large scale. And it was here that the beginning of wide-area agriculture started. Around 500 BC, large-scale settlement in Northeast India began. Like Koshambhi, Kushinagar, Varanasi, Vaishali, Chirand, Taradi, Pataliputra, Rajgir, and Champā Several citizens were associated with Vardhamana Mahavira. First, in this round, the coin was used in trade and commerce, which were the coins of the Panch Marked Variety. Trade was experiencing good growth due to the use of coins, which led to the increasing importance of merchants in society. Naturally, the prostitute color began to look for a religion that could improve their social position. There were many reasons for their support; initially, Jainism did not attach importance to the caste system. The second Jainism refers to the concept of non-violence, which leads to mercy and an increase in trade and commerce. The third Brahminical sutras, such as the Dharma Sutras, condemned money lending, which led traders to be looked down upon. For this reason, the trading class began searching for a new religion to improve their social status. Meanwhile, the old-fashioned people of the society began to demand the old way of life. As the old people in the Modern Times were not able to accept the changes during the Industrial Revolution. The new clothing pattern, private property, and new types of houses were not to their liking. And they wanted a primitive lifestyle. In Jainism, a simple, pure, and ascetic lifestyle is emphasized, which began to attract people. This was the reason why religions like Jainism began to appear promising, and their rise became easy. Vardhamana Mahavira Friends, they are considered the real founders of the Jain religion. According to Jain beliefs, their most important religious teacher, Mahavira, had 23 predecessors, who were his ancestors. Those who are called Tirthankaras Jainas believe that the first Tirthankara of Jainism was Rishabdev, and it was he who established Jainism. Rishabdev is considered to be from Ayodhya. If Mahavira is considered the 24th Tirthankara, then the origin of Jainism goes back to around the 9th century BC. While the settlement of Ayodhya began in 500 BC, it is difficult to establish the historicity of Rishabhanatha. The historicity of all other Tirthankaras is also extremely doubtful. The important teachings of Jainism began with Parshvanatha, who was the 23rd Tirthankara. But according to historians, the spiritual successor of Parsva, Vardhamana Mahavira, is the true founder of Jainism. It is not possible to determine the exact dates of Mahavira's birth and death. But according to tradition, their birth took place in Vaishali in 540 BC. Which is located in the Vaishali district of Bihar, according today's standards. They were the head of the Siddhartha Kshatriya clan, and their mother was the sister of the Turishala Licchavi chief Chetak. The daughter of Chetak got married with Bimba Sar. It is clear that Mahavira's family was related to the Magadha royal family. Mahavira lived a householder's life at the beginning. They gave up the world at the age of 30, in search of and understanding of truth, and became an ascetic. He spent 12 years merely chanting the Brahman. It is said that during these 12 long years, they never wore clothes. And at the age of 42, when he attained Cavlya, or Omniscience, he completely renounced all clothing. With the help of Kavlya, they conquered Mithila and Hapinisa. Because of this conquest, they were called Mahavira, meaning the great hero, or Jina, meaning the conqueror, and their followers were called Jains. For thirty years, Mahavira propagated and expanded his religion, and this mission took him to cities such as Kashi, Magadha, Mithila, and Champā. Their death occurred in Pavapuri, meaning they attained Nirvana. These are located in the Rajgir district of Bihar. Friends move forward and take a look at the doctrines of Jainism, that is, its principles. Five principles are mentioned in Jainism. It is said that only the fifth principle, celibacy, was added by Mahavira. The other four they took from the previous archers. The most important doctrine of Jainism was Ahimsa, meaning non-injury to living beings. The predecessor of Mahavira, namely Parsva, said Ask your followers to cover the upper body and learning function While Mahavira gave his followers the order to kill Kapade t This indicates that Mahavira taught his followers Live a more strict and straightforward life. One of the reasons was also this. That later, Jainism split into two sects. Svetambara, who started wearing white clothes Jainism redefined the existence of the Gauds. But they kept them below the Shwini. The caste system was not entirely condemned by Jainism. As the wise did. According to Mahavira, a person is born in the lower and upper worlds It depended on the sins and virtues committed in his previous birth. This means that they believed in the Mahavira theory of karma. The people of Loar Cast live a pure and virtuous life according to Mahavira's teachings. They could have achieved liberation. The motivation of Freedom from Worldly Bonds, that is, Jainism's liberation from the world, was the goal. It is clear that they were talking about the Mahavir Liberation Army. There was no need for any kind of reinsurance. The right knowledge, right faith, and right action could be found here. Both