[Kỹ thuật trồng rau hữu cơ _ Khuyến nông

The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs of the Republic of China and the TV station Dong Thap would like to greet the audience and the farmers. Dear viewers and farmers, The situation of organic farming is now a concern of many people, so the technology of organic farming is being expanded by many people. So what is the difference between organic farming and other farming techniques? This is the content of today's program. Today, in the face of the impact of the food crisis, under the influence of nutrients and safety for health, organic vegetables are more popular. Organic vegetables are grown and produced in natural conditions according to the right organic standards for the balance of ecology and biodiversity. Organic vegetables are grown and produced according to organic standards and it must comply with the principle of harmony with nature, promote ecological balance, diversify and preserve biodiversity. In organic vegetables, absolutely no chemical fertilizers or pesticides are used, such as bamboo shoots. One of the characteristics of organic vegetables is that the person who grows organic vegetables must be trained in organic farming and must be familiar with the knowledge that has been trained in the process of agriculture. For example, organic fertilizers, planting of bamboo shoots, planting of Chinese yam, for pest control, planting of bitter melons to attract the enemy, or know how to create a pesticide-free insecticide to prevent pests. Organic vegetables are very difficult to manage today. At the same time, the production of organic vegetables is very low. Therefore, in the market in Dong Thap now, there are almost no organic products. The soil chosen to make organic vegetables must be separated from other soils by paddy fields or grasslands. In other words, it creates a separation point for normal production areas. This separation is intended to avoid chemical pesticides, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, pesticides from normal production areas. In the production of organic vegetables, the soil is the most important factor and the most difficult to manage if the soil is polluted. The soil in organic farming must meet some basic conditions. First, organic farming soil must be separated from polluting sources, such as waste disposal areas, hospitals, or roads. Second, if the soil is in the best condition, it should be part of the local agricultural production plan. It should also be part of the plan for the production of organic vegetables. Third, the soil must be tested before it can be used to produce organic vegetables. The soil must be tested to see if the soil contains enough heavy metals. If the soil contains enough heavy metals, it should be allowed to grow. Only then can the soil be used to produce organic vegetables. Fourth, organic farming soil must be separated from polluting sources. If the soil is not separated, people can plant trees to prevent polluting sources from entering the soil. In Dong Thap, people want to test the soil quality, water quality, or the quality of vegetables. We can send samples to Dong Thap to be tested. The first requirement of organic production is that organic fertilizers are not allowed to be used to supplement nutrients for trees. People have to fertilize. Fertilizer ingredients include insecticides such as chicken and buffalo feces. Green ingredients such as herbs and fresh trees and brown ingredients such as pine and dried leaves. It is easy to buy cow dung. I learned how to fertilize cow dung by buying cow dung. I used cow dung and didn't buy pre-fertilized dung. Cow dung, pine and green vegetables such as grass and trichoderma. I put the cow dung on a layer of dried leaves and spread it on the cow dung. Then I put cow dung and green vegetables on it. Then I water it. Then I put cow dung and green vegetables on it. Then I water it. If I have trichoderma, I can spray it. If I don't have it, I can water it for half a month or 20 days. I can water it for 2 months or 70 days. I can water it from 60 to 70 days. Before I did it, I spread it out on the surface, then on the ground, and then I spread it out. I spread it out, and then I put the seeds in. Then, if I have the conditions, I can spread more bones on the top layer. The tree is developed, then I put it in a thin layer, and that's it. One of the points when Westerners start producing organic vegetables is that there must be a production plan. Usually, it should be combined with agricultural engineers, agricultural projects, and agricultural groups. So, we should choose the method of growing trees. We should grow trees continuously to limit the damage to the trees and to balance the soil. During the process of producing organic vegetables, the producer will be trained and instructed in detail about the technical measures to reduce the damage of pests, for example, the technique of growing lotus and lotus-leaved trees, the technique of growing pest-repellent trees, or the technique of growing papaya trees to attract the enemy. At the same time, the producer will be trained in the technique of creating fertilizers and pesticides to prevent the spread of diseases in the field. Currently, the Ministry of Agriculture cooperates with the CETOVO organization to carry out the project to develop organic agriculture. In this project, the participants will receive free training. They will be certified through the training, and they will also receive a certificate of certification to produce organic vegetables. If you are interested and want to produce organic vegetables, you can contact the CETOVO organization, or the authorized agricultural services centers to be advised and instructed to participate in the process of producing organic vegetables. The source of water for the technology of growing organic vegetables is very important. Therefore, the source of water should not be contaminated with chemicals, particles from agriculture, industry, or waste. Therefore, it is necessary to have clean water sources to supply, such as water pipes. If the source of water for growing organic vegetables is contaminated, such as heavy metals, you can use a filter to filter out heavy metals. After 6 to 8 months, we will take the water sample to check again. If the result is good, we can use it to grow organic vegetables. Before producing organic vegetables or participating in the production of organic vegetables, you need to pay attention to some content. First, you have to check your land conditions, to see if the land where you cultivate is suitable for the requirement of producing organic vegetables or not. The problem is that you have to check the source of water where you cultivate, whether the source of water is active or not, whether it is polluted by the surrounding pollution conditions, such as garbage, waste water management, or the waste of pesticides and pesticides. For the technology of growing organic vegetables, the effort is quite high, and must follow the principle of distribution to the water, and must use the work to make grass, or make grass by hand, or use any types of pesticides. Pesticides absolutely prohibit the technology of growing organic vegetables, so the methods of growing vegetables must be used, in order to interact and support each other. Use folk remedies such as water, garlic, ginger, and leaves. I grow garlic, ginger, and chili. For each ingredient, we add 1kg of garlic and 300g of sugar. At first, we put in 1 liter of wine. After a day or a night, we add 5 liters of wine, which is 6 liters per 1kg. The same goes for ginger, garlic and chili. We use it to drive away insects. For example, if you see a bug, you can spray it and drive it away. If there is a worm, you can spray it and it won't die. You just have to hold it by the hand. If you spray it and drive it away, it won't lay eggs or hatch. If you spray it for a week, you have to spray it. If there is a worm, you have to spray it and drive it away. It won't lay eggs or hatch. I put a net on it to prevent insects from getting in. When I put a net on it, the insects can't get in. If you spray it like that, the net will get bigger and bigger. I've been using it since I started farming. It's not bad. Except for the case when you use grass. If you use grass, you have to put a net on it. Insects can't get in. I use about 150 liters of electricity per 20 liters of water. I use about 150 liters of ginger, garlic and chili. I use about 150 liters of everything. If you add it all up, it's about half a liter. Half a liter for a 20-liter pot. I've been using it since I started farming. I have it at home all the time. So the flowers are colored around the grass to attract and drive away insects. Another feature is the production of organic matter. When the soil is stable, the plants grow well. Organic matter is usually healthier than normal plants. So the ability to fight diseases of organic plants will be much higher. The flowers are always added. If something is about to die, I cut it off. If it's still there, I cut it off. If it's empty, I plant more. I plant it to balance the ecosystem. It's like guiding the insects to balance the ecosystem. Insects such as ants and cockroaches eat insects. In the past, when there were no plants, the disease was very severe. But now, it's better to be balanced. Organic matter management requires farmers to record all the information they get from the soil, the methods they use, and the processing process. Farmers also have to record the production of organic matter. This information shows the transparency of organic matter production, which helps to avoid the reuse of excess materials or the storage of goods from outside. The whole process is very simple. This is the end of this episode. Thank you for watching. Goodbye and see you again.