VTV2 - Khám phá thế giới - Trái đất năm 2050 - Máy in 3D

In3D technology is a way for us to make everything different. It's really a technology that allows you to build anything you want. The technology produced in the world is being tested. People are already working on printing human organs. In3D technology is changing everything, from health care to education. When the 3D printer arrived, I was truly a child of God. It's in the house, in the kitchen, even in space. Hi, I'm Joe Penna, and welcome to Earth 2050. Everyone knows now there's a revolutionary development that tends to sneak up on us, and then all of a sudden we find it's a regular part of our lives. 30 years ago, it was the personal computer. Now, it could be 3D printing, and it's already having a profound impact. Even though this technology has been around for a long time, it's only starting to be noticed today. Manufacturing isn't just happening in the factory. Now, it's happening in your home or in your classroom. So what exactly is In3D technology? It creates objects from the air, in the true sense of the word. And that's not how products are made, in the traditional way. The old method is called manufacturing. Subtractive manufacturing has been around for thousands and thousands of years, ever since the first person cut a stone to an elephant and cut it into a sphere. That is subtractive manufacturing. What is 3D printing? So 3D printing has evolved into this field of additive manufacturing, which is the concept of building something by adding layers together. With a 3D printer, we're laying down the material one layer at a time to build that 3D printed object. It's very easy to do. It's easy to do everything. So we still say that complexity is free. A 3D printer doesn't pay attention to the difference between complexity and simplicity. Complexity doesn't cost you anything. The machine really doesn't know whether I'm building just a block of old content or an extremely complex or a heap of DNA secrets, or an extra DNA. And because you start with an idea on the computer and make it from start to finish, 3D technology is not only faster but also cheaper. That's what we call additive manufacturing. So you can go from digital to physical. So we're starting to see people are able to print lots of parts of spaceships, of airplanes. People are already working on printing human organs after some research and some work that's already been done. This 3D printer tool has made possible lots of things to do a lot of things. What this is, this is a scale model of a infant star that was built as a pre-surgery money model. We're trying to figure out what's the best way to do the surgery without impacting the child in a harmful way. They called me up and said, listen, I've got a model of this heart. Do you want to see it? It should benefit the patient. It should benefit the surgery. If you plan ahead, you can minimize the amount of time it takes to work inside the heart to do the surgery. You can minimize the incision. You can optimize where the incision is. There's parts of the heart that you don't want to do the surgery but you want to have to. You don't have to do anything. We see 3D printing as an incredibly powerful technology, a very disruptive technology, a technology that really has the potential to influence and shape almost every part of the world as we know it today. It's amazing. It completely frees creativity. You can do just anything that comes to mind. What's interesting is not only all your work. One company is using plastic bottles as raw materials, and that's a big deal. Because the US alone, more than 35 billion of these are thrown away every year. That's enough to circle the earth five times. That's what caught the attention of the world-famous singer, the famous producer, Winn I Am. He's an entertainer who's committed to protecting the environment. He believes that 3D printing can use plastic bottles that have been used as raw materials to create many different types of products. Where do you see this technology going in the near future? I think where 3D printing will go in the near future is you'll see products being housed, which means they'll go inside your house, with really good materials. But of course, that will be in the hands of designers for their sake. As humans, we create hundreds of millions of tons of waste every year, and a lot of it is PET plastic. I've created this little machine. This is a 3D printing machine. It's made of plastic, which means we take this waste and we don't throw it away. And it's taking this waste, the waste of it, and turning new ideas into beautiful objects. This is a pair of glasses, which is 3D-printed here, in a modern, revolutionary way. But you can do any style. It's pretty awesome. What do you think it can be a creative outlet for kids? I think kids need to start learning a new way to take an idea and materialize it in a matter of hours. That'll change how a person sees the world and how fast they implement ideas and how fast they implement their ideas. 