【4K🇨🇳】中國元明清三朝國家最高學府，北京國子監文廟The national university during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties in CHINA
0:01 北京國子監
1:13 國子監琉璃牌坊
5:39 國子監東碑亭
9:41 國子監辟雍
22:48 乾隆石經館
23:39 北京文廟
24:50 北京文廟碑亭
30:52 北京文廟大成殿
#chinatravel #china #beijing #beijingtravel #4k #旅行 #4k_status #history #travel #ancient
歡迎订阅我的频道，高清與4K視頻純享中外文物古蹟。
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEVtWMwTQJdqd6Ba76IrJYA
中華文物古跡：https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mEpkmEXgNSdqU8XkfS_TcUTb0KcFLJe
世界各地文物古跡：https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mEpkmEXgNTyN3O1F5amRTUypO8r4Yxa
北京國子監坐落於北京市安定門內國子監街（舊稱成賢街）上，元明清三代國家最高學府所在地。按照「左廟右學」的規制，在其東側僅一牆之隔即為北京文廟。
國子監是自隋以後中國官方最高學府，歷代王朝都在都城建有國子監。遼會同元年（938年）將幽州（今北京）升為南京，修建了南京太學，金貞元元年（1153年）遷都南京，改名中都，建立中都國子監，元大德十年（1306年）建大都國子監。
明初毀棄，改建北平府學，成為北京地區的最高學府，永樂帝從南京遷都北京後，改北平府學為北京國子監，同時保留南京國子監。由於元末明初的戰亂，現在北京國子監內的元代建築遺存極少，絕大部分建築為明清所建。
The Imperial College in Beijing is located on Imperial College Street (formerly known as Chengxian Street) in Andingmen, Beijing. It was the seat of the highest educational institution in the country during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. According to the regulations of "Left Temple, Right School", the Beijing Confucian Temple is only separated by a wall to the east.
The Imperial College has been the highest official institution of higher learning in China since the Sui Dynasty. All dynasties in the past dynasties have built Imperial Colleges in the capital. In the first year of Huitong of the Liao Dynasty (938), Youzhou (today's Beijing) was promoted to Nanjing, and Nanjing Taixue was built. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1153), the capital was moved to Nanjing, renamed Zhongdu, and the Imperial Academy of Zhongdu was established. In the tenth year of Dade in the Yuan Dynasty ( 1306) built Dadu Imperial College.
It was destroyed and abandoned in the early Ming Dynasty, and the Peiping Fuxue was rebuilt and became the highest institution of learning in Beijing. After Emperor Yongle moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, the Peiping Fuxue was renamed the Imperial College of Beijing while retaining the Imperial College of Nanjing. Due to the wars at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, there are very few architectural remains of the Yuan Dynasty in the Imperial College in Beijing, and most of the buildings were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.