Greatest people in history | Louis Pasteur Biography | Read and Listen
Hello everyone. Today, it is a special lecture. You're going to learn about one of the greatest
people who marked the history of human being in general, and the history of medicine in particular.
It's Louis Pasteur. Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned
for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and
He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and prevention of diseases,
and his discoveries have saved many lives ever since. He reduced mortality from puerperal fever
and created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. Pasteur was born in a small town in
France in 1822. When he was a young man, Pasteur studied science at one of Paris universities.
His medical discoveries provided direct support for the germ theory of disease and its application
in clinical medicine. He is best known to the general public for his invention of the technique
of treating milk and wine to stop bacterial contamination, a process now called pasteurization.
He is regarded as one of the three main founders of bacteriology, together with Ferdinand Cohn and
Robert Koch, and is popularly known as the father of microbiology. Pasteur was responsible for
disproving the doctrine of spontaneous generation. He performed experiments that showed that without
contamination, microorganisms could not develop. Under the auspices of the French Academy of
Sciences, he demonstrated that in sterilized and sealed flasks, nothing ever developed, and
conversely, in sterilized but open flasks, microorganisms could grow. Although Pasteur was
not the first to propose the germ theory, his experiments indicated its correctness and convinced
most of Europe that it was true. Today, he is often regarded as one of the fathers of germ theory.
Pasteur made very important discoveries in chemistry, most notably on the molecular basis
for the asymmetry of certain crystals and racemization. Early in his career, his investigation
of tartaric acid resulted in the first resolution of what is now called optical isomers. His work
led the way to the current understanding of a fundamental principle in the structure of organic
compounds. He was the director of the Pasteur Institute, established in 1887, until his death
and his body was interred in a vault beneath the institute. Although Pasteur made groundbreaking
experiments, his reputation became associated with various controversies. Historical reassessment of
his notebook revealed that he practiced deception to overcome his rivals. Pasteur died in 1895.
He was greatly admired around the world for his achievements, which have helped all of humankind.
Today, Pasteur is considered to be the greatest figure in the history of medicine.
This lecture is over. I hope you have learned some new ideas about the life of Louis Pasteur
in addition to his remarkable achievements in the field of medicine. Have a nice day. Goodbye.
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