Мини сериал за Исторически парк - Епизод 1 - Животът на хората през новокаменната епоха

We are now in front of the first epoch that we represent in the historical park. It is called Neolit or New Stone Age. In principle, this second name is easier to be remembered by people, as the period here was formed about 7,000 BC. Those houses you see behind me are about 9,000 years old. 9,000 years ago you can see how people made their houses. The houses you see behind me are made of large wooden slabs. Now we will enter one of them and you will see these slabs. The walls are always made of intertwined bricks, which are smeared with copper and iron, while the roof, as you can see from here, is made of a very thick layer of reed. What is characteristic of this period is that the people who lived in our lands gradually began to lead a special way of life, to build such houses and to form entire settlements. Then this kind of community was created. One settlement consisted of between 150 and 200 people. They gather in groups, later they develop different activities. For all these things, I recommend that we enter one of the houses and get to know them in more detail. The first house We are now in the first house that we present in the New Stone Age, as it is characteristic of it that it is, in this way, a single part of the house. That is, all the things you see located in it are one big room. Now we can see the way it was made, what I mentioned to you a little while ago, the walls, the roof, the floor, the way it looked, and all the other things that people used and needed at that time. A house can never pass without a stove, a stove or something for heating. Here you can see it right next to me. The stove, which was used for heating, cooking, also for baking dishes. On the right of it, these stones, which are on top of each other, these are the so-called chromelis. They were used for grinding grains and making flour, from which people at that time made their meals, bread and things that needed to be prepared as food. As the grain culture, which was most often processed in this period, was limac. Other things that are interesting in this house, we can see. Here are these niches and dug holes in the corner. These were refrigerators at that time, for this period. In such holes, when people dug them, they greased them from the sides with cow dung and inside they placed these grain cultures. I can also show you some of the cutlery used at that time. Here, what you see in my hands right now, is a bradva made of stone. The cutlery they made at that time was mostly made of cream, wood, bone, stone. At that time, people did not discover any metal and, accordingly, they used exactly such materials. The interesting thing here is that the time it took to make a similar cutlery, it took several cases and several months, because everything they did at that time was laborious. We can now go to the second house, where we will have the opportunity to get to know more about how people made these cutlery, why they did all this. We are now in the second house, where we can see some basic differences. It and the previous one, which we saw a while ago, are about 500-1000 years old. For such a long period of time, we can see things that improve people, so follow me. Here, the main thing in this house, what we can see, is that people for this long period began to separate different rooms in the whole house. You can see, here on this side, people arrange the fireplace in this way, close to the window, so that the smoke that comes from it can pass through the windows. On the left and right, again, you can see the places where grain cultures were stored, and the mills with which this grain was milled. Here next to me, you can see, this is the most visited room in the whole house. Here, people spent most of their time, this is conditional, because it should be known that people did not use their home as a home. They did not have time to spend time here and what people did was, when it got dark, everyone got up, went to bed, and when it got dark, everyone went to work. On the mask, you can see different, so to speak, vessels that people made out of clay. Interestingly, at the beginning of this period, each family made their own vessels and different things they needed. But later, separate groups of people started to develop this thing as a craft. At that time, millers appeared, people who made different vessels, and here you can see exactly such a workshop that we have recreated, which is very interesting, and you can see how we tried to recreate the shape of the people back then, and this is a person, right then, from the New Stone Age, who made vessels that were necessary for him. Here, to me, you can see exactly such things. Here, this is a huge stone mill, there are various other instruments, vessels that people used for work. It is very interesting that the making of such a mill, for example, took, let's say, about three months. Imagine, people then spent three months of their lives to make such a mill, because the mill was exactly this hole that you see here, in the middle of the hill, for it to be drilled. Can you imagine how much work people did back then, and for the rest of their lives? On the sides, here we can see a fence that was used for the animals that they looked after. The animals that were looked after by the people were mostly sheep and goats. Here, interestingly, it happened that in a large part of the houses the animals lived next to the people. This allowed the people to warm up in this way and be a natural barrier against the cold. Here, for example, I can share something interesting related to the tourists who visit us. People often ask me if they smelled like animals. I'm not sure if people smelled more than animals, but if you are sure, then the baths were not a priority. The priority of the people was to ensure the food, to survive, and thus to make the largest part of their lives. Here we should not take them as people who did not have and did not invest thought in the things they did. On the contrary, people were very smart, resourceful, and dealt with different problems. We can see this in the next era, when we will see many similarities in the houses and in the way of life.