Jerusalem is unique — there is no other place like it. It's full of tradition and history and has the world's greatest concentration of religious sites right in the heart of the city.
Surrounded by walls, this history-packed square kilometre is home to holy sites for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. It's the most sacred city in the world and is truly breathtaking. The Western Wall in the heart of the Jewish Quarter is the holiest site in Judaism. The Via Dolorosa, which marks Jesus' pathway to the cross, and nowadays the Church of the Sepulchre, is the traditional site where Jesus died, was buried and resurrected. It's the holiest site in Christianity. Then, the Dome of the Rock and the Al Aksa Mosque is said to be where Muhammad rose into the heavens and makes Jerusalem the third holiest place for Muslims.
The city's walls are 12 meters high and two and a half meters wide, stretching 4 km around the city. The walls contain 34 watchtowers and 7 main gates. But the walls haven't always been able to protect the city. During its long history, Jerusalem has been attacked 52 times, captured and recaptured 44 times, besieged 23 times, and destroyed twice. Rome's destruction of Jerusalem and its temple is one of the darkest chapters in history. It is a testament to the cruelty and efficiency of the Roman military machine and a story of lost opportunities and forgotten warnings. You see, the Bible predicted the catastrophic levelling of the city. In fact, just before his death, Jesus made seven specific and chilling predictions about the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple. Those predictions carry a special and relevant message for us today. Join Gary in Jerusalem as he relives the city's destruction and investigates the sobering message it holds for us today.
Jerusalem is totally unique.
There is no other place like it in all the world.
It's one of the oldest cities in the world
and is full of tradition, religion, and history.
The world's greatest concentration of religious sites
is found right here in the heart of Jerusalem.
Surrounded by walls, this history-packed square kilometre
is home to holy sites for Jews, Christians, and Muslims.
It's the most sacred city in the world
and is truly breathtaking.
The western wall in the heart of the Jewish Quarter
is the holiest site in Judaism.
The Via Dolorosa that marks Jesus' pathway to the cross
and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre
is the traditional site where Jesus died,
was buried, and resurrected.
It's the holiest site in Christianity.
Then the Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque
is said to be where Muhammad rose into the heavens
and makes Jerusalem the third holiest place for Muslims.
All this and much, much more
is packed into just one square kilometre.
And this most precious, most sacred,
and most disputed square kilometre in the world
is surrounded and protected by walls.
The walls remind us that the city of Jerusalem
has been surrounded by walls for its defence
since ancient times.
But the walls haven't always been able to protect the city.
During its long history,
Jerusalem has been attacked 52 times,
captured and recaptured 44 times,
besieged 23 times, and destroyed twice.
The first time Jerusalem was destroyed
was by a great warrior king, Nebuchadnezzar,
and his Babylonian army in 586 BC,
just over 2,600 years ago.
The Babylonians besieged and destroyed the city,
plundered the temple,
and carried off many of its sacred golden vessels.
The second and last time Jerusalem was destroyed
was in 70 AD, when the Roman general Titus
besieged and attacked the city with four legions.
The Romans totally destroyed the city and the Jewish temple.
It was one of the most brutal, catastrophic,
and devastating attacks in history.
Over a million people perished.
Rome's destruction of Jerusalem and its temple
is one of the darkest chapters in history.
Not only is it a testament of the cruelty and efficiency
of the Roman military machine,
but also a story of lost opportunities
and forgotten warnings.
You see, the Bible clearly predicted
the catastrophic levelling of the city.
In fact, just before his death,
Jesus made seven specific and chilling predictions
about the destruction of both Jerusalem and its temple.
And those predictions carry a special
and relevant message for us today.
Join me here in Jerusalem as we relive the city's destruction
and investigate the sobering message it carries for us today.
The spectacular gold-capped Dome of the Rock
dominates the skyline of old Jerusalem today.
It sits proudly on what Muslims call Haram al-Sharif,
the noble sanctuary, or what Jews call Temple Mount.
They believe that this was the location
of the sacred Jewish temple.
It was here on this hilltop that Solomon
built the first temple in the middle of the 10th century BC.
And for almost 400 years,
it was the central Jewish place of worship.
Then in 586 BC, the Babylonians destroyed Jerusalem
and the temple and took the Jews captive to Babylon.
About half a century later, Cyrus the Great,
king of the Medes and Persians,
defeated the Babylonian army and decreed
that the Jews could return to Jerusalem
and rebuild their temple.
At the urging of the Jewish prophets Haggai and Zechariah,
Zerubbabel began construction of the second temple
in 521 BC and completed it around 515 BC.
Then it was subsequently enlarged by the Hasmonean dynasty
and then was completely renovated and enlarged further
by Herod the Great, beginning in 20 BC.
Herod the Great was the greatest builder
of the ancient world and possibly of all time.
