MFP 下士希特勒 - 一戰塹壕傳令兵

字幕由 Amara.org 社羣提供 You can play with the same account on both PC and mobile You get an exclusive gift Click on the link in the description to get 15,000 gold and one month of premium subscription for free Offer only available for 30 days, don't lose time A special game was created for the first viewers to click the link Details will be shared at the end of this video In May 1913, Adolf Hitler, a 24-year-old dreamer and failed artist had inherited the last of his father's estate This money the result of his father Aloysius' 30 years in the Austrian Customs Service Hitler used this small amount of money to fund a move from Vienna in Austria to Munich in Bavaria In Vienna, Hitler had lived in men's shelters for years and eked out a precarious living selling paintings and postcards and working as a day laborer He was underweight and rather sickly looking He had also managed to avoid national service in the Austro-Hungarian army However, on the 5th of August 1914 Hitler duly reported to a medical board in Salzburg and underwent an army medical examination Unsurprisingly, due to his years as a homeless vagrant in Vienna he was classified as unfit for military service and he returned to Munich In later years, Hitler explained that he was against serving in the multiracial army of Austria-Hungary But this may have been a statement made in retrospect However, when war broke out in August 1914 Hitler did not return to Austria to join up rather because he identified very strongly as a German he wanted to join the German army The problem was Hitler did not hold German citizenship He certainly sounded German having picked up a Bavarian accent when he and his family had lived at Passau on the border with Austria from one of his father's postings Swept up in the wave of German nationalism that accompanied the outbreak of war Hitler took the unusual step of writing to the king of Bavaria, Ludwig III asking for permission as an Austrian to serve in the Bavarian army This permission was granted apparently in error The Bavarians should have arrested Hitler and deported him to Austria for his military service In 1924 they admitted that a clerical error allowed Hitler to join the German army Hitler enlisted into the 1st Company the 1st Battalion of the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment known as the List Regiment after its commanding officer He completed a short basic military training course in Munich Hans Mend, a fellow recruit recalled how Hitler seemed enamoured of his new rifle He regarded it with the delight of a woman with her jewellery while I secretly laughed to myself wrote Mend Hitler was noted by another recruit, Ernst Schmidt to be a voracious eater evidently making up for the lean years when he was a vagrant in Vienna On the 8th of September 1914 the regiment's commanding officer Colonel Julius von List addressed the recruits giving them a rousing speech On the 8th of October Hitler and his fellow soldiers swore oaths of allegiance to Emperor Wilhelm II and King Ludwig III Following field training at Lechfeld on the Danube the List Regiment joined the new 3 Regiment 6th Bavarian Reserve Division On the 20th of October the regiment boarded a train for the Western Front Hitler was now to enter battle for the first time The regiment detrained at Lille Hitler's first experience of a non-German speaking country spending four days in the city Hitler saw the first effects of war for the city was badly damaged and could hear far-off artillery fire The regiment would be going into action against the British in a clash to be known to the British as the First Battle of Ypres and to the Germans as the Battle of Langemarck From Leidingen in Belgium the regiment marched to the front On the 29th of October 1914 the List Regiment was sent forward to relieve a unit of Württembergers and suffered extremely heavy losses particularly from artillery fire Hitler and 1st Company advanced and withdrew four times until finally capturing the village of Gheluvelt The fighting was, at times, hand-to-hand 1st Company, in a captured trench before Gheluvelt Castle fought elements of the Worcestershire Regiment and also a unit of the Black Watch an ancient Scottish regiment Hitler's company charged forward under artillery fire fighting the British troops in beet fields and meadows List Regiment casualties were crippling 3,600 men entered combat and in 20 days were reduced to only 611 fit men 1st Company began the fight with 250 men and was reduced to 42 including Hitler Hitler was appointed a regimental dispatch runner on the 9th of November 1914 after 11 days in action at the front He joined what was termed the Battle Ordnance He had somehow come through several attacks unscathed being deeply affected by the death and destruction all around him noting in his letters his pride in the List Regiment the attacks descriptions of comrades and officers killed or horribly maimed and British troops being shot down and the terrible artillery fire as his company cleared trenches At one point a bullet tore off one of Hitler's sleeves but he was untouched Hans Mend, Hitler's comrade later said of his friend with unbelievable toughness he endured the greatest strains and never showed any weakness The Battle Ordnance to which Hitler also