war and agriculture are prohibited in Jainism. Because both of them had the killing instinct of living beings. As a result, Jainism remained limited to mercantile activities and trade. Friends, now let's talk about how Jainism spread. Spread of Jainism Mahavira established a group order of followers to spread Jainism, Where both men and women could be admitted. Mahavira spread his teachings to the common people using the Prakrit language. It is said that they had around 14,000 followers, which is not a very large number. Jainism did not specifically differentiate itself from Brahmanical religion. That was the reason he could not attract Massachusetts. Nevertheless, the Gajulie spread continued in South and West India, where Brahmanical religion was somewhat weaker. According to tradition, the spread of Jainism in Karnaataka was due to Chandragupta Maurya, who was the first ruler of the Maurya Empire. But there is no historical evidence. The second reason is attributed to the Great Famine in Magadha, which occurred two years after Mahavira's death. This Femin Bara lasted for a year. To avoid this, a group of Jainas migrated to South India. Under the leadership of Bhadrabahu, Jainism spread throughout the fourth India. The remaining people stayed in Magda, Under the leadership of the land arm. After Femin is over Differences were created in both groups, On the basic concepts of Jainism. To resolve these differences And to compile the teachings of Jainism A council was convened in Pataliputra. But the Jainas who returned with him It boycotted this council. Since then, the House Group has been Dighambraj, And the Magadhan group came to be known as Shvetambara. Thus, Jainism split into two sects. These Feminine Thighs are questionable in authenticity. But it is clear that Jainism is Jainism was divided into two sects. Friends, it is necessary to mention here that Jainism has a The council later also took place in 512 A.D. Kshamasa Ramana had approved it. Speaking of Kalinga Orisha, here is The spread of Jainism occurred in the 4th Century B.C. In the 1st Century B.C., King Kharavela of Kalinga Petrine Jains joined. Its district in Tamil Nadu Spread appeared in the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. In the coming centuries, Malwa, Gujarat And Jainism spread in Rajasthan, where They still have a substantial population. My occupation is still trade and commerce today. Here is an interesting point that arises, although This Jainism is rapidly gaining ground in comparison to Buddhism. Not spread out, but the Jain population still exists today. It remains here, while the intelligent virtual assistant It's done. Friends, a glance at Jainism's website. We also contribute to the contributions. Contribution of Jainism is the first It was a serious attempt, the character system and the rationalist. He was fighting against Vedic religion. The early Jainas discarded Sanskrit, Who was in Brahmans Patriniz. They have Adopted the common people's language, that is, the vernacular, To prepare your doc. Their religious literature was written in Ardhamagadhi, It is a work that was completed in the sixth century AD in the village of Valbhi. As a result, the natural language began to grow. Several regional languages began to develop, moving away from the original language. As Shauraseni, from which the Marathi language developed. The early Jainas wrote some important works in the Prakrit language and also compiled its first grammar. Jainas wrote several texts in Sanskrit during the early medieval era. Jainism has also contributed to art and architecture. Jain architecture developed alongside Buddhist and Hindu architecture in the early periods. They managed to establish their own identity in the later centuries. Many temples were built especially in the West Indies Udayagiri and Khandagiri are excellent examples of Jain architecture in Odisha. Those built by King Kharavela between 193 and 170 BCE for Jain monasteries You surely know the Gomateshwara statue of Shravanabelagola. The Joki World's Tallest Monolith Statue is Temples of Delwada built between the 11th and 13th centuries in Rajasthan We get to see the dedicated Kavd marbles of Tirthankara. We will have a detailed discussion about Jain architecture in a separate video. Friends also take a look at how Jainism declined. They come to know Decline of Jainism First, Jainism presented the first opposition to Brahmin religion. Because of which the Brahmins expelled him The second reason was the Rigor Principles, which were very strict. Therefore, the Agregrian people, meaning the massage, could not embrace it. Fasting, renunciation, or giving up, and the ascetic life are hard principles that the general householders cannot follow. Third, which could be the most important reason. It was that Jainism never received political patronage. The way many rulers such as Ashoka, Kanishka, and Atsattara were attracted by Buddhism Jainism did not attract any rulers. Then, friends, we have seen how Jainism emerged as a sect due to various political, social, and economic conditions. And ultimately converted into a religion. Despite being a minor population, the strong ideals of great Tirthankaras like Mahavira are the best. Jainism has survived every era of Indian history and is still an important religion in India today. The preparation is now complete.