Sangam Age | Complete Ancient History Through Animation for UPSC | By Aadesh Singh | StudyIQ IAS

StudyIQ IAS Now prepared affordable Sangam Age Welcome to StudyIQ My name is Order Singh Friends The beginning of the historical period in the House of India It is believed to be from the Sangam Age. Haisa therefore Because up until then, here The Mega Lithic Period was ongoing. Those who are part of the prehistoric period Those who are graphically part of the Indian Parliament It means the River Krishna. And the South area of Tungabhadra And the Timeline of the Sangam Period If we talk about it, this is Then let's start today's discussion. Which is the Sangam era In which we go into detail about it They will understand various aspects First, let's find out what this is. Why is it called the Sangam Period? What is the meaning of the confluence? Meaning of the Confluence It has read the name of this period. The Samgong Assemblies held here That is the Academy of Tamil These assemblies on the Poets The Pandya Kings of Madurai Was organized in Petrinje Among these confluences, many are And compile the literatures In the form of anthologies This is the Literati Works Dredian Literature They are considered the earliest specimens According to the Tamil Legends Three sammels were organized It is believed tha Who was attended by the Gods And Legnery Sajis Any literary work of this confluence Not available The Second Congress was organized. In Kadapaduam It is only a literary work that survives this confluence. Many Tamil literary works are still in existence. And the history of the Sangam period A useful source for reconstruction Then I am, now know Details of Sangam Literature Sangam Literature Sangam Literature Around Was compiled between 300 and 600 AD We can divide this into two groups. First narrative and second didactic Narrative texts to Mail Connekun This is known as the Acropolis. And the ten idols that they call Patu Didactic texts to kill the mind This is known as the Minor Works. Everything is included in the Sangam Literature Let's start with the first point. Tol Kapiyum was written by Tol Kapiyar. It is considered the earliest Tamil literary work. Actually, it is about Tamil grammar. But also about the political and social economic conditions of that time. This provides information Next is Etu Togai. Meaning and anthologies Where At Works Those who were the Ionian sages Narrenai Aganaru Purunanuru Kurun Togei Kalit Togei Peri Padel And Paddiru Padu Next is Pattu These are ten ideals. What is made from Ten Works It included Tirumurugaru's Study Porunararu study Muliya Pattu The works of Actu Togai and Pattu are We can further divide based on the basis of Thane. Two parts Law, that is, Ahm And Valler means Pura. Next is Patinenkilkkanen It is a collection of writings on ethics and morals by Atten. The most important one is Tirukkural. Who wrote it, Thiruvalluvar Celia Pathikaram was the writer of Ilango Adigal in Apex. They also provide valuable details about the Sangam Society and Polarity. These epics were composed in the sixth century AD. Saila Patikaram is considered the brightest gem of Early Tamil literature. It tells the story of a person named Coblan. The one who loves Madhavi, the wife of Kaveri Patnam, while leaving his wife Kannangi The second epic, written by Sitalai, was a gran merchant from Sattnar Madurai. They have written about the adventures of Coblan and Madhavi's daughter's life. In addition to Sangam literature, there are other sources that provide information about this period. Let's also find out about them. Other Sources We receive details about the Sangam period from different sources. As did the Greek writers such as Megasthenes, Strabo, Pliny, and Ptolemy Provide information on trade contacts between West and India The Ashoka inscriptions mention the rulers Chera, Chola, and Pandya along with the Mauryan Empire. Meanwhile, in the Gummapha inscription, there is a mention of Tamil kingdoms as well, under the rule of King Kharavela. That's a different source. Let's go up and learn about the political situation during the Sangam period. During the Sangam Age, South India was ruled by three dynasties. Those were the Cheras, Cholas, and Pandyas. We learn about them one by one. Let's start with Cherry Cherry They controlled the Central and Naukan Parishes of Kerala and the Kongu region of Tamil Nadu. Their capital was Wanjie. Their control extended over ports like Musiri and Tondi on the west coast The royal emblem of Chera was a bull and an arrow. The Festus Century AD inscription refers to three generations of Chera rulers. The importance of Cheraj increases due to trade relations with Rome. Romans also built the Temple of Augustus in the Chera Kingdom. The greatest ruler of Chera was Senguttuvan, who also called the Red Chera or the Black Chera. It also mentions their Himalayan expedition, where they defeated many North Indian rulers. Senguttuvan begins his worship in Tamil Nadu as the ideal wife of the Pattini cult or Kannagi. They were the first kings to send envoys to China from South India. Let's now learn about the Cholas. Cholas The Cholas controlled the Nandhagopuram and central parts of Tamil Nadu. Their rule's core area was the Kaveri Delta. Which later became known as Cholamandalam Their capital was near Thiruchurappalli Town in Uraiyur. The port city of Puhar or Kaveripattinam was their chief port town. Their royal emblem was the tiger. The Cholas maintained an efficient navy as well. The famous king of Sangam Chola