belonged was far more exposed to enemy fire than the companies themselves for while the latter could always find cover in the trenches the Ordnance staff were constantly on the move with messages The regiment partially rebuilt with conscripts next broke through the British line north of Messines and turned the left flank of trenches held by the London Scottish and a series of seesaw battles developed But by now Hitler was acting as a regimental runner and was not involved in direct attacks on the enemy In late 1914 the new regimental commander Lieutenant Colonel Engelhardt placed Hitler's name on the list recommending him for the Iron Cross 2nd Class along with four other soldiers On 2nd December Hitler received the medal awarded for gallantry and excellent performance of his duties as a runner Of eight regimental runners including Hitler three were killed and one badly wounded from the Battle of Veitscheter In 1932 Colonel Engelhardt gave more details of the award of the Iron Cross 2nd Class to Hitler he made in 1914 Quote Once as I emerged from the wood at Veitscheter during a fierce attack in order to make some observations Hitler and an orderly from the regimental staff planted themselves bang in front of me to shield me with their own bodies from machine gun fire end of quote Hitler was also promoted to Gefreiter analogous today to a lance corporal in the British Army or a private first class in the US Army By early 1915 Stalemate had caused both sides to dig in and trench warfare with all its attendant horrors became the norm So let's clarify Hitler's duties at this point Hitler was described by a contemporary as a trench runner His job was to keep up communications between regimental headquarters and the companies deployed on the front line and his unit numbered eight to ten men The men would transit backwards and forwards between the relative safety of regimental headquarters behind the lines to the company command posts on the front line Such journeys exposed the men to artillery fire and sometimes enemy machine gun and rifle fire In March 1915 the List Regiment occupied positions to defend the town of Neuve Chapelle A vicious battle developed following a British offensive there The lines were confused during heavy fighting Hitler recalled taking orders and reports to and from the front by moving from shell hole to shell hole under fire demonstrating that the regimental runners duties were dangerous The regimental commanding officer commented that he could not understand how his runners kept getting through under such heavy fire Hitler and the other runners were under shell and sniper fire Hitler the soldier was portrayed by his comrades as a reserved and very prudish man but one full of strong opinions about the war and Germany He made clear that the army was his whole life His comrades noted that Hitler never received any parcels from home and he had no interest in home leave All of his contemporaries say that Hitler was completely dedicated to his duties and volunteered even for the toughest assignments Even Alexander Moritz Frey a medic who disliked Hitler and later became a science fiction writer and fled Germany after Hitler came to power nonetheless wrote of Hitler When people claimed that he had been a coward that's not true Frey nonetheless thought Gefreiter Hitler to be a backstabber and a selfish individual who impressed only the youngest most impressionable soldiers with his nationalistic rhetoric During a long period of trench warfare Hitler continued to operate as a runner Normally runners were dispatched in pairs in case anything happened to one of them They carried leather dispatch cases and were armed normally with holstered pistols leaving their rifles behind as they were heavy and an encumbrance were moving around quickly The sealed dispatches were marked with one two or three crosses indicating how urgently they must be delivered It was noted in records and memoirs that Hitler was sent out under machine gun and artillery fire on numerous occasions particularly during a British offensive in late September 1915 The List Regiment next transferred to the Somme The British offensive that opened on 1st July 1916 raged on inconclusively for three and a half months The List Regiment spent ten days in the front line near Bapon losing 120 men on average per day killed and wounded A British shell landed in the runner's dugout killing four of the runners and badly wounding seven others Hitler was struck in the face by a shell splinter though not badly injured On 12 October 1916 Hitler was wounded more seriously During heavy fighting Hitler had volunteered with one other man to get a message through A shell splinter buried itself in Hitler's left thigh He was later rescued by stretcher bearers from the battlefield He ended up in a military hospital for two months at Baylitz near Brandenburg After convalescence he was sent to the Regimental Depot in Munich Hitler wrote to Regimental Adjutant Captain Wiedemann asking to be allowed to return to the regiment at the front writing that he could not tolerate being in Munich when his friends were at the front Wiedemann arranged for Hitler to return to the regiment and to his old position of regimental runner arriving on 5 March 1917 The List Regiment next saw action on