3D printing is one of the best ways to use hands-on learning in the classroom because it's so accessible and very safe technology that it just gets to be in the person at a young age and not be afraid to do that. How old are the kids that you're working with? How do they like this? I would say, on average, they're high school students. We've worked with university students and I've also taught all the way up to six-year-olds about 3D modeling and 3D printing. Having a 3D printer in the classroom has greatly increased the creativity of the students. Many students who before have been given an assignment would do their minimum are now really paying attention to the details so that when they get to print it out, they can see their hard work having a physical effect on the students. Access to 3D printers makes young people work with computers and not just play video games or do exercises. Come to the 21st century vocational school. Thanks to 3D printing, the classroom will never be the same. Having a 3D printer in the classroom definitely gets me so extra confident that I could follow my dream and become an engineer. At a school in Massachusetts, a group of 9th grade students are focusing on a 3D printer. They're using the printer to design and create a human skeleton. The students love the 3D printer. They've nicknamed it the pizza box. They're very excited and they keep asking questions. How does it work? What can I do with it? Can I come in at times when no one's using the lab and work on my designs? A company called New Valance Robots provided the 3D printer. It was part of a mission to build a new generation of inventors by providing tools for children. The first time I saw something come out of the printer, I just looked at it and I was like, this is beautiful. It was a really small piece, but it was really, really cool to see that it was made by a machine. You could see the layers of sort of plastic that was used to print the items and it was just really, really cool to see that it was made by a machine. Now, students are able to design a project in a three-dimensional software. You're bringing in math because they have to think geometry and they have to think scale. There's so many functional things that can be added to it and you can use it right now to do the things that you want right now, right here, whether it's phone cases or 3D printing programs, everything from A to Z. It kind of gives me a sense of control, like I'm controlling what I'm wearing and how I'm wearing it and through that I'm learning things better and more quickly. Our passion is really about exploring new ways that we can use a 3D printer. We see it as an emerging technology that's being introduced into newer and newer fields. There's already a cultural expectation of a lizard as a design object. It's something that you're interested in experimenting with and embellishing and customizing as part of a special event or celebration. So it started out just as you might imagine by opening a 3D printer and pouring a bunch of different sugar in it and it really took us for only a few months from there to get anything very successful to emerge. So if you ever made a classic cake, you mix it up in a bowl and then the next morning if you haven't washed the dish yet you'll find that the sugar is moving along the sides of the bowl and that's because sugar and water crystallize and so it gets harder. Liz and Kyler, like many people using this technology, have seen that any object they can design they can do it with a 3D printer. With 3D software you can draw a 3D, you can take a point and extrude it into a line, you can take that line and extrude it into a plane and then using those basic steps you can make really any shape you can imagine. Reaching into the powdered sugar and we can just look out for each of the candies that are incorporated in the sugar but have been 3D printed. We figured out how to build a 3D printer that can actually work in a low-emission environment. Part of our reason for going into space is to go, to be the kind of people who are descendants of the great explorers. For the history of space today, everything we have ever built in space has to come from the surface of the planet and that's a huge strain on what we're actually doing in space because everything has to be launched from outer space. A 3D printer is a robot that's a robot that can do anything. To be able to get designs on the internet if you need a spare part for this event, how creamy these codes up to the space station where the 3D device makes parts for the astronauts that the astronauts need. Does that sound familiar? Beam me up apart? That means it has to be able to take in as many of those exceeding forces of gravity that you can find on Earth. And that's all just to survive eight minutes of getting there to get to space. On each launch, we've learned a little bit about how to make one work. And over time, we've figured out how to build a 3D printer that actually works in space. It's a long effort of studying but in the end, we've built a very unique 3D printer. Plastic trash from food wrappers on the space station, even the plastic parts that the astronauts have used, they can put that into this machine and turn that into filament that goes into the 3D printer. What if we could make 3D printers in a self-propelled way and one printer builds another printer and another printer builds another printer? It's a really cool idea. By 2050, we will be able to build all the things that are needed in space. And by the time we go and live on the moon and have the whole city built we're going to have all of our systems built when we get there. It's something to change in how we live. You can change mechanical properties or you can change materials in the space to create materials that don't exist today. If you can imagine every object sitting in your home every object that you touch during the day is designed by somebody who designed that. You can start to notice the utility and power of 3D printer to affect all those things