He built new cities, palaces, fortresses,
monuments, harbours and aqueducts.
But the Jewish temple was the pinnacle
of his building endeavours.
No expense was spared.
It was one of the greatest buildings
found anywhere in the Roman Empire.
In fact, Josephus, an ancient Jewish historian
who saw the building, said that it was covered
on all sides with massive plates of gold.
The temple was one of the architectural wonders
of the ancient world and truly was a marvel to behold.
It was the centre of Israel's national and religious life.
The Jewish people believed that their magnificent temple
was permanent and would last until the end of time,
not only because of its excellent construction,
but also because it was the very sanctuary of God
and represented his presence among them
and so was virtually indestructible.
Jesus was familiar with the temple and visited there often.
In fact, his life from beginning to end
was associated with the temple.
As an infant, his parents took him to the temple
to dedicate him and present him to the Lord.
12 years later, when Mary and Joseph
were visiting Jerusalem to celebrate Passover,
they found him in the temple, sitting with the teachers,
listening to them and asking them questions.
During his ministry, Jesus was frequently
in the temple courts and in the temple.
He healed sick people there and spent a lot of time
teaching in the temple.
Jesus reverenced and respected the temple
and protected its sanctity.
He drove out the merchants and money changers
who had turned it into a marketplace.
But Jesus knew that the temple's days were numbered.
With prophetic insight, he looked into the future
and saw that Jerusalem and its magnificent temple
were soon to be destroyed.
And he wanted his disciples and followers to be prepared.
So soon after his last visit to the temple,
he shared with his followers what was going to happen
in the future and specifically,
what was going to happen to the temple.
In fact, Jesus gave seven chilling predictions
about the future of Jerusalem and the temple.
It all started a few days earlier
when he arrived in Jerusalem.
When Jesus came over the crest of the Mount of Olives
and looked over the city, he wept over it.
He looked into the future
and down through the pages of history
and saw the horror and destruction
that was going to befall the city,
its temple and its inhabitants in less than 40 years' time.
Jesus' heart was weighed down
with the fate of his beloved people.
He was concerned about the utter devastation
of the city he loved and the people he called his own.
It broke his heart and he cried out,
if you, even you, had only known on this day
what would bring you peace,
but now it is hidden from your eyes,
the days will come upon you
when your enemies will build an embankment around you
and encircle you and hem you in on every side.
They will dash you to the ground,
you and your children, within your walls.
They will not leave one stone on another
because you did not recognise
the time of God's coming to you.
So there we have the first of Jesus' predictions
regarding Jerusalem.
Enemies will, one, build an embankment, a wall around you.
Two, surround the city and hem you in,
lay siege to the city.
Three, destroy the city.
Not one stone will be left on another.
The city will be levelled.
Now, that's a devastating list of predictions
about any city, but it was unbelievable
that it could possibly happen to Jerusalem.
Yet, there was even worse to come.
When Jesus was leaving the temple for the last time,
the disciples proudly pointed out
the magnificent stones and buildings
and exclaimed, look, teacher, what massive stones,
what magnificent buildings.
Well, Jesus' response could not have been more shocking.
Do you see all these great buildings?
Not one stone here will be left on another.
Every one will be thrown down.
No doubt, the disciples' hearts skipped a beat
and their breath was taken away by these words of Jesus.
But there's his next prediction, prediction number four.
The temple will be destroyed.
Not one stone will be left standing on another.
These predictions are going from bad to worse.
And yet, there's still more to come.
Jesus wasn't finished yet.
He went on to say, they will fall by the sword
and will be taken as prisoners to all the nations.
Jerusalem will be trampled on by the Gentiles
until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.
So, here's the next lot of predictions.
Number five, the inhabitants of Jerusalem will be killed.
Number six, the Jews will be scattered among the nations.
And finally, number seven, Gentiles will inhabit Jerusalem.
It certainly was a chilling list of predictions.
They were just too terrible to contemplate.
Could they ever really happen?
Well, here's the record of history.
Here's what happened.
The Romans had been occupying Judea since 63 BC.
Tensions between the Romans and the Jews had been growing
and came to a head when Emperor Nero's appointed governor,
Florus, plundered the Jewish temple
of its treasury in 66 AD.
After Florus plundered the temple,
Jewish forces defeated the Roman garrison
stationed in Jerusalem and then defeated a larger force
sent in from Syria.
Well, this infuriated the Romans
and Nero asked his decorated general Vespasian
and his son Titus to subdue the Jews
and bring law and order to the country.
Under the leadership of Vespasian
and with an 80,000 strong army,
the Romans quickly conquered Galilee
and then set their sights on the stronghold of Jerusalem.
By 70 AD, Vespasian had returned to Rome to become emperor,
leaving his son Titus to lead the army against Jerusalem.