the Aisne River through the winter into 1918 before being withdrawn in January for rest Hitler was noted to have been very interested in the bigger strategic picture particularly the Russian Revolution that released hundreds of thousands of German troops from the Eastern Front for a last great offensive in the West planned for March 1918 In more horrendous trench warfare Hitler was noted as a food scavenger who would go out with comrades to slice meat off the carcasses of dead horses So hungry were German troops becoming in the last months of the war as the Allied naval blockade of Germany bit deeply One of Hitler's comrades Ignatz Westenkirchener noted of this period quote We were nothing but a handful of tramps mud from top to toe not a whole tunic amongst us We came out of the line over 1200 men fewer than when we went in unquote By late April 1918 the List Regiment was being subjected to terrific British artillery barrages which added to the hunger and mud When the regiment was eventually relieved on the 15th May 1918 it amounted in size to just a single company's worth of fit men Refitted and with fresh men the regiment advanced within 50 miles of Paris from the last great German offensive but took heavy casualties On the 26th May 1918 Hitler, while delivering a message encountered and captured single-handedly a group of eight French soldiers marching them a couple of miles at pistol point to the nearest German lines Soon afterwards Hitler was awarded the Iron Cross First Class an award rarely given to rank-and-file soldiers He was recommended for this prestigious award by Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann to whom Hitler and the other runners reported Gutmann, a Jewish officer who had been awarded the Iron Cross First Class himself in 1915 wrote in his citation of Hitler quote As a runner his coolness and dash in both trench and open warfare have been exemplary and invariably he has shown himself ready to volunteer for tasks in the most difficult situations and at great danger to himself Whenever communications have been totally disrupted at a critical moment in a battle it has been thanks to Hitler's unflagging and devoted efforts that important messages have continued to get through despite every difficulty Hitler received the Iron Cross Second Class for gallant conduct from the fighting at Weizsäte on the 1st of December 1914 He fully deserves to be awarded the Iron Cross First Class unquote Hitler was also awarded a Bavarian Medal for bravery the Cross of Military Merit 3rd Class with Swords The grade of his medal determined more by his military rank lance corporal than the act of gallantry itself Hitler was wounded again on the 15th of October 1918 at the end of World War I temporarily blinded along with several other comrades during a British mustard gas attack From a field hospital Hitler was evacuated to a base hospital at Pasewalk in Germany where on the 11th of November 1918 he learned that Germany had surrendered At Pasewalk he received the new German Wound Badge the only other military decoration that he would wear as leader of Germany in later years alongside his Iron Cross First Class The symbolism of the badge and the Iron Cross being obvious to the World War I veterans of the Nazi Party and the new army he created Hitler was also given a Service Medal for World War I the Bavarian Medal of Military Service 3rd Class with Swords Following his discharge from Pasewalk Hospital Hitler went to Munich arriving on the 21st of November 1918 He was placed in 7th Company 1st Replacement Battalion 2nd Infantry Regiment He was then used as a guard at a prisoner of war camp at Traunstein until January 1919 Returning to Munich he sat in barracks for two months awaiting a new posting while Munich dissolved into lawlessness as a revolution broke out in Bavaria He was twice elected by his battalion soldiers to represent them but he urged the troops to stay out of the conflict On 6th May 1919 the Bavarian Socialist Republic was destroyed by army troops sent from Berlin Hitler was a noted anti-communist and so was allowed to remain in the army after his battalion was disbanded His next job was at the Administrative Office of the 2nd Infantry Regiment in June 1919 Hitler was recruited as an undercover intelligence agent to spy on political activities in Munich and in this capacity Hitler would join an insignificant little political party that met in the back of beer halls the German Workers' Party Hitler started giving speeches and joined the party on 12th September 1919 That party would eventually become the National Socialist German Workers' Party or Nazi Party Hitler was discharged from the Reichswehr in 1920 ending his formal military career Supremacy 1914 is a free online PvP strategy game set during World War I You get an exclusive gift Click on the link in the description to get 15,000 gold and one month of premium subscription for free The game name is Mark Felton and the password is also Mark Felton Click on the link in the description choose your country and fight your way to victory Thanks for watching Please subscribe and share and also visit my audiobook channel War Stories with Mark Felton You can also help to support both of my channels at PayPal and Patreon Details in the description box below