【精彩】袁爸爸 袁弓夷： #Lucy連線

In this situation, the construction industry in China is basically almost finished So a large number of male workers can't go back At the same time, there are many problems There are many problems China is still a world factory Now China has several problems The problem of unemployment for migrant workers It's not that a large number of migrant workers are not needed The main situation is that the population of China is declining The population of migrant workers is aging very badly Think about the earliest ones in the 80s and 90s At most in the 90s Now the Chinese migrant workers are over 50 years old It's already about 1 in 3 In addition, in migrant workers The average age was 35 years ago When I was investigating I went to work as a migrant worker for 3 consecutive years in 2004, 2005, and 2006 At that time, migrant workers in city factories were on average 20 years old They were hired from 14 years old to 24 years old When they are old, they will go back to get married The male workers are a little older, about 30 years old But at that time, the population of China was flourishing Migrant workers were on average very young So they worked very fast At that time, I went to a light industrial factory They said that people over 24 years old would not be hired They said that people over 24 years old would go home to get married In addition, those who are really capable at the age of 24 There will be better jobs, more stable jobs in the city In short, the factory workers are very young Now the average age of migrant workers in China is over 40 years old People over 40 years old have the ability to work on the production line It is obviously declining, this is known Within 10 years, there are 80 million migrant workers in China Their age will exceed 60 years old Now the problem is like this Why are migrant workers workers? Why are migrant workers called migrant workers? This is a characteristic of China They are rural households Rural households are second-class citizens Rural means no household? No, rural means there is a household, what do you mean there is no household? There is a household, when you come into the city, it is called a temporary household You put it in your household, it is clearly written as a migrant worker's household It means you have no long-term residence rights No long-term residence rights It means you don't enjoy the work protection of the city people And unemployment protection, all kinds of protection And benefits, right? Are there benefits in rural areas? Yes, there are some benefits, but relatively few When you enter the factory to work This has something to do with me When we were in China in 2004, 2005 To promote the equal rights of migrant workers At that time, I was the representative of the U.S. migrant workers I often said that the U.S. migrant workers are hypocrites Hypocrites We promoted the law of unification In 2007, China adopted the Labor Unification Act But the Chinese law still needs to be changed At the same time, we promoted At that time, with the U.S. and some units The Guangzhou General Assembly in China participated hard Because there were many migrant workers Many in the North were not Sorry, I ate a lot last night Promoting the insurance of migrant workers Later, China also passed the law Because it was really impossible to not do it But now, the population of China The demand for cities has declined, exports have declined The demand for migrant workers in China The demand for manpower has also declined significantly Many people, the problem is The farmland in China's rural areas Continuously declining, the city has taken over a lot of the farmland There is no farmland to farm Not that there is no farmland, but they don't know how to farm They came out when they were very young And now the third generation of migrant workers The so-called third generation of migrant workers Basically, they are from the city They don't have a household Everything is out of the question So this is a big problem If they go back to the city to work Staying in the countryside, this is very miserable The houses in the countryside are also very poor In some places, especially in the northwest The conditions are very poor In Yunnan, the north is a bit better But Guizhou is also very poor Some places Guangdong is a bit better It should be a lot better, not a little better No problem in Guangdong But in the northeast, what is it called? Is it called a pit or what? What is it called when you sit on top and burn fire underneath? It's called a pit in Cantonese It's called a pit in Mandarin Those are very comfortable How do you translate that word in Cantonese? There is no such thing It's like burning fire under a brick bed It's called a pit In Cantonese, it's mostly read as a pit There is no such word The word pit is similar to the word pit It's a pit on the side of the fire People usually sleep on top They sleep on top at night They burn fire underneath Then the firewood is placed on the outside wall Let me tell you It must be more comfortable than winter in Guangdong if there is no warm air Winter in Guangdong? It's even colder indoors than outdoors Yes, at that time, Changgong and Yunnan didn't seem to have warm air It was so cold in Hunan It was so cold in Guangzhou It was warm in the Northeast So it's a tradition It's not a problem When I went back to Guangzhou I lived in the Haizhu Square Was it a Chinese-style building or what? The water was frozen to the point of flying It's almost like walking on ice I had pneumonia for a week It's even colder indoors than outdoors There's no way, there's no way It's not warm at all It's not warm indoors Talking about China's migrant workers All these problems You said you made this topic What do you mean? Why? Are they going to rebel? Rebels? Are they going to rob? Don't be so high-class if they are not going to rebel Yesterday you used the word robbing The word robbing They have been robbing for many years People in Guangzhou Now the audience in Guangzhou Everyone knows It's called the Northeast Tiger Mountain The Northeast is robbing in Guangzhou for a long time The Chinese-style factories were closed It was a disaster in the 90s People in the Northeast went to the South Now it's getting better But think