With four legions under his command,
Titus quickly took control.
He posted his 10th legion right here on the Mount of Olives
directly east of and overlooking the Temple Mount.
The 12th and 15th legions were stationed on Mount Scopus
further to the east and commanding all ways
to Jerusalem from east and north.
The 5th legion was held in reserve.
Now, Titus was a master military tactician
and had developed good methods of breaking into walled cities
and conquering his enemies.
So rather than launching a full frontal attack straight off,
he decided to first implement a vigorous siege
against Jerusalem and its citizens.
First, they built a seven kilometre siege wall
or embankment right around the city.
It prevented anyone from entering or leaving.
No food and water supplies were allowed into the city.
Jerusalem was sealed off.
There was no escape.
Then, Titus ensured that the city was completely surrounded
and encircled by his soldiers and auxiliaries.
With his four legions strategically placed,
all roads and thoroughfares into Jerusalem
were secured and blocked by well-guarded checkpoints.
Jerusalem's inhabitants were hemmed in on every side.
Soon, the city was gripped in an ever-tightening death siege
but there was worse to come.
With the city secured and completely sealed off,
the deadly heavy artillery and weaponry
were assembled and rolled into place.
The plan was to strike terror into the defenders
and to bully, intimidate, batter and starve the inhabitants
into submission and surrender.
The siege, along with the display of brute force,
had the desired effect on Jerusalem's inhabitants,
locked up inside the city walls.
Mayhem and chaos broke loose
as starvation threatened the trapped inhabitants.
Soon, the situation inside the city became desperate.
Hunger became so intense that the citizens
became insane with starvation,
resorting to murdering one another over food.
The scene was one of utter destruction.
Thousands died of starvation and accompanying illness.
It was one of the starkest examples
of human suffering during wartime in history.
With the defenders and inhabitants of Jerusalem
weakened and starving,
Titus unleashed his vast and deadly array
of Roman weaponry and firepower on the city.
The huge wooden catapults bombarded the city with rocks,
smashing everything they hit
and causing panic among the people.
The siege towers were rolled up to the city walls.
They were filled with soldiers
and the towers were tall enough to allow archers
to shoot arrows directly into the city itself.
They also had different levels with platforms
that allowed soldiers to climb onto the walls
and access the city.
Along with the siege towers,
the Romans dragged their great battering rams into place.
They were used to pound and destroy
the city walls and gates,
causing them to crumble and collapse.
When the walls were finally breached,
it opened the way for the soldiers to advance.
First using their ladders and then on foot,
they clambered through the openings
and poured into the city.
Soon mounted troops and their accompanying foot soldiers
stormed through the streets and alleyways.
They attacked, pillaged and killed without mercy.
No one was spared.
Men, women and children were put to the sword.
Those trying to flee were brutally cut down.
It was absolute carnage.
The historian Josephus, who was an eyewitness to the event,
claims that over a million people were killed in the attack.
No buildings were spared either.
When Titus gave the soldiers their final instructions,
he specified that the temple was not to be harmed.
He gave strict instructions
that it was not to be burnt or destroyed.
The building was just too valuable
to be carelessly torched in a skirmish.
Besides, he had his eye on the temple treasure.
He'd heard all about the gold in and on the building
and the valuable temple furnishings
and he wanted them.
But many Jews and zealots had taken refuge in the temple
and as the soldiers tried to enter,
they were ambushed and one of them seriously wounded.
The soldiers retaliated and soon fierce hand-to-hand combat
had broken out from the temple steps.
In the chaos of the assault,
a soldier threw a single lighted torch into the temple
and immediately the cedar-lined beams
around the holy place went up in flames.
Infuriated with the resistance and guerrilla warfare
of the Jewish zealots,
the Roman soldiers began to hurl more firebrands
into the temple.
They also attacked and slaughtered as many zealots,
Jews and priests as they could
when they tried to escape the burning temple.
Horrified, Titus rushed forward
to try to contain the situation.
But it was too late.
He managed to salvage the golden menorah
and some of the other temple furniture and treasure
to take back to Rome.
But nothing could be done to save the temple.
It went up in flames.
The intense flames of the temple fire
melted the gold and silver
and it ran down between the rocks
and into the cracks and crevices of the stones.
Titus wanted that gold and silver
and so he ordered his soldiers to totally dismantle
what was left of the temple stone by stone
to extract the gold and silver.
And so quite literally,
not one stone was left standing upon another.
The temple itself was totally destroyed
along with the rest of the city.
When you visit Temple Mount today,
there's a Herodian street
with shops along the side of it dating from 70 AD
that's been unearthed by archaeologists
along the southern end of the Western Wall.
The street itself is buckled
from the weight of the piles of huge stones
which still lie where they fell
when the Roman soldiers threw them down
from Temple Mount in 70 AD.
The fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD
was a defining moment for the Jewish nation.
Over one million Jews were killed
and nearly 100,000 were taken captive
and sold into slavery.
Jerusalem and its temple were burned to the ground
and razed to their foundations.
With no capital city, no national leadership,
and no religious centre,
huge numbers of Jews left Judea
to make a home elsewhere.
This diaspora or dispersion
out of their ancestral homeland
saw Jews scattered to the four corners of the world.
They were stateless and forced to live in other countries.
And this was exacerbated even further
following the defeat of the Jewish zealot
Bar Kochba's rebellion by Emperor Hadrian
65 years later in 135 AD
when Jews were forbidden to even enter Jerusalem.
And so, as a result,
Jerusalem was occupied by non-Jews,
Gentiles, for centuries.
Now, as we relive the horrifying historical events
associated with the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD,
we notice that they perfectly match
the chilling predictions that Jesus made.
Jesus' seven predictions came true
even to the smallest detail.
Now, there was one group of Jews
who escaped the terror and trauma of the Roman siege.
You see, Jesus gave both predictions and warnings.
He said, so when you see the abomination of desolation
spoken of by the prophet Daniel standing in the holy place,
let the reader understand.
Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.
Now, this refers to the Roman standards
bearing the insignia of both the empire
and the imperial cult, a false system of religion
being planted in the area
the Jews considered to be holy ground.
This referred in particular to the sacred temple,
but also covered Jerusalem
and extended several metres beyond the city walls.
Jesus warned his followers that when they saw this happen,
they were to prepare to leave the city
because its destruction would be imminent,
and the Jewish Christians took Jesus' words very seriously.
As the storm clouds gathered
and when the Roman armies besieged Jerusalem in 67 AD
before Titus arrived, the followers of Jesus were ready.
Jesus' warning indicated that when the time came to leave,
they should do so without delay,
and that's exactly what they did.
During a temporary respite,
when the Romans unexpectedly raised their siege of Jerusalem
all the Christians fled,
and it is said that none of them lost their lives.
They listened to Jesus, they took his word seriously,
and they survived.
Now, there's a powerful message there for us today,
living in the 21st century,
because just as surely and as accurately
as Jesus predicted the fall of Jerusalem,
he also foretold his second coming
and what will take place just before he returns
so that his followers can prepare and be ready.
Do you remember the disciples' question
when Jesus told them that the Jerusalem temple
would be destroyed?
The very thought of the destruction of Jerusalem
and the temple was so shocking and distressing
to the disciples that they automatically assumed
that these events must be connected to the end of the world,
and so as soon as they could,
they asked Jesus for clarification.
When will this happen?
What will be the sign of your coming
and of the end of the world?
Just as Jesus provided seven predictions
about the fall of Jerusalem,
so he also provided seven predictions
about his coming and the end of the world.
The first is the microcosm of the second.
The destruction of Jerusalem
doubled as a prophetic description
of the state of the world
immediately prior to Jesus' second coming.
Jesus gave seven signs about the world we live in today.
They're outlined in Matthew chapter 24,
Mark chapter 13, and Luke chapter 21.
Here they are.
Number one, false Christs and false prophets.
Jesus said that there would be deception and confusion
in the religious world.
Two, wars and rumours of wars.
Jesus said that there would be an increase
in military activity and tensions
and conflict between nations.
Three, earthquakes, famines, and pestilences.
Jesus said there will be an increase
in the frequency and intensity
of natural disasters and pestilences,
which is another word for pandemics, plagues, and disease.
Four, persecution.
Jesus said his followers would be victimised,
discriminated against, and mistreated.
Five, apostasy.
Jesus said many would defect and turn away
from following him and abandon their faith.
Six, world evangelism.
Jesus said the good news,
the gospel, will go to all the world.
And finally, number seven, the abomination of desolation.
Jesus said a Roman-based power will become prominent
and promote and impose false religion,
and in particular, a false gospel.
So there they are, seven signs,
seven things that are going to happen
that will tell us that Jesus is coming soon.
When we look at the world we live in today,
one thing is clear.
The signs that Jesus laid out for us,
signalling the nearness of his coming,
are being fulfilled before our eyes.
We live in exciting times.
The spiralling chaos we see around us
points forward to the most glorious event
the world has ever seen.
Jesus is coming soon.
The question is, are we ready to meet him?
If you would like to know more
about the second coming of Jesus
and how you can make sure you're ready to meet him,
then I'd like to recommend the free gift we have
for all our Incredible Journey viewers today.
It's the booklet, Signs of His Return.
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Dear Heavenly Father, we thank you for providing us
with information and evidence that Jesus is coming soon.
We want to take this information seriously
and ensure that we are ready to meet Jesus when he comes.
Please bless us and our families
and grant us all a place in your kingdom,
we pray in Jesus' name, amen.