was King Karikala. You can find a description of his life and military conquests in "Pattina Badaei" Many songs mention the Battle of Agincourt. Where they had defeated the Confederacy of Chera, Pandya, and 11 Minor Chieftains The military of Kariyala makes them the overall commander of the entire Tamla region at that time. Their rules have a lot of flair and commerce. Karakkola is known as the founder of Puhar Port City. They also constructed a 160-kilometer embankment along the Kaveri River. Let's now learn about Pandhya. Pandhya's Pandya ruled from Madurai. Korakai was my port It was famous for its pearl fishing. Their royal emblem was a fish. It was they who patronized the Tamil Sangams. And facilitated the compilation of the Sangam poems. They believed in the Vedic religion. Their power declines after the invention of the tribe called Power Calabra. After the Sangam Age, for a period longer than a thousand years The Pandyan Dynasty loses its significance Friend, this is about important dynamics. Now, we also understand the overall policy and administration of Sangam Edge. Sangam Policy and Administration The governance style of the Sangam period was inherited from the monastic tradition. The king's son would become the king. All the dynasties of the Sangam Age had their own royal emblems. As we have seen before, the Chola tiger, the Chera Bho and Naro, and the Pandya fish There used to be a wide body officials to assist the king. Those that were categorized in the Five Councils These councils were ministers who called themselves Amateurs. Priests said that the Anandnagar, Onvoyez, which was called Jinna Thura. Military commanders, meaning generals and spies, are orar. Their military administration was very efficiently organized. And there was a regular army with all the rulers. The chief source of state income was land revenue. And customs duties were also imposed on the Fournier treaty. The import method to fill the Royal Treasury The herbs were captured in the wards. Roads and highways were maintained by the maintenance department. To Prevent Robbery and Smuggling Here, guards were also stationed. That was the political situation at that time. Now let's go towards the Sangam Society Sangam Society Five divisions are mentioned in the Toda Kapayam. These were the Kurinji, meaning the Hill Tracks. Murlai, that is, the Pastoral Land Murudam, which was a prehistoric land It was called the Nirdal Coastland. And it was read "Desert Land" It also mentions four castes in the Tod Kapiya. As the RASR means the ruling class Those who were involved in the political and religious fields Traders who engaged in trade and commerce Waldlar, that is, the Agriculter As the ancient primitive tribes lived during this period In addition, the Sangam literature provides considerable information about the position of women. Women were treated with respect during the Sangam period. And it was allowed for them to pursue intellectual activities. Such women poets as Avvaiyar, Nachchellayar, and Kakkaiyapadiyan have contributed to Tamil literature. Women had the freedom to choose their life partner. But the life of the widows was miserable. The practice of sati was also prevalent in the higher strata of society. After the Society's Discovery, let's now also look at the Releases Developments during the Sangam Period. Religious During the Sangam Age The primary deity of the Sangam period was Lord Murugan. The period of Sangam is also referred to as the Tamil Gold Age. Mentions of festivals related to Gauthama Murugan are found in Sangam literature. Murugan is honored by the Six Aborigines. The one famous under the name Arupadai Video In addition, there was a time period called the Sangam. Goddess Mayon means Vishnu's, Vendra, meaning Indira, Varunda, and Kurra. Hero Stone or Nandukal Varsip was also significant during the Sangam period. These hero stones were erected in memory of the bravery shown by the warriors in battle. Let's now understand the Sangam Age economy. Ekanumi Era of the Confluence of Ages The chief occupation during the Agricultural Age was Handicrafts, industries such as weaving, metal works, carpentry, shipbuilding, and beads, stones, and ivory were part of the Sangam period. Their handicraft items were in high demand in both internal and external trade. The Sangam people had expertise in spinning and weaving cotton and silk cloth. They had a lot of prestige in the Western World. Especially the cotton cloth from Uraiyur. The port of Puhar was an important center foreign trade. In addition, there were other important ports such as Tondi, Musiri, Korkai, and others. Comedy. A large number of gold and silver coins issued by Roman emperors such as Augustus, Tiberius, and Nero have been found in all parts of Tamil Nadu, indicating flourishing trade. Major Excavations That was the eulogy of Sangamaj. The decline of the Sangam period also begins during the early years of the Third Century AD. After the Sangam period, the Tamil country is occupied by the Kalabhras between 380 and 600 AD. These periods are also referred to by Armenian historians as an interregnum or a dark age. Friends, the friendship period may decline, but its legacy remains. The Dravidian languages begin their development during this period. And we also receive the classical literary heritage as the Sangam literature. At the same time, the foundation of political, intellectual, cultural, and economic life in South India is also found within the Sangam Age. StudyIQ IAS, now affordable preparation.