about it When China was transformed All were transformed Look at Bo Xilai going to Chongqing When Bo Xilai went to Chongqing He sang and danced When he sang I heard his classmates say He said he didn't want to sing When he went there Others sang He liked to sing He sang along So he sang He explained to his classmates So The robbing The secretary of Chongqing The provincial secretary He found that he couldn't control anything He was controlled by the black community So he took Wang Lijun To suppress the black community The black community in China is very powerful Yes The black community is on the same line as the police All of them are a group of people The police and the police cooperate So at that time Wang Lijun He was a gangster He knew how to do it He was a gangster in Dalian He suppressed all the people He suppressed Liu Han He was very powerful So he sang and danced That's how Bo Xilai Became a star So you say China Now the problem Now the migrant workers are unemployed This is related to the elderly migrant workers Yes I don't know Now the structure of China I don't know how to compare with the past Sometimes compare In the past What was China's practice in the past? There was a royal dynasty When all the royal dynasties were founded There was an expression called Ten corpses, nine empty It was really a war People died miserably There was an effect after the war The land was barren People died Think about it Even in the Ming Dynasty Li Zhicheng, Zhang Yanzhong They killed people like this Ten corpses, nine empty Later, the Qing army came down Yangzhou, Taocheng Those were really miserable You can see it from the Han Dynasty Han Dynasty Let's talk about Chinese history Anyway, there is no news today Let's talk about history Han Dynasty After Liu Bang came to power The first thing He divided the land with the farmers When the land was divided At the time of the Civil War China was very rich Later, all the dynasties The Tang Dynasty The newly formed royal dynasties had land to divide The land was very important to the Chinese After dividing the land The royal dynasties began to flourish It flourished all the way The Han Dynasty was well-known The Tang Dynasty was well-known The Qing Dynasty was prosperous You can count them one by one It's the same They received taxes It's not taxes It was used little At the beginning The founding emperors were very stingy Yes The founding emperors couldn't build the Shuiyang It wasn't the founding emperors The second generation was so stingy But the Shuiyang was immediately followed by the Tang Dynasty In short, look back at the history of China At the beginning of the dynasty Everyone is more Relatively Then the people The farmers settled down Then the royal dynasty began to have money Then the war began The poor began to fight The taxes began to be collected As soon as the taxes were collected The farmers began to collect taxes from below The farmers were poor What to do if the farmers are poor? Everyone eats that piece of land As soon as the farmers collect taxes When the country pays more taxes What's the problem? The land There was really no way At that time What happened to the natural disaster? What happened? The land began to be sold Land annexation In the middle of the Chinese dynasty The biggest symbol of the decline of the royal dynasty Land annexation Land owners have a lot of land Farmers all At that time The rebellion began At that time, think about it Land annexation Young people Young people feel hopeless So you see the rebellion in the past A lot of people Land acquisition Collecting Clever people People who have read books feel hopeless Then the farmers The whole family felt hopeless Let's rebel together Collecting and rebelling Collecting and bringing farmers to rebel Everyone sees the flood Yes The flood knows what's going on But the problem with China now is this China Has never been in China's history In the period of peace Population Human population is declining This has never been in history In the past, during the period of peace, no war Everyone died and gave birth Yes It becomes a lot of young people What was the chance of young people at that time? Now it's the other way around Not giving birth At that time, the population will become golden tower Golden tower Generally speaking People rebelled Young people rebelled Now, young people still have work to do Farmers Older people Up to 50 years old A large group Think about 80 million people Nothing to do Young people can't get a wife Older people Really helpless In the future, what kind of problem will this structure cause? I really don't know Take history You know there is a problem But what is the problem? What is the effect? I don't know And there is a global problem It was not thrown away before It's China You don't know now Deng Xiaoping said it at that time Deng Xiaoping said to whom? I forgot who he said He said China has 300 million refugees Can you stand it? Did he say that to Carter? No, it was Carter Not Carter Carter said I will give you 100 million So I don't know Now seeing this situation Modern situation I really don't know But the problem in the countryside is really big Poverty Sometimes I drive to see the countryside Especially in the north Poverty Almost the same The houses are still made of mud The houses made of mud are not a big problem I have lived I have built The mud house is very comfortable Mud houses are hit in the middle of the game Because your mud house If you look at the countryside If it is burning bricks You need a lot of energy You use mud When the mud is dry Mud and grass are together The palaces used to be like this The palace is in the mud Added glutinous rice Glutinous rice is very solid Ordinary farmers' houses We used to be in the middle Mud plus grass The grass is dry Not so bad Japan is the same In Japan The houses in the old days There is grass in the mud The grass is almost the same Yes Not so bad It's not that the houses are bad But people's income is poor Poverty is the second There is no hope Now the Chinese Statistics Bureau The young generation Many migrant workers We can't change our migrant worker identity Live to study One or two Deadly Working Now there are few migrant workers Children have city accounts after school But