How Vietnam used 2 epic battles to finally CRUSH the Mongols-Yuan?

How Vietnam used 2 epic battles to finally CRUSH the Mongols-Yuan?
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How Vietnam used 2 epic battles to finally CRUSH the Mongols-Yuan? On the 12th day of the lunar month (January 17, 1258), Uriyangkhadai advanced to meet two vanguard forces at the Bạch Hạc intersection (present-day Phú Thọ), where the Mongol army assembled to move towards the Trần positions. The Trần forces had already set up their defenses on the opposite bank of the river, readying themselves for an attack.

How Vietnam used 2 epic battles to finally CRUSH the Mongols-Yuan? Planning a swift and decisive victory over the Trần forces, Uriyangkhadai divided his army into three units for a coordinated river crossing and assault. The first unit, led by General Cacakdu, took on the vanguard role with an agile cavalry force tasked with crossing downstream along the Phan River. Their goal was to circle behind the Đại Việt line and seize the boats to cut off any retreat. Uriyangkhadai instructed his commander: “…when you cross, don’t attack immediately. They will resist… capture their rear guard… Cacakdu, seize the boats. If they break and flee toward the river, without boats they’ll be ours.” This tactic aimed to trap and crush the Trần forces by pushing them toward the riverbank, leaving them surrounded. This unit was composed of about 5,000 troops.

How Vietnam used 2 epic battles to finally CRUSH the Mongols-Yuan? The second unit commanded by Uriyangkhadai himself, comprised around 30,000 soldiers. This force was to cross the river and launch a frontal assault on the Đại Việt line, with the Dali defectors placed at the front to bear the brunt of the casualties, while Mongol cavalry followed behind, ready to deliver a decisive strike. The third unit, also included over 5,000 troops, led by Mongol commander Quaidu was ordered to attack the rear of the Đại Việt forces, aiming to serve communication between the front and rear lines of the Trần army, preventing any mutual support.
The Mongol plan appeared carefully designed to annihilate Đại Việt’s main forces and either kill or capture King Trần in a single confrontation. However, despite the strategic planning, the actual events did not unfold as Uriyangkhadai had anticipated.
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