NASA Đang Cố Tìm Kiếm Gì Dưới Đáy Đại Dương- Điều Này Có Thể Thay Đổi Mọi Thứ!

Have you ever noticed that between the deep space and the bottom of the ocean, there are strange similarities between the two places? Both are strange, cold, and dark places where humans can't exist without special help. The pressure there is enough to crush anyone. And that's why they both become the last boundary of exploration. Space has no gravity, the ocean creates amazing forces. And especially, both hide the mysteries that no one has ever solved. In the deepest part of the ocean, there are creatures that we have never seen, never imagined. And in space, who knows what is hiding in that endless darkness? NASA, the world's leading aerospace agency, is secretly heading to explore the deepest parts of the ocean. It's strange. Why is a space exploration organization heading to the bottom of the earth? What are they looking for? Is there something they can't say publicly? I'm Kitten, and you're watching Kitten Explorer. And today, we're going deep into a place where even the light can't reach, to find out what NASA is really looking for at the bottom of the ocean. If you like interesting discoveries about the mysteries of space and the earth, don't hesitate to subscribe to the channel to accompany Kitten on this mysterious journey. In 1957, a year before NASA was founded, an article in the Royal Society of Arts published in a magazine said something surprising. The deep ocean covers more than two-thirds of the world's surface, but people know more about the shape of the surface of the moon than what is known about the bottom of the ocean. That statement reflects a fact of the time. Before sound wave technology, sonar, was widely applied, the bottom of the ocean was almost a white area of ​​human knowledge. While astronomers began to photograph and study the surface of the moon from the ground and from the orbit, the vast majority of the deep ocean was still out of our reach. To this day, although humans have achieved great achievements in the field of space exploration, we have only established an area of ​​about 23.4% of the bottom of the ocean at altitude. Although that number is equivalent to about 120 million square kilometers, covering three times the surface area of ​​the moon, there is still more than 75% of the ocean that has not been carefully examined. So, the 1957 statement is still true. We know more about celestial bodies hundreds of thousands of kilometers away than about the ocean right under our feet. NASA was founded in 1958 with the main goal of studying atmospheric and outer space phenomena, while developing technologies to help humans better understand the universe. Initially, ocean exploration was not a priority for this agency. However, when it came to deeper space exploration, NASA began to pay special attention to the ocean. The reason is that the discoveries under the ocean can provide important clues for finding life on other celestial bodies, such as the Titan moon of Saturn or Europa of Jupiter, where it is believed that the oceans are submerged under the ice, capable of maintaining life. In fact, NASA's concern for the ocean is not something new. Since the 1960s, when humans were obsessed with space racing and dreaming of the moon, some scientists soon realized that the ocean can teach us valuable lessons about how to survive in harsh environments. Challenges such as working in an air-conditioned environment, enduring extreme pressure, living in absolute isolation, and operating with limited resource resources in space have shocking similarities with conditions in the deep sea. The connection between space and the ocean soon became clear when scientists realized the essential role of the ocean in global climate coordination. An important factor in understanding and predicting climate change is the great interest in space in the field of Earth Observation. In 1978, NASA launched the C-SAT satellite, the world's first specialized satellite for ocean research. C-SAT is equipped with sophisticated radar sensing devices that can collect data on the speed and wind direction of the ocean surface, the temperature of the ocean surface, the altitude and curvature of the ocean surface. These data not only help record the full picture of the ocean currents and the conditions of the ocean climate, but also support weather forecasting, ice tracking, and the study of the effects of the El Niño phenomenon. Let's go back to the 1960s, when NASA was busy with missions to take astronauts to the moon. Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy carried out its own ambitious project, the SEALAB project. This program aims to study how humans can live and work underwater for a long time. The idea is quite simple. If we can exist and thrive in the deep ocean, In 1965, the SEALAB site was deployed to a depth of 62 meters under the ocean. For weeks, aquanauts, people living and working underwater, have been living in a submerged environment, conducting experiments and testing new technologies. This is a breakthrough achievement, proving that humans can thrive in life under harsh conditions. However, not all missions are successful. In 1969, SEALAB ended in tragedy, when an accident killed a life of an aquanaut. After that, the program was suspended, but its lessons and heritage still leave a deep mark, continuing to affect the field of ocean exploration and space. Today, NASA still uses the ocean as an important test site for space missions. One of the most famous examples is Aquarius Reef Base, an underwater lab located at a depth of 19 meters, 62 feet, off the coast of Florida. Built in 1986, Aquarius, including three small rooms, is enough space for six people to live and work for many days. At first, it was designed to serve the Saturation Diving technology, a method that allows researchers to live and work underwater for a long time, without having to go through long-term decompression processes after each dive. In this depth, when the disintegration of human blood creates a state of eruption, it helps to maintain a stable pressure and avoid risks such as depression. However, in the early 2000s, NASA, together with the European Space Agency, ESA and other organizations, realized that Aquarius was an ideal platform to simulate living conditions in space. Special training missions called NIEMO, NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations, or NASA Extreme Environment Missions, were carried out annually since 2001. During that year, the first astronauts were sent to live and train at Aquarius Reef Base. To date, 23 NIEMO missions have been carried out, with the participation of astronauts from many international space agencies, such as ESA, JAXA and CSR. Each mission lasts from a few days to three weeks, where astronauts, or rather, aquanauts, have the opportunity to experience the harsh environment under water, to simulate the feeling of working in space. Here, they wear special clothes, perform similar exercises such as walking in space, outside the International Space Station, or one day, on the Moon and Mars. NIEMO not only helps astronauts train their tools, combine teamwork and hobbies with limited environments, but also serves as a testing ground for technologies, software, and robot control interfaces. But NASA's goals under the ocean are not limited to human