SpaceX is in a big problem. 2023 saw the first two launches of the Starship integrated flight,
but you know both of them ended in big flames. For SpaceX, this was a completely successful
failure as they saw these setbacks as part of the mission's progress. Unsurprisingly,
SpaceX's testing philosophy is test, fly, fail, fix, repeat. However, this is not the case for
the government. As an important part of NASA Artemis to send humans back to the moon,
the United States government just declared this about SpaceX Starship after the big explosion.
Discuss everything about this in today's episode of TechMap. But before we begin,
our team extends a warm welcome. Don't forget to subscribe to the channel and enable notifications
to stay up to date with the latest news from SpaceX and the world of space. With that in mind,
let's jump straight into today's episode. NASA's ambitious Artemis program gave a shot in the arm
for space exploration with its mission to put humans back on the moon. But now, it seems like
the space agency's Artemis 3 mission, which will land astronauts on the moon, will not happen at
least until 2027. The GAO report, released November 30, found that slow progress on both the human
landing system, HLS Lunar Lander being developed by SpaceX and new lunar spacesuits from Axiom
Space, would prevent NASA from achieving its current goal of a late 2025 landing on the Artemis
mission. Much of the report's emphasis was on HLS development. SpaceX, the GAO concluded,
is facing multiple issues that limit this progress and jeopardize its ability to support an Artemis
3 mission in 2025. Those issues include an ambitious schedule, a large volume of remaining
work and delayed progress on its development to date. Firstly, NASA's timeline for the human
landing system program is incredibly ambitious, planning to complete the program's development
from project start to launch human in 79 months or six years and seven months.
It turns out to be 13 months shorter than the average for NASA major projects.
The complexity of human spaceflight suggests that it is unrealistic to expect the program
to complete development more than a year faster than the average for NASA's major projects,
the majority of which are not human spaceflight projects. Not to mention,
progress was also hindered by Blue Origin's lawsuit, causing all activities to be paused.
GAO found that if development took as long as the average for NASA major projects,
the Artemis 3 mission would likely occur in early 2027.
Second, the technical requirements of the program are very complex.
The basic plan for the Artemis 3 mission involves a multi-step effort that would see a Starship fuel
depot placed in orbit first, followed by multiple tankers to transfer methane and liquid oxygen into
that depot. Once fully fueled, a lunar Starship will launch to rendezvous with the fuel depot
before heading to the Moon. While the steps might sound straightforward, the operational
techniques are required at a high level. In advance, the most powerful rocket Starship
needs to be reliable in carrying humans and keep up with the high flight cadence in the mission,
which could be up to 20 refueling launches per Moon landing, as NASA expects. Additionally,
SpaceX must master in-orbit refueling, a feat yet to be accomplished at that scale by anyone.
Of course, after that, it must land on the Moon successfully. However, currently,
Starship has not yet reached orbit. Although its rapid development progress is off the table,
the conflict between SpaceX and government regulators in the past seriously affected
the timeline of Starship's two previous orbital test flights. And now, the consequences are
becoming clearer. GAO indicated this in its report, saying that SpaceX's work on HLS was
going at a slower pace than projected, taking more than half the overall schedule to reach the
preliminary design review milestone, versus an average of 35% for major NASA projects.
SpaceX has delayed multiple key events, not specified in the report, from 2023 to 2024,
compressing the remaining schedule. As of September 2023, the Human Landing System
program had delayed eight of 13 key events by at least six months. Two of these events have
been delayed to 2025, the year the lander is planned to launch. Given such challenges,
conducting dozens of test launches and developing so many important technologies in such a tight
timeframe seems unfeasible, and GAO has a similar view. To avoid the same problem in the future,
GAO issued a report recommending that the FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation
comprehensively evaluate its processes for investigating launch mishaps,
including developing criteria for when those investigations should be led by the lunch
operator. According to the report, FAA relies on the operator-led approach, agency officials told
us because, given highly specialized vehicle designs among companies, the agency does not
have adequate resources for in-house investigations, those officials estimated that an
agency-led investigation might take 10 to 20 times longer because the FAA lacks the intimate
knowledge of vehicle design needed to effectively investigate mishaps. Hopefully, through GAO's
comments, the FAA can improve its process to accommodate the rapidly increasing commercial
launch context. Anyway, while waiting for that good context to come at present, SpaceX has been
working around the clock to complete the Artemis 3 mission despite many obstacles.
This shows their strong determination to prove that NASA's selection in 2021
is completely wise. In September, the media recorded the image of a Starship's nose cone
that was outfitted with supposedly life-support systems and a door to access a mock-up of the
crew interior for development of the crew's Starship HLS variant. Simultaneously, we also
saw Ship 26, which had no flaps, payload bay, or heat shield, seemingly as the first full-scale
human landing system mock-up. On October 21, SpaceX conducted a single-engine static fire on
Ship 26 that demonstrated flight-like startup for a Starship deorbit burn. On December 7,
the prototype was seen in the rocket garden and was hooked up to a crane. At the time I made this
report, the information about its next steps remains mysterious. But the only thing I can
ensure is that in August, SpaceX ran successfully the Vacuum Raptor engine ACE's cold space test as
a part of the preparation for Artemis. The test confirmed the engine can be started in the extreme
cold conditions resulting from extended time in space. Back in November 2021, the company also
achieved one of the first test milestones under the Artemis 3 contract, which was also an engine
test, demonstrating the Raptor's ability to perform the critical phase when landing on the Moon.
In a 281-second-long test firing, Raptor demonstrated the powered descent portion of
the mission when the Starship HLS leaves its orbit over the lunar surface and begins its descent to
the Moon's surface to land. So far, SpaceX is almost on the threshold of IFT3's launch date
when they could attempt propellant transfer demonstration, which is essential for future
missions to the Moon and Mars. Ship 28 and Booster 10 have been cryo-tested at Massey's already,
both of which are ready for another at the launch site, but could also move to static fire testing
sooner than previous flows. Everything seems to be going smoothly. The point, in this case,
is there's going to be a big improvement in the timeline that we saw between IFT1 and 2,
thanks to the padmods and how well the second flight performed. With positive signals like
the present, I'm pretty sure that the next test flights of Starship will occur more frequently,
and the day it reaches orbit successfully is not in too distant future. However, the success of
Starship does not mean 100% that Artemis 3 will take place on schedule. You should forget or
should not forget that the Axiom spacesuit also plays a significant role. The GAO report also
suggested potential delays in the development of those suits by Axiom. The company is still in the
early stages of suit development, with a preliminary design review scheduled for November.
As of November 30, neither NASA nor Axiom had reported the completion of that review.
The report stated that Axiom planned to redesign portions of the suit, based on a design previously
developed by NASA, to meet agency requirements that the suit provide 60 minutes of emergency
life support capabilities that could delay the overall development of the spacesuit, it warned.
Axiom's remaining work to develop and procure suit components risks potential delays,
the GAO stated. That includes supply chain challenges such as critical components from
suppliers that have lead times of 12 to 18 months. And that just about wraps it up for today's
episode. Make sure you subscribe to the channel and turn on the notification feature so you don't
miss any space important updates. Your support is our driving force to continue delivering high
quality content. Thank you and we look forward to seeing you next time.