now Students have no job after college Can't find a job So this is a problem in history A problem that has never happened Don't know what to do Yesterday Cheng Xiaonong He went to Shanghai University To recruit students Some are red lights Some are yellow lights That is to say, I don't accept anyone There is no such job Especially studying science You can't find a job in science I don't know why The first thing I know is why Chinese universities Chinese universities are so busy I have seen so many new universities I haven't seen the numbers I don't know how many new universities have increased in China More than 10 million a year More than 10 million Yes, what is the proportion increase? More than 10 million in such a big country like China It's not a big deal The United States now Actually has similar problems University students now University students in the United States Maybe they can't find a job anymore Especially those who study liberal arts They find a job Now ask university students A lot of students What do you do after school? Starbucks as a waiter Yes, a lot of people do this Because I am now Our two-year community college is better Because the community college is for your employment requirements We have a lot of jobs Our state government is like this You have to hire 30 people for a few years You need training Our school will help you train A lot of companies give you money for training Training people for two years There is a contract So now a lot of big companies have moved to our state Our state policy is very pro-business New York Some companies have moved from California and New York So now The benefits and insurance people are hired in the United States A lot of money You have to give them a lot of money You count 25% of your salary That's it I can count the benefits for you The US employer has to pay 7.2% of your salary Social insurance tax Then the holidays The benefits are included in the holiday In short You hire people You count 25% of your salary For example, if you are looking for a job in Virginia How much is the base salary? 5,000 to 6,000 a month? It can't be said Your job is very different Some jobs are more than 100,000 a year Some are really It's hard to find Of course it's not that hard It's not Those are high-tech jobs 100,000 a month is a lot It's hard to find It's not that hard There are a lot of new jobs But those jobs are not stable Because now some high-tech companies are firing people It's hard to say How to say Now the world economy has entered a new transition period In the 1990s, the Internet was popular There was a transition period So jobs In the US I won't talk about the US In the US, employment is a big problem Unemployment rate is always 5% to 3% There are only 62% of men in the US who are of employment age The rest don't work Or some are studying A large proportion of them don't work They say the government has hired a lot of people This is how the government hires people The government has 2.6 million official employees The rest are countless contract workers Contract workers and contract units The government contract unit is the most powerful For example, the government contract company Google All government contract units The government contract is a contract You are like this Now China's government contracts are very powerful A lot of money So You talk about China's employment Employment and social stability are really complicated They say half of the Chinese are actually unemployed Half of them are actually unemployed Those who say I am one of them I have never I really don't listen to those people on the Internet Those people always talk about How to say They talk about people who are not afraid of death But the problem is Even the concept of unemployment is very difficult to define What is unemployment? You say you work 15 hours a week Is it unemployment? Is it unemployment to work 20 hours? China's 40-year-old migrant workers are staying in the city A large number of people are single-day workers If you can find a job, you can work If you can't find a job, you can't find a job You say it counts as employment or unemployment This statistic has always been difficult You say a person Open a company without making money He has no money, is he unemployed? The United States does not count There is a number in the United States It's not the same every week More than 10 hours or 20 hours It counts as unemployment So this data in China is also uncertain Because now young people, including those who work part-time You say it's like they are doing an investigation Unemployed youth If a person delivers takeout, does it count as unemployed youth? He thinks he is an unemployed youth He has a takeout order Counting the money he earns That kind of investigation He earns more than HK$6,000 a month Delivering takeout It doesn't count as unemployment There are a lot of single-day workers in China Unemployment statistics Of course, we say that the Chinese government always conceals unemployment But the unemployment statistics are very difficult It's also true He said doing one hour a week is not unemployment Now you see One week of IT One hour a week is enough to eat Then how do you count? It's not that easy to count I had a friend come back that day He told me He said he wanted China to find someone to do some animation with him He said one minute of animation How much does it cost? In short, it's more than HK$1,000 The US is the same How can I do animation now? I just tried to send a Christmas card made by AI What does it look like at home? If you ask someone to do it For example, someone asked you to draw a normal $2,000 Now AI can draw it in half a minute Yes There are a lot of things that are very difficult to count It's really hard to count So in my movie, everyone sees that there is an animation in the movie My animation, I asked the price I said I want to do one minute of animation Hollywood costs HK$30,000 I guess you really won't do it Then I went online to find In the end, I found someone in Sri Lanka HK$300 for one minute Yes Think about it, all these things are like this I also know that he has done a lot of artificial intelligence HK$300 for a young man He has eaten well for a week He may have done it with me for only one day HK$300 What