training. Perhaps more importantly, the ocean on Earth is where the astronauts train their robots, the pioneering machines designed to one day explore the oceans off our planet. In the solar system, there are also places that hold giant oceans that we have never touched. One of them is Europa, the satellite of Jupiter, and Enceladus, the satellite of Saturn. Although both are covered by a thick layer of ice every kilometer, the cold layer below is the moving ocean, kept warm by the heat generated by the tidal force from the mother planet. Scientists estimate that only Europa has been able to store twice as much water as all the oceans on Earth combined. Although the sun's light cannot pass below it, the existence of heat and water makes this place one of the pioneers for the existence of life on Earth. To find out more, NASA planned to launch the Europa Clipper in 2024. Its mission is to fly through Europa many times, using radio waves and scientific sensors to study the thickness of the ice layer, the structure of the earth, and the surface chemical composition to build a comprehensive view of the ocean below. However, the Clipper is just the beginning. NASA's long-term goal is a mission to land in the future, where a cryobot, a robot capable of passing through the ice with nuclear energy, will infiltrate the thick layer of ice about 10 kilometers to reach the ocean below. Once it lands in that environment, where there is no radio signal, the robot will need to pull a data cable connected to the surface to maintain communication. This cryobot can then deploy a hydrobot, a swimming robot, to explore the dark, cold, extremely high pressure environment below the Europa ocean and find signs of life. This raises an interesting question. Before sending robots to remote places like Europa, how can we verify that they are well-equipped and smart enough to operate in such an environment? The answer lies right under the ocean floor. One of the most mysterious and mysterious places is the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific. This giant trench is more than 2,500 kilometers long, equivalent to 1,500 acres, and about 70 kilometers wide, almost 43 acres. To make it easier to imagine, it is about 120 times larger than the Grand Canyon, but the size is not what makes the Mariana Trench so special. Its depth is what is truly amazing. The lowest point of the trench is called Challenger Deep, which is about 11 kilometers, almost 7 acres, below the ocean surface. At this depth, the pressure exceeds 1,000 times the pressure of atmospheric pressure on the surface, equivalent to about 15,000 psi, which is enough to sink most objects. The deepest part of the ocean is mainly located near the cracks where the cremation sites sink to the other side. These deep crevices form special V-shaped structures, where organic matter from the surface gradually flows down to the bottom layer. When an animal dies down here, the animals in the deepest part of the ocean can quickly detect it and approach it in just a few minutes. Some other animals depend on the nutrients released from the hot streams below the ocean. If we include all these deep crevices, we will have an area with a similar area of Australia, an almost unexplored land. NASA wants to change that by using autonomous drones, even a single one, that can locate areas of interest, such as hot streams, and set up terrain maps with cameras and integrated artificial intelligence, similar to AI used in the Perseverance vehicle on Mars. This is a challenging task. These devices not only have to withstand extreme pressure, but also have to withstand temperatures that can reach hundreds of degrees Celsius around hot streams. They need to survive through extreme temperature changes to survive and function effectively. In 2014, the Nereus unmanned spacecraft was launched into the Kermadec Basin, off the coast of New Zealand, an area chosen by NASA as a test site. Despite its success in previous tests, Nereus was unable to withstand the pressure here and explode. The pieces of plastic were then found floating on the surface. Nereus' successor was Orpheus, a smaller and lighter submarine. Although it has not yet reached the ocean, Orpheus is being tested in warmer waters. If it works effectively, its lightweight design will help launch into space and explore the oceans of Europe, the moon of Mars, and become more feasible in the distant future. However, that dream may not be too far away. In 2023, NASA's PESTO, gathered 40 leading researchers at the California Institute of Technology to discuss the possibility of carrying out this mission. Many cutting-edge technologies are now available. They concluded that this mission is likely to be scientifically convincing and is the most reasonable way in the near future to directly find life on an oceanic world. With data from Europa Clipper and technical experiments from Orpheus and other self-propelled submarines, we may be able to witness that right in our generation, although no official plan has been announced. And when that moment comes, when an unmanned aircraft starts to swim in the deep oceans of the universe, what will it see? Perhaps, it will feel like it's coming home. Because we are living creatures based on water that were born from the ocean. The first complex creatures originate from the deep sea. All living things we know need water to exist. So, instead of dry rocks and barren land, exploring the ocean outside our space will be like stepping into a familiar place, even though we have never stepped there before. That faraway ocean may contain strange and bizarre things. But who knows, we will discover that life does not only exist once in our solar system, but it may have formed elsewhere in forms we have never imagined. Even in the darkest part of the Earth, where light cannot reach, at the bottom of the deep ocean, there is still life. Tiny, strange, curious creatures with tremendous pressure, and a limited energy source are proofs of the extraordinary potential of life. If life can be born in such harsh conditions on Earth, why can't it exist in the deep oceans of Europe, Mars, Enceladus, Saturn, or even in the faraway worlds? Proving the existence of life on Earth is still a big challenge. However, if we can confirm that life has appeared not only once, but many times in the universe, that will open up a new perspective, confirming that life can be much more abundant than we thought. This discovery will completely change our perception of the existence of living worlds, from there, setting the foundation for a revolution in the science and knowledge of mankind. Therefore, when technology continues to develop, and explorations under the ocean go further, the important thing is not only to discover life, but to better understand the nature of the universe and its infinite possibilities. Only when we dare to delve into the depths we have never seen, break our own limits, can we really find the answer to the biggest question of mankind. Does life exist somewhere on Earth? How long do you think it will take us to find this great truth? Are the faraway oceans out there hiding a lively world that we have never imagined? I'm Kitten. Thank you for accompanying Kitten Explorer. Please leave a like and subscribe to support us in our next explorations. Thank you for watching. Goodbye and see you in the next videos.