do you think I have earned? What does he think I have earned? Now I have AI to do it I know I still have a lot of time Yes So these things Technological development Globalization The globalization of the United States is very powerful Because the Internet All the white-collar work in the United States It's all out there Outsource Outsource, very powerful China has a lot of outsources India too India has a lot now China's current salary has also increased So these problems I am talking about these problems How to say it? Maybe we scholars Sometimes it's more complicated Now people's survival is different from before What can make them survive? What can make them rebel? We don't know I really don't know Because at least I don't know At least I don't know In this world, when people rebel When they take risks You have no space to survive Now in this modern economy How much space is there? How much space does the Communist Party have to rule? How much space does the Chinese have to endure? We don't know At least I don't know There is one thing Now young people want to leave Leave China Of course they want to come to the U.S. Of course they want to leave It's a way out I know there are so many people who have left to come to the U.S. The conditions are not so bad The conditions are really bad They won't leave They can't leave It's a lot of money But I How to say it? As an American I really don't like this kind of illegal immigration Of course It's not about the job market It's not about this It's about illegal immigration It has changed Americans' view of the law The concept of social governance It has messed up the U.S. community I just heard Levine say Now the Democratic Party is basically relying on the outside It's basically done Let the people vote in the future Now they are targeting Texas They want to turn Texas into South America This is what he said But this is what I think Think about it The Democratic Party, no matter who you are We have seen it We have seen it all along Sometimes people have to do it themselves They don't even understand How much damage it will do to themselves So now Even if you are a Democrat Don't say crazy We are normal Democrats Have you ever thought What effect will such a change in the U.S. have on you? People don't think about it The Democratic Party Many of these leftist people We want to immigrate, it's human rights That's what it is This always reminds me of At the beginning, China, the Soviet Union The intellectuals of the Communist Party A lot of rich people How many rich people are there in the Communist Party? The upper class Why should they support this To the society they live in To humanity There is no harm in it Because they think this is correct Because it is correct They don't even consider their own interests Now you see the leftists in the West You know those people Talk to them They are all like this Crime and so on They are also dissatisfied But when they make policies They are short-sighted Very short-sighted Sometimes I think they are so far-sighted Don't have to do this Eight years later, they have an identity and vote There are such concepts But every specific one You go out and support Hamas Let's talk about the most typical There are a group of Jews who support Hamas What do you support? Hamas supports the Palestinians Do you think The one they want to kill is you There are a group of gay people You go out and support them If you have the courage You go to Gaza to protest You will be killed Those gay people will be killed Yes Such a simple connection People will not see it Will be blinded by these political propaganda They are smart people Not stupid people So We are in a world situation Sometimes I feel more pessimistic when I see these things Human beings should never underestimate Human beings' ability to mess up their own society The cadres of the Communist Party Faced with the current situation It's really chaotic now The current economic situation Do they have the right and ability to follow the policy? Do they have a reason to do it? What reason? Is there any benefit? It's not a matter of benefit It must be personal harm What do you have to do first? Do you have any harm? Don't even talk about benefit Do you have any harm? Will you be led to do it together? We look at the cadres of the Communist Party You think it's a civil war At that time, people fought This one pulled out, that one pulled out I wrote in my book Born American In fact, the real reason is fear You are afraid When you are afraid All the reasons you shouldn't do All become a kind of psychological This kind of accuracy, justification In fact, many people are very simple You go to support Palestine Many people, even classmates go If you don't go, you are afraid It's like people don't play with me Then go Many things are like this At that time, I wrote an article I also wrote more articles than Harvard Professor At that time, you look at the research I have researched 26 cases Cases of killing people You see that everyone is fine Men and women, especially women How can it be so cruel to kill people? It's always the weakest when it starts to hit people The most timid The youngest People look down on me I will hit people Hit The second one followed I can't stop hitting Hit to death That's it Many things are the logic of human behavior At that time If you do the right thing Everyone is rebelling You go, I go Then follow It's like But the logic of human behavior is Really At that time, everyone urged you to be harmed Then you really I sometimes admire people When I was alone Still insisting I turned out to have a good friend American He was studying in Oxford During the anti-Japanese war 100,000 people went out to fight the anti-Japanese war in the UK He and his two friends Two Americans One holding a sign Supporting our army Two people That's right Later, the other person I won't say who he is Later that person Became the U.S. Navy Minister A friend I know very well Two people studying in Oxford Two people holding signs Looking at two people in the street You two really Are they called Rhodes Scholars? Those who went to the U.S. to study in the UK There is a group of Rhodes Scholars Is it like Clinton? Yes Rhodes Scholars' money It turned out to be the founder of Rhodesia